Microstructural Analysis of Terbium Doped Zirconia and Its Biological Studies

Zirconia has its place in the biomedical industry because of its mechanical strength, bio-inertness, and physiochemical properties. Zirconia was synthesized and doped with Terbium (Tb), a lanthanide that was reported to show a photoluminescence property, which was a major characteristic for carcinogenic studies. Zirconia and Tb doped Zirconia were synthesized using the co-precipitation technique and were sintered at a temperature ranging from 900 to 1200 °C. The Zirconia sample and Tb doped Zirconia were thus studied for structural diversities using the X-ray powder diffraction technique (XRD), FTIR, FE-SEM, and TEM. From XRD, Zirconia phase transformation from monoclinic to tetragonal phase was observed, which signified limited fracture, elasticity, and crack formation. It was evident that Terbium stabilized the tetragonal phase of Zirconia, which reportedly shows mechanical properties, which include fracture toughness and flexural strength. The particle size of the Zirconia was comparatively more than the Tb doped Zirconia. The particle size of Zirconia ranged between 176 nm and 393 nm and the particle size of Tb doped Zirconia ranged between 110 nm and 343 nm. The biocompatibility of both the samples was tested using an Mg-63 cell line, and the cell viability was observed to be higher in Tb doped Zirconia when compared to the undoped Zirconia sample

Microstructural Analysis of Terbium Doped Zirconia and Its Biological Studies

Zirconia has its place in the biomedical industry because of its mechanical strength, bio-inertness, and physiochemical properties. Zirconia was synthesized and doped with Terbium (Tb), a lanthanide that was reported to show a photoluminescence property, which was a major characteristic for carcinogenic studies. Zirconia and Tb doped Zirconia were synthesized using the co-precipitation technique and were sintered at a temperature ranging from 900 to 1200 °C. The Zirconia sample and Tb doped Zirconia were thus studied for structural diversities using the X-ray powder diffraction technique (XRD), FTIR, FE-SEM, and TEM. From XRD, Zirconia phase transformation from monoclinic to tetragonal phase was observed, which signified limited fracture, elasticity, and crack formation. It was evident that Terbium stabilized the tetragonal phase of Zirconia, which reportedly shows mechanical properties, which include fracture toughness and flexural strength. The particle size of the Zirconia was comparatively more than the Tb doped Zirconia. The particle size of Zirconia ranged between 176 nm and 393 nm and the particle size of Tb doped Zirconia ranged between 110 nm and 343 nm. The biocompatibility of both the samples was tested using an Mg-63 cell line, and the cell viability was observed to be higher in Tb doped Zirconia when compared to the undoped Zirconia sample

Bacterial adherence and biofilm formation on medical implants: a review

Biofilms are a complex group of microbial cells that adhere to the exopolysaccharide matrix present on the surface of medical devices. Biofilm-associated infections in the medical devices pose a serious problem to the public health and adversely affect the function of the device. Medical implants used in oral and orthopedic surgery are fabricated using alloys such as stainless steel and titanium. The biological behavior, such as osseointegration and its antibacterial activity, essentially depends on both the chemical composition and the morphology of the surface of the device. Surface treatment of medical implants by various physical and chemical techniques are attempted in order to improve their surface properties so as to facilitate bio-integration and prevent bacterial adhesion. The potential source of infection of the surrounding tissue and antimicrobial strategies are from bacteria adherent to or in a biofilm on the implant which should prevent both biofilm formation and tissue colonization. This article provides an overview of bacterial biofilm formation and methods adopted for the inhibition of bacterial adhesion on medical implant