Isothermal and Near Isothermal Processing of Titanium Alloys

Isothermal and near isothermal forging are specialized metal processing techniques which are used for producing critical aeroengine components out of advanced materials such as titanium alloys. The process can be used to produce net / near net shape components leading to optimum utilization of materials. As titanium alloys are highly sensitive to temperature and strain rate, these processes help to deform them under slow and controlled strain rates.  Further, these processes can be combined with other conventional and non conventional metal forming processes to refine the microstructure. For example, multiaxial isothermal forging coupled with pack rolling can be used to produce thin sheets out of titanium alloys with submicron grain size. The refined structure exhibits superplastic characteristics at low temperatures and high strain rates. This lower temperature superplastic characteristic can be exploited to establish technologies for producing various components. The paper throws light on the capabilities of isothermal forging process and its variants.Defence Science Journal, 2011, 61(1), pp.72-80, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.61.32

Oral hygiene practices and habits among dental students and staff in a dental college, India.

Introduction: Oral health is an essential component of general health in one's life. Oral self practices are very effective in keeping up one's good oral health from an individual's point of view. Such hygienic conditions prevent many oral diseases from happening or control them from damaging oral health adversely. Aim: To investigate the oral hygiene practices and habits among dental students and staff in a dental college. Materials and methods:  A survey with the aid of specially designed questionnaire was made anonymously, in order to assess the oral health behaviour among these people. Results: A number of 425 dental students as well as faculty members was investigated. Only 34.9% of students and faculty members are following oral self health habits strictly.    It was also observed that the staff members were very much concerned about oral hygiene rather than students were. Conclusion: The results show that dental students need a lot of awareness in their oral self hygiene.  Awareness programmes  must be conducted frequently to boost up the oral self hygiene practices among them for many good reasons

Grafting of vinyl monomers onto poly (methacryonitrile) and copolymers of methacrylonitrile with methacrylates

This article does not have an abstract

Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of maxillary sinus

Paranasal sinus malignancies are exceedingly rare. Chronic respiratory tract infections, nasal congestive symptoms and minosinusitis are much more prevalent in recent days and manifest many symptoms that overlap with those of sinus malignancy. Symptoms may be nonspecific and indolent for months or even years, leading to delay in diagnosis and consequent advanced diseased stage at presentation. The majority of maxillary sinus tumors in the literature have presented with advanced stage, resulting in generally poor survival outcomes- Hence, it is imperative that maxillofacial stomatologist should be aware of sinus pathologies, to diagnose early and it should alert them to include in differential diagnosis

Impact of oral diseases on quality of life in subjects attending out-patient department of a dental hospital, India

Context: Currently there is a growing interest in oral health outcomes in how oral health affects quality of life. When oral health related quality of life measures are used alongside traditional clinical methods of measuring oral health status, a more comprehensive assessment of the impact of oral diseases on the several dimensions of subjective wellbeing becomes possible. In this context, we attempted to study the impact of oral diseases on quality of life, so as to address the patient′s needs in an appropriate way and thereby improving one′s quality of life. Aims: To evaluate the impact of different oral diseases on quality of life using a modified OHIP-14 questionnaire, so as to address the patient′s needs in an appropriate way and thereby improving one′s quality of life. Settings and Design: The study was carried out among 302 subjects, attending the outpatient department a dental hospital, India, for check up and treatment of their oral condition. Subjects aged above 20 years, who gave their consent for the study were included. Materials and Methods: The study sample was categorized in to two groups based upon the duration of the affecting disease - group 1 consisted of subjects suffering with chronic diseases and group 2 of subjects suffering with acute diseases. All the subjects were asked to fill up their responses in the given OHIP-14 questionnaires. The completed questionnaires were then collected and statistically analyzed. Statistical Analysis Used: To evaluate the role of age on QOL, age was divided in to 2 groups using median split procedure. For inter and intragroup comparisions, independent sample t test, anova followed by post hoc test and Chi-square tests were employed. Results: Chi square test revealed a moderately impaired quality of life among all the diseases investigated. On comparing the mean domain and total OHIP score between the two groups, the domain of psychological discomfort and disability and the total OHIP score showed statistically significant values in acute diseases. However, no significant differences were obtained on comparing the grades of QOL in between the two groups. Conclusions: Oral health related quality of life is moderately impaired among those suffering with oral diseases. Routine evaluation using patient centred measures like Oral health Impact Profile during clinical activity is feasible, and provides relevant and useful information for the clinical management of patients with oral mucosa pathology