Trade-related employment for women in industry and services in developing countries

In preparation for the Fourth World Conference on Women, which was held in Beijing in September 1995, UNRISD initiated an Occasional Paper Series reflecting work carried out under the UNRISD/UNDP project, Technical Co-operation and Women's Lives: Integrating Gender into Development Policy. This paper is intended to contribute to the project's policy dialogues. It considers current changes in the international economic context as they affect the evolution of employment structures, and analyses their implications for women's employment in the trade-related manufacturing and services sectors

Gender and Livelihoods in Northern Pakistan

This article reports on research done in 1993-94 in the Hunza and Nagar districts in the Karakorum mountains in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. It was designed to explore whether increasing demands on women's labour inputs in an ecologically stressed area undergoing population growth might be prejudicing sustainable use of natural resources and, further, whether project interventions that succeeded in delivering resources to women might, by relieving their time constraints, contribute to environmental sustainability as a result. A study in Nepal had convincingly demonstrated that in a comparable (though not exactly similar) environment, resource degradation was leading women to take short cuts in cultivation methods that were undermining the maintenence of soil fertility under traditional cultivation methods (Kumar and Hotchkiss 1988). If a similar situation obtained in Northern Pakistan, more attention to gender analysis of production systems in ecologically fragile areas, and the direction of more resources specifically to women, might be generally warranted on environmental grounds.European Research Council (ERC

Gender Inequality and Trade

The paper empirically explores the international linkages between gender inequality and trade flows of a sample of 92 developed and developing countries. The focus is on comparative advantage in labour-intensive manufactured goods. The results indicate that gender wage inequality is positively associated with comparative advantage in labourintensive goods, that is, countries with a larger gender wage gap have higher exports of these goods. Also, gender inequality in labour force activity rates and educational attainment rates are negatively linked with comparative advantage in labour-intensive commodities

Women In The World Wconomy

xii,161 hlm.; 23 c

Competition and development : the power of competitive markets

Library has French version: Concurrence et le développement : la puissance des marchés concurrentielsLibrary has Spanish version: Competencia y desarrollo : el poder de los mercados competitivosThe growth of privatization and international trade and investment, and the spread of bilateral and multilateral trade agreements have increased economic integration, affecting almost all nations of the world. This new reliance on private enterprise has brought about many changes in the economic structure and production capacity of developing countries. However, it has also made developing countries more vulnerable to new and harmful types of anticompetitive business practices. Putting effective policies in place to ensure that businesses compete is a complex and difficult task. This book and its accompanying website demonstrate the importance of true and fair competition to sustainable development and an effective marketplace, touching on issues of globalization, consumer welfare, cartels and monopolies, and trade liberalization

Concurrence et le développement : la puissance des marchés concurrentiels

Version anglaise dans la bibliothèque: Competition and development : the power of competitive marketsVersion espagnole dans la bibliothèque: Competencia y desarrollo : el poder de los mercados competitivosLa montée de la privatisation, la croissance du commerce et de l’investissement internationaux, et la multiplication des accords commerciaux bilatéraux et multilatéraux ont favorisé l’intégration économique, qui touche presque tous les pays de la planète. Ce nouveau recours à l’entreprise privée a entraîné de nombreux changements dans la structure économique et la capacité de production des pays en développement. Toutefois, il a également accentué la vulnérabilité des pays en développement face à de nouveaux types préjudiciables de pratiques commerciales anticoncurrentielles. Il est à la fois complexe et difficile de mettre en place des politiques efficaces pour assurer la compétitivité des entreprises. Ce livre et les pages Web connexes illustrent l’importance d’une concurrence juste et équitable pour le développement durable et le fonctionnement efficace des marchés; on y aborde la mondialisation, le bien-être des consommateurs, les cartels et les monopoles, et la libéralisation du commerce

Competencia y desarrollo : el poder de los mercados competitivos

Versión inglés en la biblioteca: Competition and development : the power of competitive marketsVersión francés en la biblioteca: Concurrence et le développement : la puissance des marchés concurrentielsEl incremento de las privatizaciones, el comercio internacional y la inversión, así como la expansión de los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales y multilaterales, han llevado a una mayor integración económica cuyos efectos son visibles en casi todas las naciones del mundo. Esta nueva dependencia de la empresa privada ha provocado muchos cambios en la estructura económica y en la capacidad de producción de los países en desarrollo. No obstante, también ha contribuido a que los países en desarrollo se vuelvan más vulnerables ante la adversidad de nuevas modalidades que derivan de prácticas comerciales anticompetitivas. El diseño y ejecución de políticas efectivas que aseguren la competencia entre las empresas constituye una tarea compleja y difícil. Este libro, y el sitio web que lo acompaña, demuestran la importancia que representa una competencia verdadera y justa para lograr un desarrollo sostenible y un mercado eficaz, presentando temas relativos a la globalización, bienestar del consumidor, carteles y monopolios, así como liberalización del comercio