7,251 research outputs found
Urinary Olfactory Chemosignals in Lactating Females Show More Attractness to Male Root Voles (Microtus oeconomus)
Dataset Obfuscation: Its Applications to and Impacts on Edge Machine Learning
Obfuscating a dataset by adding random noises to protect the privacy of
sensitive samples in the training dataset is crucial to prevent data leakage to
untrusted parties for edge applications. We conduct comprehensive experiments
to investigate how the dataset obfuscation can affect the resultant model
weights - in terms of the model accuracy, Frobenius-norm (F-norm)-based model
distance, and level of data privacy - and discuss the potential applications
with the proposed Privacy, Utility, and Distinguishability (PUD)-triangle
diagram to visualize the requirement preferences. Our experiments are based on
the popular MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets under both independent and identically
distributed (IID) and non-IID settings. Significant results include a trade-off
between the model accuracy and privacy level and a trade-off between the model
difference and privacy level. The results indicate broad application prospects
for training outsourcing in edge computing and guarding against attacks in
Federated Learning among edge devices.Comment: 6 page
Multi-wavelength study of the supernova remnant Kes 79 (G33.6+0.1): On its supernova properties and expansion into a molecular environment
Kes 79 (G33.6+0.1) is an aspherical thermal composite supernova remnant (SNR)
observed across the electromagnetic spectrum and showing an unusual
highly-structured morphology, in addition to harboring a central compact object
(CCO). Using the CO J=1-0, J=2-1, and J=3-2 data, we provide the first direct
evidence and new morphological evidence to support the physical interaction
between the SNR and the molecular cloud at km s. We
revisit the 380 ks XMM-Newton observations and perform a dedicated spatially
resolved X-ray spectroscopic study with careful background subtraction. The
overall X-ray-emitting gas is characterized by an under-ionized ( cm^) cool ( keV) plasma with solar
abundances, plus an under-ionized ( cm) hot
( keV) plasma with elevated Ne, Mg, Si, S and Ar abundances.
Kes 79 appears to have a double-hemisphere morphology viewed along the
symmetric axis. Projection effect can explain the multiple shell structures and
the thermal composite morphology. The X-ray filaments, spatially correlated
with the 24 um IR filaments, are suggested to be due to the SNR shock
interaction with dense gas, while the halo forms from SNR breaking out into a
tenuous medium. The high-velocity, hot (--1.6 keV) ejecta patch
with high metal abundances, together with the non-uniform metal distribution
across the SNR, indicating an asymmetric SN explosion of Kes 79. We refine the
Sedov age to 4.4--6.7 kyr and the mean shock velocity to 730 km s. Our
multi-wavelength study suggests a progenitor mass of --20 solar masses
for the core-collapse explosion that formed Kes 79 and its CCO, PSR J1852+0040.Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, published in Ap
- …