213 research outputs found
Turbulence drag modulation by dispersed droplets in Taylor-Couette flow: the effects of the dispersed phase viscosity
The dispersed phase in turbulence can vary from almost inviscid fluid to
highly viscous fluid. By changing the viscosity of the dispersed droplet phase,
we experimentally investigate how the deformability of dispersed droplets
affects the global transport quantity of the turbulent emulsion. Different
kinds of silicone oil are employed to result in the viscosity ratio, ,
ranging from to . The droplet volume fraction, , is varied
from 0\% to 10\% with a spacing of 2\%. The global transport quantity,
quantified by the normalized friction coefficient ,
shows a weak dependence on the turbulent intensity due to the vanishing
finite-size effect of the droplets. The interesting fact is that, with
increasing , the first increases and then
saturates to a plateau value which is similar to that of the rigid particle
suspension. By performing image analysis, this drag modification is interpreted
from the aspect of droplet deformability, which is responsible for the breakup
and coalescence effect of the droplets. The statistics of the droplet size
distribution show that, with increasing , the stabilizing effect induced
by interfacial tension comes to be substantial and the pure inertial breakup
process becomes dominant. The measurement of the droplet distribution along the
radial direction of the system shows a bulk-clustering effect, which can be
attributed to the non-negligible coalescence effect of the droplet. It is found
that the droplet coalescence effect could be suppressed as the
increases, thereby affecting the contribution of interfacial tension to the
total stress, and accounting for the observed emulsion rheology.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figure
Accelerations of large inertial particles in turbulence
Understanding the dynamics of material objects advected by turbulent flows is
a long standing question in fluid dynamics. In this perspective article we
focus on the characterization of the statistical properties of non-interacting
finite-sized massive spherical particles advected by a vigorous turbulent flow.
We study the fluctuations and temporal correlations of particle accelerations
and explore their behaviours with respect to both the particle size and the
particle mass density by means of fully-resolved numerical simulations. We
observe that the measured trends can not be interpreted as the simple
multiplicative combination of the two dominant effects: the spatial filtering
of fluid accelerations and the added-mass-adjusted fluid-to-particle density
ratio. We argue that other hydrodynamical forces or effects (e.g. preferential
flow sampling) have still a significant role even at the largest particle
sizes, which are here of the order of the integral scale of turbulence.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
From Rayleigh-B\'enard convection to porous-media convection: how porosity affects heat transfer and flow structure
We perform a numerical study of the heat transfer and flow structure of
Rayleigh-B\'enard (RB) convection in (in most cases regular) porous media,
which are comprised of circular, solid obstacles located on a square lattice.
This study is focused on the role of porosity in the flow properties
during the transition process from the traditional RB convection with
(so no obstacles included) to Darcy-type porous-media convection with
approaching 0. Simulations are carried out in a cell with unity aspect ratio,
for the Rayleigh number from to and varying porosities
, at a fixed Prandtl number , and we restrict ourselves to the
two dimensional case. For fixed , the Nusselt number is found to vary
non-monotonously as a function of ; namely, with decreasing , it
first increases, before it decreases for approaching 0. The
non-monotonous behaviour of originates from two competing effects of
the porous structure on the heat transfer. On the one hand, the flow coherence
is enhanced in the porous media, which is beneficial for the heat transfer. On
the other hand, the convection is slowed down by the enhanced resistance due to
the porous structure, leading to heat transfer reduction. For fixed ,
depending on , two different heat transfer regimes are identified, with
different effective power-law behaviours of vs , namely, a steep one
for low when viscosity dominates, and the standard classical one for large
. The scaling crossover occurs when the thermal boundary layer thickness
and the pore scale are comparable. The influences of the porous structure on
the temperature and velocity fluctuations, convective heat flux, and energy
dissipation rates are analysed, further demonstrating the competing effects of
the porous structure to enhance or reduce the heat transfer
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