Relationships between binge eating, psychological and behavioral covariates, and health care utilization on college campuses: Results from a national sample of college students

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the factors which moderate service utilization among college students, as well as risk factors for binge eating disorder (BED). Candidate moderators included binge eating, obesity, gender, ethnicity, psychological comorbidity, body image, and emotional dysregulation. Data from the Healthy Minds Study (HMS) 2010 were utilized. Two samples of participants were analyzed: the full HMS 2010 national sample of undergraduate college students (N = 17,995) and a subsample of undergraduate students (N = 969) from Eastern Michigan University (EMU) who participated in the HMS. Results suggested that psychological comorbidity significantly impacted psychological service utilization among HMS respondents with BED. Psychological comorbidity, namely depression and heightened emotional dysregulation, significantly impacted risk for BED among EMU respondents. The implication of these findings is that BED should be targeted for intervention early, as early interventions for BED may prevent the progression into more severe psychopathology

Conversion Disorder

Conversion Disorder: Neurologic symptoms that are inconsistent with a neurologic disease Symptoms cause distress and/or impairment No radiological or laboratory findings for symptoms May have poor outcomes without proper treatmenthttps://digitalcommons.centracare.com/nursing_posters/1145/thumbnail.jp

Relationships between food reinforcement and eating behaviors to bariatric surgery weight loss and substance abuse outcomes

Bariatric surgery is rapidly gaining acceptance among the morbidly obese population, yet studies assessing variables associated with post-surgical outcomes have yielded inconsistent findings. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the association between the relative reinforcing value of food (RRV-F), delay discounting for food (DD-F), and other eating-related and non eating-related variables to post-bariatric surgery percent total weight loss (%TWL) and substance-related outcomes. Participants were a convenience sample of 147 adults with a history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. Using online survey methodology, variables that may contribute to post-surgical %TWL and substance use outcomes were assessed: the RRV-F, DDF, quality of life, and other eating-related variables (food addiction, binge eating, dietary restraint, disinhibition, craving, grazing, nocturnal eating, and emotional eating). The RRV-F was significantly associated with post-bariatric surgery %TWL, while the DD-F was not found to be a valid measure of food-related impulsivity among post-bariatric surgery patients. Weight loss and substance-related outcomes were inversely related, as those who achieved less weight loss were more likely to endorse symptoms of a probable post-surgical substance use disorder (SUD). Dietary restraint and disinhibition were found to influence %TWL, while the eating related variables found to contribute most significantly to a probable post-surgical SUD were nocturnal eating, food addiction, subjective feelings of hunger, and environmental sensitivity to food cues. Family history of substance abuse was also strongly associated with endorsing symptoms of a probable post-surgical SUD. Regarding %TWL outcomes, results suggest strongly advising post-bariatric surgery patients to avoid substance use. With respect to endorsing symptoms of a probable SUD, results have practical implications in that family history of SUD can be easily assessed, and at-risk patients can be advised accordingly. In addition, those who develop post-bariatric surgery SUD appear to have stronger cognitive and behavioral responses to food, providing some support for the concept of addiction transfer

