Mongolian higher education in transition. Planning and responding under conditions of rapid change

This article provides an overview on higher education reform in Mongolia since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. Drawing upon the main elements of the most recent World Bank higher education policy statement the authors present their analysis along the four dimensions of institutional and financial diversification, the redefinition of the role of government and the intended improvement of quality, access and equity. By contrasting the World Bank\u27s policy recommendations with reform initiative and results of the Mongolian govemment the article identifies the Mongolian experience as a successful case of adapting and modifying donor orientations according to the recipients\u27 particular circumstances. (DIPF/Orig.

The Influence of Teachers’ Professional Development Activities on the Factors Promoting ICT Integration in Primary Schools in Mongolia

This paper examines the influences of professional development activities on important teacher-level factors that are important for the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education for primary school teachers in Mongolia. The study utilizes the survey data collected in 2012 (n = 826) and 2016 (n = 1161) to identify the changes in factors that are important to the use of ICT in education. The study result shows that six teacher level factors that are important for the ICT integration have been improved over time through professional development activities. These are professional competency in educational use of ICT, collaboration for ICT integration, benefits on use of ICT, autonomy to innovate, recognition as a professional, and skills and practices in educational use of ICT. This provides supporting evidence to educational practitioners for the implementation of effective professional development programs to promote ICT integration in education, especially in the developing country’s context