Externship Demographics Across Two Decades With Lessons for Future Surveys

Sudeb Basu (J.D., Catholic University, 2011) and Professor J.P. “Sandy” Ogilvy (Catholic University) report on the results of a 2007-2009 national survey of externship programs at American law schools and compare many of the data points to previous surveys of externship programs, the 2007-2008 CSALE survey, and some ABA/LSAC data, to chart the growth and increasing sophistication and complexity of the pedagogy associated with legal externships. Some of the data discussed include limits on the number of externship credits or externship courses, student involvement in externships, the distribution of credits awarded for externship courses, the average number of hours of fieldwork required for each credit, locale and organization type and subject matter or setting restrictions on field placements, the percentage of courses with a contemporaneous classroom component or seminar, the typical length of class sessions, the nature and percentage of time devoted to discrete topics in the classroom components, the type and percentage of time devoted to specific methods of instruction in the classroom component, the type of materials used, the use of reflective journals, grading practices, faculty status of externship course teachers, administrative support for externship programs, and methods of evaluation of externship placements. The authors recommend clarifications and improvements in data collection and processing for future surveys

Onset of deformation at N=112N = 112 in Bi nuclei

The high spin states in $^{195}$Bi has been studied by $\gamma$-ray spectroscopic method using the $^{181}$Ta($^{20}$Ne, 6n) fusion evaporation reaction at 130 MeV. The $\gamma\gamma$ coincidence data were taken using an array of 8 clover HPGe detectors. The spin and parity assignments of the excited states have been made from the measured directional correlation from oriented states (DCO) ratios and integrated polarization asymmetry (IPDCO) ratios. The results show, for the first time, the evidence of a rotational like band based on a 13/2$^+$ band head in this nucleus, indicating the onset of deformation at neutron number $N = 112$ for the Bismuth isotopes. The results obtained were found to be consistent with the prediction of the total Routhian surface calculations using Woods Saxon potential. The same calculations also predict a change in shape from oblate to triaxial in $^{195}$Bi at high rotational frequency