Triticale Fed to Finishing Pigsin Hoop Barns

Triticale is a synthetic small grain made by crossing durum wheat and rye. Triticale has more crude protein and an amino acid profile that more closely matches the needs of the finishing pig than corn. Using triticale as an ingredient in swine diets decreases the amount of soybean meal needed to meet the amino acid needs of the pig, compared to corn-based diets. There have been conflicting results on the effects of feeding triticale to finishing pigs. Some studies reported similar pig performance when triticale replaced corn as the dietary grain source, while others have shown decreased performance. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of triticale-based diets in deep-bedded hoop barns on finishing pig performance

Effects of Triticale-Based Diets on Finishing Pig Performance and Pork Quality in Deep-Bedded Hoop Barns

Effects of triticale-based diets on finishing pig performance and pork quality in deep-bedded hoop barns were evaluated. Triticale is a synthetic small grain resulting from a cross between durum wheat and rye. The study consisted of four trials: two in winter (November 2003 through March 2004) and two in summer (May 2004 through September 2004) at the ISU Western Research and Demonstration Farm, Castana, IA. Each trial consisted of six pens of ten pigs (five barrows, five gilts) in three smallscale hoop barns (6.0 × 10.8 m). Pens were randomly assigned one dietary treatment: 1) corn-soybean meal control, 2) 40% Trical 815 triticale diet (by weight) or 3) 80% Trical 815 triticale diet (by weight). The 40 and 80% triticale diets had corn and soybean meal added. Animals had ad libitum access to feed and water during the study. Pigs were started on experiment at approximately 72 kg and fed for 49 d. At the end of each trial all pigs were scanned for backfat thickness and loin muscle area. Barrows from one winter and one summer trial were evaluated for meat and fat quality and sensory evaluation of pork. End weights and ADG were greater during the winter than summer (treatment × season interaction P \u3c 0.01) and decreased as triticale inclusion increased (P \u3c 0.001). Feed intake was similar. Pigs fed the control diet had the greatest G:F, those fed the 80% triticale diet had the least, with pigs fed the 40% triticale diet having intermediate G:F. During the summer, pigs fed the control diet had more BF (P \u3c 0.05) than those fed the triticale diets. Also during summer, pigs fed the control diet had the largest loin muscle area (LMA) (47.5 ± 1.72 cm2); pigs fed the 40% triticale diet had intermediate LMA (45.5 ± 1.72 cm2) and those fed the 80% triticale diet had the smallest LMA (43.4 ± 1.73 cm2). Dietary treatment had no effect on carcass weight, BF, LMA, percentage lean of barrows or sensory evaluation or fatty acid profile of loin chops. Ultimate pH was higher (P \u3c 0.001), percentage loin purge was less (P \u3c 0.05) and shear force (kg) was less (P \u3c 0.05) during summer than winter. Total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were greater (P \u3c 0.05) and total PUFA in loins were less (P \u3c 0.01) during the winter than summer. Replacing corn with triticale in finishing pig diets in hoops slightly decreased growth performance, but did not affect pork quality. Increasing the amount of triticale in finishing pig diets decreased dietary soybean meal and dicalcium phosphate levels. This may reduce dietary costs. However, pigs fed triticale had 10% less average daily gain and 13% poorer feed conversion at the greater inclusion rate (80% of the diet). This may offset the potentially lower dietary costs. Triticale can be fed to pigs without compromising pork or fat quality. There was no difference in pork eating quality from pigs fed corn-based or triticale-based diets, according to a trained sensory evaluation panel. Further research on triticale-based swine diets is warranted. Triticale-based diets in deep-bedded hoop barns should be evaluated when dietary fat is added, as finishing pig performance may be enhanced. An economic analysis should be conducted on utilization of triticale as a feedstuff in swine diets fed to finishing pigs in deep-bedded hoop barns. From the results of this study, triticale has potential as a feed grain crop in integrated crop and livestock enterprises in the Midwest U. S

Effects of Triticale-Based Diets fed in Deep-Bedded Hoop Barns on Finishing Pig Performance and Pork Quality

Triticale is a synthetic small grain that results from an intergeneric cross between durum wheat and rye. Triticale has shown potential as a feedstuff in swine diets. Producers who may find this to be an attractive crop may also raise swine in an alternative swine production system. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of triticale-based diets on pork quality and finishing pig performance of pigs reared in deep-bedded hoop barns