Associations Between Oral and Systemic Health in Long-term Care Residents

Objectives: The aim of this study was to test the association between oral and systemic diseases among residents at a long-term care facility in Western New York. Methods: Dental and medical records of all residents discharged between January 1, 2009 and December 30, 2012 who utilized dental services were reviewed. Information on demographic and socioeconomic variables was extracted from electronic health records. Medical diagnoses at admission were defined using International Classification of Diseases 9 (ICD-9). Information on oral health variables was extracted from patient charts. Oral hygiene (OH, good/fair vs. poor), the number of teeth, root tips, and broken teeth, as well as the presence or absence of periodontal disease (PD), dental caries, dentures, ill-fitting dentures, oral soft-tissue lesions, mouth odor, and pain were assessed by a single dentist. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were derived from multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 221 residents received dental services, 219 (99.1%) Caucasians, and 167 (75.6%) females. The mean age at admission was 83.34±8.47 years, length of stay 4.79±4.63 years, and body mass index 27.04±7.79 kg/m 2. After adjustment for age at admission, gender, race, marital status, and body mass index, 1) diabetes mellitus was associated with poor OH (OR=4.67, 95% CI: 1.09-19.95) and PD (OR=6.34, 95% CI: 1.51-26.57); 2) respiratory diseases was associated with full denture (OR=2.89, 95% CI: 1.02-8.18); 3) genitourinary diseases was associated with full denture (OR=8.28, 95% CI: 1.18-58.21) and oral lesions (OR=33.53, 95% CI: 1.20-934.59); and 4) dementia was associated with poor OH (OR=4.74, 95% CI: 1.44-15.65) and PD (OR=3.69, 95% CI: 1.25-10.90). There were no significant associations between remaining oral variables and systemic diseases. Conclusions: This study suggests that inflammatory oral conditions are associated with dementia, diabetes mellitus, and respiratory and genitourinary diseases in long-term care residents

Revising a Patient Medication Program to Improve Medication Adherence and Patient Outcomes

To improve education and understanding of medications in order to improve overall quality of care, to ensure our patients stay healthy and retain the gains they made during their rehabilitation stay, and to decrease readmission rates.https://digitalcommons.centracare.com/nursing_posters/1023/thumbnail.jp

A Practical Solution to the Challenges of Rehabilitation Nursing Documentation

To evaluate and improve the daily progress note template in rehabilitation nursing documentation.https://digitalcommons.centracare.com/nursing_posters/1007/thumbnail.jp

Tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme activities in a mouse model of methylmalonic aciduria

Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a propionate pathway disorder caused by dysfunction of the mitochondrial enzyme methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MMUT). MMUT catalyzes the conversion of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA, an anaplerotic reaction which feeds into the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. As part of the pathological mechanisms of MMA, previous studies have suggested there is decreased TCA activity due to a toxic inhibition of TCA cycle enzymes by MMA related metabolites, in addition to reduced anaplerosis. Here, we have utilized mitochondria isolated from livers of a mouse model of MMA (Mut-ko/ki) and their littermate controls (Ki/wt) to examine the amounts and enzyme functions of most of the TCA cycle enzymes. We have performed mRNA quantification, protein semi-quantitation, and enzyme activity quantification for TCA cycle enzymes in these samples. Expression profiling showed increased mRNA levels of fumarate hydratase in the Mut-ko/ki samples, which by contrast had reduced protein levels as detected by immunoblot, while all other mRNA levels were unaltered. Immunoblotting also revealed decreased protein levels of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase 2. Interesting, the decreased protein amount of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase was reflected in decreased activity for this enzyme while there is a trend towards decreased activity of fumarate hydratase and malate dehydrogenase 2. Citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase 2/3, succinyl-CoA synthase, and succinate dehydrogenase are not statistically different in terms of quantity of enzyme or activity. Finally, we found decreased activity when examining the function of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase in series with succinate synthase and succinate dehydrogenase in the Mut-ko/ki mice compared to their littermate controls, as expected. This study demonstrates decreased activity of certain TCA cycle enzymes and by corollary decreased TCA cycle function, but it supports decreased protein quantity rather than toxic inhibition as the underlying mechanism of action. SUMMARY: Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is an inborn metabolic disorder of propionate catabolism. In this disorder, toxic metabolites are considered to be the major pathogenic mechanism for acute and long-term complications. However, despite optimized therapies aimed at reducing metabolite levels, patients continue to suffer from late complications, including metabolic stroke and renal insufficiency. Since the propionate pathway feeds into the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, we investigated TCA cycle function in a constitutive MMA mouse model. We demonstrated decreased amounts of the TCA enzymes, Mdh2 and Ogdh as semi-quantified by immunoblot. Enzymatic activity of Ogdh is also decreased in the MMA mouse model compared to controls. Thus, when the enzyme amounts are decreased, we see the enzymatic activity also decreased to a similar extent for Ogdh. Further studies to elucidate the structural and/or functional links between the TCA cycle and propionate pathways might lead to new treatment approaches for MMA patients

