Protecting critical information infrastructure of government, transportation, and tourist facilities under sanctions pressure

The article analyzes political and legal measures to counter threats to critical information infrastructure (CII). The authors explain the concept of CII in Russia and abroad, examine how its objects are covered, and discuss the steps Russia has taken to safeguard CII considering the principal risks to information security in 2017-2023. The sanctions regime places unique challenges in the area of CII protection. Sanctions pressure and other political challenges vastly facilitated the development of new security measures. The success of the protective policy is demonstrated by the increase in the proportion of domestically produced electronics purchased by state-owned businesses and government clients in 2023. The current risks related to foreign electronics being vulnerable to cyberattacks need to be addressed. In response to these challenges, new security systems are gradually being introduced for CII protection

Approaches to Analysis of Interstate Cooperation

At the present day cultural diplomacy plays a rather important role in the development of international relations and world politics. This concept is receiving increasing attention from various countries, international and non-governmental organizations and other actors. This trend exists due to a number of reasons, such as the desire of states to create a positive image of their country, the expansion of international cooperation, changes in the global and domestic political situation, the protection of national interests, the prevention of conflicts between states, etc. Cultural diplomacy, beyond historical precedents, consists of a relatively new practice of a country’s foreign policy, which has traditionally focused on trade and security and defense issues. It is true that in European countries there are institutions of cultural foreign relations since the beginning of the century, but in the last decade the issues, related to the projection of the international image of countries, have become more important