Triticale Fed to Finishing Pigs in Hoop Barns

Effects of triticale-based diets on finishing pig performance in deep-bedded hoop barns were evaluated. Triticale is a synthetic small grain resulting from a cross between durum wheat and rye. The study consisted of eight trials: four in winter (October through March) and four in summer (April through September) at the ISU Western Research and Demonstration Farm, Castana, IA. Each trial consisted of six pens of ten pigs (five barrows, five gilts) in three small-scale hoop barns. Pens were randomly assigned one dietary treatment: 1) corn-soybean meal control, 2) 40% triticale diet (by weight) or 3) 80% triticale diet (by weight). The 40 and 80% triticale diets had corn and soybean meal added. Pigs had ad libitum access to feed and water during the study. Pigs were started on experiment at approximately 150–160 lb and fed for 49 d. At the end of each trial all pigs were scanned for backfat thickness and loin muscle area. Pigs fed the corn-soy diet grew faster than pigs fed the 80% triticale diets. During summer, average daily feed intake was similar for all diets, but during the winter the pigs fed corn-soy ate less and those fed the 80% triticale diet ate more. The feed efficiency (lb of feed per lb of live weight gain) was best for the corn-soy diet and poorest for the 80% triticale diet. When the backfat and loin muscle area were adjusted to a standard live weight of 250 lb, backfat did not differ, but the pigs fed corn-soy diet had larger loin areas than the pigs fed 80% triticale diets. The calculated percentage of carcass lean was similar for all diets, but calculated lean gain per day was greatest for pigs fed the corn-soy diet. Based on these results, triticale inclusion rates of 30 to 50% of the total diet for finishing pigs may result in similar pig performance as corn-soy diets. Higher inclusion rates, approximately 80%, may result in slower gains, poorer feed efficiency, and smaller loin areas. However, triticale-based diets may be lower cost than corn-soy diets because less soy meal, dicalcium phosphate, and corn would be needed in the diet when triticale is added.</p

Triticale Fed to Finishing Pigs in Hoop Barns

Triticale is a synthetic small grain made by crossing durum wheat and rye. Triticale has more crude protein and an amino acid profile that more closely matches the needs of the finishing pig than corn. Using triticale as an ingredient in swine diets decreases the amount of soybean meal needed to meet the amino acid needs of the pig, compared to corn-based diets. There have been conflicting results on the effects of feeding triticale to finishing pigs. Some studies reported similar pig performance when triticale replaced corn as the dietary grain source, while others have shown decreased performance. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of triticale-based diets in deep-bedded hoop barns on finishing pig performance.</p

Effects of Triticale-Based Diets on Finishing Pig Performance and Pork Quality in Deep-Bedded Hoop Barns

Effects of triticale-based diets on finishing pig performance and pork quality in deep-bedded hoop barns were evaluated. Triticale is a synthetic small grain resulting from a cross between durum wheat and rye. The study consisted of four trials: two in winter (November 2003 through March 2004) and two in summer (May 2004 through September 2004) at the ISU Western Research and Demonstration Farm, Castana, IA. Each trial consisted of six pens of ten pigs (five barrows, five gilts) in three smallscale hoop barns (6.0 × 10.8 m). Pens were randomly assigned one dietary treatment: 1) corn-soybean meal control, 2) 40% Trical 815 triticale diet (by weight) or 3) 80% Trical 815 triticale diet (by weight). The 40 and 80% triticale diets had corn and soybean meal added. Animals had ad libitum access to feed and water during the study. Pigs were started on experiment at approximately 72 kg and fed for 49 d. At the end of each trial all pigs were scanned for backfat thickness and loin muscle area. Barrows from one winter and one summer trial were evaluated for meat and fat quality and sensory evaluation of pork. End weights and ADG were greater during the winter than summer (treatment × season interaction P < 0.01) and decreased as triticale inclusion increased (P < 0.001). Feed intake was similar. Pigs fed the control diet had the greatest G:F, those fed the 80% triticale diet had the least, with pigs fed the 40% triticale diet having intermediate G:F. During the summer, pigs fed the control diet had more BF (P < 0.05) than those fed the triticale diets. Also during summer, pigs fed the control diet had the largest loin muscle area (LMA) (47.5 ± 1.72 cm2); pigs fed the 40% triticale diet had intermediate LMA (45.5 ± 1.72 cm2) and those fed the 80% triticale diet had the smallest LMA (43.4 ± 1.73 cm2). Dietary treatment had no effect on carcass weight, BF, LMA, percentage lean of barrows or sensory evaluation or fatty acid profile of loin chops. Ultimate pH was higher (P < 0.001), percentage loin purge was less (P < 0.05) and shear force (kg) was less (P < 0.05) during summer than winter. Total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were greater (P < 0.05) and total PUFA in loins were less (P < 0.01) during the winter than summer. Replacing corn with triticale in finishing pig diets in hoops slightly decreased growth performance, but did not affect pork quality. Increasing the amount of triticale in finishing pig diets decreased dietary soybean meal and dicalcium phosphate levels. This may reduce dietary costs. However, pigs fed triticale had 10% less average daily gain and 13% poorer feed conversion at the greater inclusion rate (80% of the diet). This may offset the potentially lower dietary costs. Triticale can be fed to pigs without compromising pork or fat quality. There was no difference in pork eating quality from pigs fed corn-based or triticale-based diets, according to a trained sensory evaluation panel. Further research on triticale-based swine diets is warranted. Triticale-based diets in deep-bedded hoop barns should be evaluated when dietary fat is added, as finishing pig performance may be enhanced. An economic analysis should be conducted on utilization of triticale as a feedstuff in swine diets fed to finishing pigs in deep-bedded hoop barns. From the results of this study, triticale has potential as a feed grain crop in integrated crop and livestock enterprises in the Midwest U. S.</p

Effects of Triticale-Based Diets fed in Deep-Bedded Hoop Barns on Finishing Pig Performance and Pork Quality

Triticale is a synthetic small grain that results from an intergeneric cross between durum wheat and rye. Triticale has shown potential as a feedstuff in swine diets. Producers who may find this to be an attractive crop may also raise swine in an alternative swine production system. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of triticale-based diets on pork quality and finishing pig performance of pigs reared in deep-bedded hoop barns.</p

CMS : the TriDAS Project Technical Design Report; v.1, the Trigger Systems

CM