Tendencias globales en la educación universitaria: Una mirada desde el liderazgo transformacional

This article aims to publicize the state of the art of global trends in university education with a view from the transformational leadership. This essay of argumentative character exposes the great problems that impact humanity, which need to be addressed - in addition to the State and companies - by the universities, given that they have played an important role in their solution, making profound changes to respond to the demands of society. It is concluded that to guarantee changes and align with global trends in university education, it is necessary that these institutions modify the way they conduct themselves, through a leadership that allows to transform the conception that one has about reality, for the purposes of be able to align with global trends in this important sector.Este artículo tiene por objeto dar a conocer el estado del arte de las tendencias globales en la educación universitaria con una mirada desde el liderazgo transformacional. Este ensayo de carácter argumentativo expone los grandes problemas que impactan a la humanidad, los cuales requieren ser abordados -además del Estado y las empresas-, por las universidades, dado que han tenido un rol importante en su solución, haciendo cambios profundos para responder a las demandas de la sociedad. Se concluye que para garantizar los cambios y alinearse con las tendencias globales en educación universitaria, es necesario que estas instituciones modifiquen la manera de conducirse, a través de un liderazgo que permita transformar la concepción que se tiene acerca de la realidad, a los fines de poder alinearse con las tendencias globales en este importante sector. &nbsp

Fidget, Sway, and Swerve: Three Works Inspired By Movement From the Intricate Maneuvers Series

Intricate Maneuvers is a series of musical works that were composed using movement as a model for compositional processes and forms. This essay presents in-depth analyses of three works from the series; Fidget, Sway: The Mildest Form of Falling, and Swerve for Chamber Ensemble. The analysis of each work highlights correlations between the musical characteristics of that work and the temporal, spatial, contextual, and psychological implications of the motion after which it was modeled. The third chapter also demonstrates the ways in which the creation of Sway was influenced by materials and processes taken from Ruth Crawford's String Quartet 1931. In order to investigate the question of how life experiences can function as models for compositional processes, the essay examines precedents for the compositional modeling of extra-musical ideas and images in the works of Bed?ich Smetana, Elliott Carter and Roger Reynolds. It also discusses approaches to modeling movement in music created for dance. Throughout the Intricate Maneuvers series, movement is modeled not merely to create an association between a musical work and a particular movement pattern, but rather to infuse the compositions with the dynamism that defines a particular kinetic experience

Diagnostic accuracy of multidetector computed tomography in detection of esophageal varices

Objective To determine the diagnostic accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in the detection of esophageal varices by taking endoscopy as the reference standard. Materials and methods This was a cross-sectional prospective study conducted at the Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, (AKUH) Karachi, for the duration of 12 months from August 1, 2014 to July 31, 2015. One hundred ninety-six patients with a suspicion of chronic liver disease/cirrhosis undergoing 64 slice MDCT were enrolled in our study and underwent computed tomography (CT) scanning in the Department of Radiology at AKUH. Biphasic CT was performed with images obtained during the hepatic arterial phase (30-second delay) and the portal venous phase (65-second delay) after the intravenous (IV) injection of 120 mL of nonionic contrast material at a rate of 3.5 mL/s. The presence of esophageal varices was evaluated on MDCT with endoscopy as gold standard. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value, and accuracy of MDCT were assessed against the gold standard. Results Our results yielded an MDCT sensitivity of 98.96%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 66.67%, and diagnostic accuracy of 98.97% for esophageal varices in chronic liver disease (CLD) patients. Conclusion The rate of detection of esophageal varices in patients with chronic liver disease on MDCT in our country is comparable to the international data and we advocate that MDCT should be used as a screening tool in patients with chronic liver disease to exclude esophageal varices