Observation of hard scattering in photoproduction events with a large rapidity gap at HERA

Events with a large rapidity gap and total transverse energy greater than 5 GeV have been observed in quasi-real photoproduction at HERA with the ZEUS detector. The distribution of these events as a function of the $\gamma p$ centre of mass energy is consistent with diffractive scattering. For total transverse energies above 12 GeV, the hadronic final states show predominantly a two-jet structure with each jet having a transverse energy greater than 4 GeV. For the two-jet events, little energy flow is found outside the jets. This observation is consistent with the hard scattering of a quasi-real photon with a colourless object in the proton.Comment: 19 pages, latex, 4 figures appended as uuencoded fil

Fabrication of high aspect ratio nanostructures using capillary force lithography

A new ultraviolet (UV) curable mold consisting of fanctionalized polyurethane with acrylate group (MINS101m, Minuta Tech.) has recently been introduced as an alternative to replace polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold for sub-100-nm lithography. Here, we demonstrate that this mold allows for fabrication of various high aspect ratio nanostructures with an aspect ratio as high as 4.4 for 80 nm nanopillars. For the patterning method, we used capillary force lithography (CFL) involving direct placement of a polyurethane acrylate mold onto a spin-coated polymer film followed by raising the temperature above the glass transition temperature of the polymer (T). For the patterning materials, thermoplastic resins such as polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and a zinc oxide (ZnO) precursor were used. For the polymer, micro/nanoscale hierarchical structures were fabricated by using sequential application of the same method, which is potentially useful for mimicking functional surfaces such as lotus leafclose6

Optimal design of hierarchic components platform under hybrid modular architecture

10.1177/1063293X09352122Concurrent Engineering Research and Applications174267-277CRAP

Metal-Affinity Separations: A New Dimension in Protein Processing

Rapid growth in the preparative and high-resolution analytical applications of metal-affinity chromatography demonstrate the appeal of metal recognition as a basis for protein separations. Stable, inexpensive chelated metals effectively mimic bio-specific interactions, providing selective ligands for protein binding. This article reviews recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of metal-protein recognition that underlie metal-affinity separations. Also discussed are schemes for integrating metal-affinity purifications into the expression and bioprocessing of re-combinant proteins. Promising future developments include new metal-affinity processes for analytical and preparative-scale separations and a range of techniques for enhancing the selectivity of metal-affinity separations