Characterization of tar generated from the mixture of municipal solid waste and coal pyrolysis at 800 oC

Nowadays, comprehensive perception of the tar characteristics generated from municipal solid waste (MSW) and coal to guide pyrolysis or gasification gas yield upgrading and cleaning has attracted massive research attention. In this study, MSW and coal samples were chosen as principal components. The mixture of these products was pyrolyzed in a horizontal tube furnace at 800 °C with a heating rate of 20 °C/min. The tar derived from the pyrolysis of this mixture was further studied. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS)coupled with a trace GC and a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer was applied to investigate the tar composition and characterization along with their molecular chemical structures. 1H and 13C NMR spectra indicated that the functional groups of the tar derived from the mixture of MSW and coal were dominant at the resonances of 0.9–1.8 ppm, 1.5–2.6 ppm and 3.8–4.1 ppm for 1H, 10–40 ppm and 60–80 ppm for 13C. The results from GC–MS showed that the tar derived from the mixture of MSW and coal contained about 20 major chemical compounds such as benzene, methyl isobutyl, toluene, xylene, phenol, cresol, naphthalene and others

THERMOGRAVIMETRIC STUDY OF REFUSE DERIVED FUEL PRODUCED FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE OF KAZAKHSTAN

Efficient waste management, including proper utilization of municipal solid waste (MSW), is imperative for a sustainable future. Among several management options, pyrolysis and combustion of MSW has regained interest because of improved combustion techniques. This work aims to investigate the thermal conversion and combustion characteristics of refuse derived solid fuel (RDF) samples and its individual compounds collected from Nur-Sultan’s MSW landfills....

Intensification of the Wastewater Treatment Process of a Bitumen Plant with the Production of Recycled Water

The increasing demand for water with the industrialisation of the world is becoming a major problem as there is a water shortage all over the earth. Therefore, the water problem is one of the important problems that need to be effectively solved. This paper presents the results of research on wastewater treatment of bitumen production in the Mangystau region, which after physical and chemical treatment methods is sent to natural evaporation fields. As a result of research work, a method of wastewater treatment of bitumen plant was developed, which includes two stages: distillation of water on the solar plant and ozonation in order to oxidize volatile organic matter. Distillation to obtain primary treated water of 70–75% volume was carried out at 33–37 °C ambient temperature and 15–30 kPa rarefaction, at the same time COD of water was reduced by 68%

The Influence of Abiotic Factors on Organisms-Hydrobionts of Activated Sludge

Rational use of water resources is one of the urgent problems for arid regions of Kazakhstan. The biocenosis of activated sludge of urban sewage treatment plants in Zhanaozen periodically encounters stressful situations associated with violation of the operating mode of equipment or emergency discharges of toxicants into the sewage treatment plant system. It has been established that with sharp fluctuations in the physicochemical parameters of aqueous solutions, protozoal organisms are primarily eliminated from the composition of activated sludge. This pattern was noted with an increase in the content of ammonium nitrogen, phosphorus, monoethanolamine and pH fluctuations in wastewater. Under the conditions of a 10-month period of active insolation in Western Kazakhstan, the species diversity of the algoflora of activated sludge correlates with the duration of daylight hours, while it was found that diatoms predominate in the autumn-winter period of the year, blue-green and green algae predominate in the spring-summer period