STUDI PENGGUNAAN KHITOSAN SEBAGAI ANTI BAKTERI PADA IKAN TERI (Stolephorus heterolobus) ASIN KERING SELAMA PENYIMPANAN SUHU KAMAR THE EFFECT OF CHITOSAN CONCENTRATION ON QUALITY OF DRIED-SALTED ANCHOVY (Stolephorus heterolobus) DURING ROOM TEMPERATURE STORAGE

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini mempelajari penggunaan khitosan pada proses pengawetan ikan teri (S. heterolobus) asin kering selama penyimpanan suhu kamar. Tujuannya adalah mengetahui konsentrasi khitosan yang efektif untuk proses pengolahannya. Metoda penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial . Faktor pertama adalah perlakuan konsentrasi khitosan (tiga taraf :0,0%; 0,5%; 1,0%) dan faktor kedua adalah lama penyimpanan(lima taraf : 0; 2; 4; 6; 8 minggu). Variabel dependen yang diamati meliputi total bakteri/TPC, kadar air dan aktifitas air). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan konsentrasi khitosan berpengaruh nyata (p<0,01) hanya terhadap variabel dependen total bakteri. Sedangkan perlakuan lama penyimpanan berpengaruh nyata ( p<0,01) terhadap variabel kadar air dan total bakteri. Konsentrasi khitosan 0,5% merupakan konsentrasi yang efektif untuk menurunkan total bakteri ikan teri asin kering. Kata-kata kunci: Konsentrasi Khitosan, Ikan Teri (S. heterolobus.) Asin Kering, Lama Penyimpanan ABSTRACT This research studied the application of chitosan on dried-salted anchovy S. heterolobus preservation during storage at room temperature. The aim of study was to know the effective concentration of chitosan for its processing. The experimental design used was Randomized Complete Block with two factors. The first factor was chitosan concentration (three levels, i.e: 0,0%; 0,5%; 1,0%) while the second factor was storage time (five levels, i.e: 0; 2; 4; 6; 8 weeks). Observation of dependent variables included total bacterial counts/TPC, moisture content and water activity. The results of this study indicated that chitosan concentration variable was significantly reduced the total bacterial counts (p<0,01). During storage at room temperature, storage time variable was significantly influencing the moisture and total bacterial counts (p<0,01). The effective concentration of chitosan for reducing total bacterial counts was 0,5%. Key Words: Chitosan Concentration, Dried-salted Anchovy (S. heterolobus), Storage Tim

Pengembangan Media Membelajaran Berbasis Android Pada Materi Sintesis Protein Untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Siswa

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis Android pada materi sintesis protein untuk meningkatkan kompetensi siswa pada aspek kognitif. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan atau Research and Development dengan desain Four D. Penelitian melibatkan 3 orang validator dan 72 orang siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu lembar validasi ahli materi, lembar validasi ahli media, lembar validasi guru biologi, dan soal tes pilihan ganda pada materi sintesis protein. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa validasi media pembelajaran berbasis Android pada materi sintesis protein rata-rata sebesar 93% dengan kategori Sangat Layak. Kompetensi siswa meningkat dengan penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis Android pada materi sintesis protein, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan hasil uji Mann Whitney. Berdasarkan hasil, penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis Android pada materi sintesis protein dapat meningkatkan kompetensi siswa. Rekomendasi untuk penelitian lanjutan sebaiknya dilakukan uji coba pada skala luas dengan jumlah siswa yang lebih banyak agar didapatkan data yang lebih akurat

Bilingual Class Learning Management (A Site Study at SMP Negeri 2 Purworejo)

The purposes of this study are to describe (1) the development of instructional materials of bilingual class at SMP Negeri 2 Purworejo; (2) the bilingual learning strategies at SMP Negeri 2 Purworejo; and (3) the bilingual classroom learning interactions at SMP Negeri 2 Purworejo. It was a qualitative research using ethnography design. The main research subjects were the principal, teachers and the vice principal of curriculum affair. Data collection methods used interview, observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used data collection, data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusion. Data validity teachniques used triangulation. The findings suggested that (1) the development of bilingual class instructional materials created by SMP 2 Purworejo was by techniques of arranging information, scratching and translating. Teachers analyzed the materials to be developed based on the National Education Standard Board and OECD curriculums. Source of instructional materials were from domestic and foreign references as taken from Cambridge. The instructional materials developed in the form of printed and electronic. (2) Bilingual learning strategies in SMP 2 Purworejo was conducted by a semi-English approach in which teachers used bilingual language in delivering instructional material. CTL method used both in learning inside or outside the classroom. With this method, students learned to discuss and work together. Animation media was used by teachers in presenting the material. The school also increased the students 'and teachers' competence in the English language by organizing public courses. (3) Interaction of bilingual class learning at SMP 2 Purworejo was done by two-way interaction. This interaction was created because teachers made an activity of students’ active learning. Teachers had planned to construct interactive learning by writing lesson plan. Students were required to answer questions, conduct discussion, and also to make a presentation using an LCD that had been prepared. The recommandation given to this research(1)In House Training should be done twice a year,(2) publish the teaching materials in the form of modules,(3) carry out English Day program,(4) apply debate method

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker initiation on organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

