A psychological study of recognition to "Japanese Culture" : A comparison between native speakers of Japanese and Japanese language learners

Culture Studies in Japanese as a second language is still made by trial and error. The data seems to reflect that most classes are prepared and taught according to the instructor's own discretion. I surveyed the recognition to "Japanese Culture" by question-naire to search for some clues for modeling "Culture Studies". A survey was carried out and compiled using 24 questions based on the analysis of six Japanese textbooks. The examinees are native speakers of Japanese and Japanese language learners. The data was analyzed using factor analysis. The findings of the survey were that the factor-structure of recognition to "Japanese Culture" is different between native speakers of Japanese and Japanese language learners, whereas they also have a common view of the culture

日本語教科書で扱われる「日本文化」の認識 : 日本語教師と日本語学習者,日本人大学生の相互比較

広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(教育学)Pedagogydoctora

Program guide proposal for foreign students to support adaptation to Japanese culture

Students studying at Japanese language schools in Japan do not have enough time available to improve their verbal communication ability using the present curriculum. This is overwhelming for them due to the fact of their extensive cramming for the entrance exams forth coming. The most important resource for students living in Japan is their communication skills and the ability to adjust to their new environment here in Japan. The curriculum should reflect this and should be one that supports the adaptation to Japanese culture with the consideration of their homeland in mind

Specific Increase in Joint Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Its Relation to Interleukin 6 in Autoimmune Arthritis

Neutrophils and their extracellular traps have been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the detailed mechanisms in joints are still unclear, and their regulation remains to be solved. Here, we explored neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)osis in experimental models of arthritis and further investigated the effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibition in neutrophils and NETosis. In skins of peptide GPI-induced arthritis (pGIA), citrullinated protein was detected as well as citrullinated histone expression in immunized skin but this was not specific to pGIA. Citrullinated histone expression in pGIA joints was specific to pGIA and was merged with neutrophil elastase, suggesting NETosis. Neutrophils in joints tend to upregulate IL-6 receptors when compared with bone marrow neutrophils. Administration of mouse anti-IL-6 receptor antibodies in pGIA suppressed arthritis in association with a decrease in neutrophil infiltration and NETosis in joints. In the plasma of RA patients, citrullinated protein was significantly reduced after tocilizumab treatment. Our results suggest that IL-6 enhances neutrophil chemotaxis and NETosis in inflammatory joints and could be the source of citrullinated proteins