3,578 research outputs found
Z-Axis Optomechanical Accelerometer
We demonstrate a z-axis accelerometer which uses waveguided light to sense
proof mass displacement. The accelerometer consists of two stacked rings (one
fixed and one suspended above it) forming an optical ring resonator. As the
upper ring moves due to z-axis acceleration, the effective refractive index
changes, changing the optical path length and therefore the resonant frequency
of the optical mode. The optical transmission changes with acceleration when
the laser is biased on the side of the optical resonance. This silicon nitride
"Cavity-enhanced OptoMechanical Accelerometer" (COMA) has a sensitivity of 22
percent-per-g optical modulation for our highest optical quality factor (Q_o)
devicesComment: Published in Proceedings of the 25th IEEE International Conference on
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS 2012), Paris, France, January 29 - Feb
2, 2012, pp. 615-61
Career effectiveness and its determinants
Study of careers has become an important aspect in the fast changing organizational context. It has come to be increasingly recognized at present, that career management is the responsibility of both the individual as well as the organization. This empirical study tries to understand the important elements of individual and organizational career practices that affect an employee’s career effectiveness. Most of the previous studies have used the objective terms of career success such as remuneration and position as the criterion variable. But since career outcome expectations vary across individuals and also since the concept of career itself has evolved over time, it was decided to use a more comprehensive concept of career outcome namely career effectiveness as the outcome variable. Career effectiveness as defined by Hall (2002) has both long-term orientation such as identity and adaptability as well as short-term orientation such as career attitudes and performance. Further both behavioral aspects such as performance and adaptability and individual subjective aspects such as identity and attitudes make it a more comprehensive way of assessing career outcome. The results of this research study indicate that individual determinants such as career planning and knowledge of organizational politics and organizational level determinants such as training and development support, quality of performance feedback and supervisory support explain significant variances in the determination of employee career effectiveness.
Membrane mediated aggregation of curvature inducing nematogens and membrane tubulation
The shapes of cell membranes are largely regulated by membrane associated,
curvature active, proteins. We use a numerical model of the membrane with
elongated membrane inclusions, recently developed by us, which posses
spontaneous directional curvatures that could be different along and
perpendicular to its long axis. We show that, due to membrane mediated
interactions these curvature inducing membrane nematogens can oligomerize
spontaneously, even at low concentrations, and change the local shape of the
membrane. We demonstrate that for a large group of such inclusions, where the
two spontaneous curvatures have equal sign, the tubular conformation and
sometime the sheet conformation of the membrane are the common equilibrium
shapes. We elucidate the factors necessary for the formation of these {\it
protein lattices}. Furthermore, the elastic properties of the tubes, like their
compressional stiffness and persistence length are calculated. Finally, we
discuss the possible role of nematic disclination in capping and branching of
the tubular membranes.Comment: 15pages, 8 figure
Femtosecond Photoexcited Carrier Dynamics in Reduced Graphene Oxide Suspensions and Films
We report ultrafast response of femtosecond photoexcited carriers in single
layer reduced graphene oxide flakes suspended in water as well as few layer
thick film deposited on indium tin oxide coated glass plate using pump-probe
differential transmission spectroscopy at 790 nm. The carrier relaxation
dynamics has three components: ~200 fs, 1 to 2 ps, and ~25 ps, all of them
independent of pump fluence. It is seen that the second component (1 to 2 ps)
assigned to the lifetime of hot optical phonons is larger for graphene in
suspensions whereas other two time constants are the same for both the
suspension and the film. The value of third order nonlinear susceptibility
estimated from the pump-probe experiments is compared with that obtained from
the open aperture Z-scan results for the suspension.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in International Journal of Nanoscience
(IJN), 201
Large nonlinear absorption and refraction coefficients of carbon nanotubes estimated from femtosecond Z-scan measurements
Nonlinear transmission of 80 and 140 femtosecond pulsed light with wavelength through single walled carbon nanotubes suspended in water
containing sodium dodecyl sulphate is studied. Pulse-width independent
saturation absorption and negative cubic nonlinearity are observed,
respectively, in open and closed aperture Z-scan experiments. The theoretical
expressions derived to analyze the z-dependent transmission in the saturable
limit require two photon absorption coefficient and a
nonlinear index to fit the data.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures. Accepted and to appear in Applied Physics
Letter
Large-amplitude chirped coherent phonons in tellurium mediated by ultrafast photoexcited carrier diffusion
We report femtosecond time-resolved reflectivity measurements of coherent
phonons in tellurium performed over a wide range of temperatures (3K to 296K)
and pump laser intensities. A totally symmetric A coherent phonon at 3.6
THz responsible for the oscillations in the reflectivity data is observed to be
strongly positively chirped (i.e, phonon time period decreases at longer
pump-probe delay times) with increasing photoexcited carrier density, more so
at lower temperatures. We show for the first time that the temperature
dependence of the coherent phonon frequency is anomalous (i.e, increasing with
increasing temperature) at high photoexcited carrier density due to
electron-phonon interaction. At the highest photoexcited carrier density of
1.4 10cm and the sample temperature of 3K, the
lattice displacement of the coherent phonon mode is estimated to be as high as
0.24 \AA. Numerical simulations based on coupled effects of optical
absorption and carrier diffusion reveal that the diffusion of carriers
dominates the non-oscillatory electronic part of the time-resolved
reflectivity. Finally, using the pump-probe experiments at low carrier density
of 6 10 cm, we separate the phonon anharmonicity to
obtain the electron-phonon coupling contribution to the phonon frequency and
linewidth.Comment: 22 pages, 6 figures, submitted to PR
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