IMPORTANCE Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Objective To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) initiation improves outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an ongoing, adaptive platform randomized clinical trial, 721 critically ill and 58 non–critically ill hospitalized adults were randomized to receive an RAS inhibitor or control between March 16, 2021, and February 25, 2022, at 69 sites in 7 countries (final follow-up on June 1, 2022). INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive open-label initiation of an ACE inhibitor (n = 257), ARB (n = 248), ARB in combination with DMX-200 (a chemokine receptor-2 inhibitor; n = 10), or no RAS inhibitor (control; n = 264) for up to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was organ support–free days, a composite of hospital survival and days alive without cardiovascular or respiratory organ support through 21 days. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model. Odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1 represent improved outcomes. RESULTS On February 25, 2022, enrollment was discontinued due to safety concerns. Among 679 critically ill patients with available primary outcome data, the median age was 56 years and 239 participants (35.2%) were women. Median (IQR) organ support–free days among critically ill patients was 10 (–1 to 16) in the ACE inhibitor group (n = 231), 8 (–1 to 17) in the ARB group (n = 217), and 12 (0 to 17) in the control group (n = 231) (median adjusted odds ratios of 0.77 [95% bayesian credible interval, 0.58-1.06] for improvement for ACE inhibitor and 0.76 [95% credible interval, 0.56-1.05] for ARB compared with control). The posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitors and ARBs worsened organ support–free days compared with control were 94.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Hospital survival occurred in 166 of 231 critically ill participants (71.9%) in the ACE inhibitor group, 152 of 217 (70.0%) in the ARB group, and 182 of 231 (78.8%) in the control group (posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitor and ARB worsened hospital survival compared with control were 95.3% and 98.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, among critically ill adults with COVID-19, initiation of an ACE inhibitor or ARB did not improve, and likely worsened, clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0273570

The Study of Preservation Technique using Different Salting Process to The Physical Quality of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linn) Fish Skin Leather Tanned by Chrome

The research was aimed to know the method of fish skin preservation by salting to obtain good physical quality of Tilapia fish skin leather tanned by chrome. It was concluded that for fish skin preservation before tanning is by using crystal salt on salting process

Penerapan Produksi Bersih pada Proses Elektroplating Perak

Proses ektroplating perak adalah proses memberikan lapisan tipis perak pada permukaan suatu benda logam dengan bantuan arus listrik, dengan media pelapisan larutan elektrolit perak KAgCN. Benda yang dilapis berupa bros dari logam tembaga tembaga. Tahapan proses pelapisan meliputi: pengerjaan awal yang terdiri dart proses: polis, cuci lemak dan karat, proses pelapisan, pencucian, dan pengeringan. Hampir setiap tahapan proses elektroplating menggunakan bahan kimia yang akan terbuang menjadi limbah berbahaya, yaitu melalui pencucian dan pembilasan, tumpahan atau percikan dari bak elektrolit, sisa larutan elektrolit yang akan. Pada kegiatan ini diamati pengerjaan elektroplating perak sebanyak 240 buah bros, setiap kali proses sebanyak 24 bros dalam 3 liter elektrolit. Kegiatan penerapan produksi bersih pada proses ini adalah, mengganti bahan masukan pada saat pencucian air alam diganti dengan aquades, HCI atau H2S04 sebagai bahan pencuci diganti dengan asam jawa atau lerak, menggunakan elektrolit dengan konsentrasi minimum, memperkecil drag out, dan pengaturan layout proses. Hasil pengamatan menunjukan bahwa penerapan produksi bersih pada proses elektroplating perak menunjukkan bahwa pH limbah pencucian dan pembilasan dari 4~5 menjadi 6-7, penghematan bahan pelapis 5 %, meningkatkan efisiensi larutan elektrolit 5 % dan menurunkan produk rejek 5 %. Kata kunci : elektroplating perak, elektrolit, produksi bersi

Penerapan Produksi Bersih Pada Proses Elektroplating Perak

Proses ektroplating perak adalah proses memberikan lapisan tipis perak pada permukaan suatu benda logam dengan bantuan arus listrik, dengan media pelapisan larutan elektrolit perak KAgCN. Benda yang dilapis berupa bros dari logam tembaga tembaga. Tahapan proses pelapisan meliputi: pengerjaan awal yang terdiri dart proses: polis, cuci lemak dan karat, proses pelapisan, pencucian, dan pengeringan. Hampir setiap tahapan proses elektroplating menggunakan bahan kimia yang akan terbuang menjadi limbah berbahaya, yaitu melalui pencucian dan pembilasan, tumpahan atau percikan dari bak elektrolit, sisa larutan elektrolit yang akan. Pada kegiatan ini diamati pengerjaan elektroplating perak sebanyak 240 buah bros, setiap kali proses sebanyak 24 bros dalam 3 liter elektrolit. Kegiatan penerapan produksi bersih pada proses ini adalah, mengganti bahan masukan pada saat pencucian air alam diganti dengan aquades, HCI atau H2S04 sebagai bahan pencuci diganti dengan asam jawa atau lerak, menggunakan elektrolit dengan konsentrasi minimum, memperkecil drag out, dan pengaturan layout proses. Hasil pengamatan menunjukan bahwa penerapan produksi bersih pada proses elektroplating perak menunjukkan bahwa pH limbah pencucian dan pembilasan dari 4~5 menjadi 6-7, penghematan bahan pelapis 5 %, meningkatkan efisiensi larutan elektrolit 5 % dan menurunkan produk rejek 5 %

Effect of Antiplatelet Therapy on Survival and Organ Support–Free Days in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19

International audienc