Analysis of Growth and Identifications of the Determinants of Crime against Women: Insight from India

The pattern of growth of crime against women across 19 Indian states during the period 2001- 2015 reveals that states like West Bengal and Assam have the largest growth rate of crime against women, while Tamil Nadu shows negative growth, suggesting an efficient utilisation of crime control measures by the state. While exploring the role of different socioeconomic factors that largely influence crime against women, by using econometric analysis it has been identified that female education and the size of the female Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) population have strong positive roles in increasing crime against women but the sex ratio, urbanization, and female workforce participation has a negative impact on it. The prevalence of power relation and intersectionality of crime against women can be addressed through appropriate structural policy

Improving Service Delay in Smart Parking System in Smart Cities with 5G

Rapid urbanization and population growth leads to substantial increase in vehicular traffic while reducing empty spaces. This necessitates an enhanced parking systems to efficiently address the parking space management. The smart city and Internet of Things (IoT) holds a very high potential to solve this problem. However, the data traffic generation at the edge is increasing rapidly. Tremendous growth in IoT is putting a high congestion on cloud services. To ease up the congestion issue, we have proposed an efficient fog-based communication model for the smart city parking management. In this work, we have proposed a parking system management model based on 5G with low latency and green communication. Our model reduces congestion at the cloud and enable faster processing by addressing the parking system locally. Furthermore, our model finds out the nearby parking without putting additional load to the cloud. Simulation result shows the performance efficiency of the proposed model in terms of response time, average cost and service delay

M402, a Novel Heparan Sulfate Mimetic, Targets Multiple Pathways Implicated in Tumor Progression and Metastasis

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) play a key role in shaping the tumor microenvironment by presenting growth factors, cytokines, and other soluble factors that are critical for host cell recruitment and activation, as well as promoting tumor progression, metastasis, and survival. M402 is a rationally engineered, non-cytotoxic heparan sulfate (HS) mimetic, designed to inhibit multiple factors implicated in tumor-host cell interactions, including VEGF, FGF2, SDF-1α, P-selectin, and heparanase. A single s.c. dose of M402 effectively inhibited seeding of B16F10 murine melanoma cells to the lung in an experimental metastasis model. Fluorescent-labeled M402 demonstrated selective accumulation in the primary tumor. Immunohistological analyses of the primary tumor revealed a decrease in microvessel density in M402 treated animals, suggesting anti-angiogenesis to be one of the mechanisms involved in-vivo. M402 treatment also normalized circulating levels of myeloid derived suppressor cells in tumor bearing mice. Chronic administration of M402, alone or in combination with cisplatin or docetaxel, inhibited spontaneous metastasis and prolonged survival in an orthotopic 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma model. These data demonstrate that modulating HSPG biology represents a novel approach to target multiple factors involved in tumor progression and metastasis

Effect of Arsenic on Protein of a Short Horned Grasshopper, Oxya velox (Fabricius, 1787)

Short horned grasshopper, Oxya velox were exposed to various doses of sodium arsenate and exhibit a signifi cant ( p < 0.05) dose dependent increase in protein of both gut wall and ovary. Study revealed that the amount of protein increased with the increasing doses of arsenic in comparison to control. The increase in the protein level was probably due to check the effect of toxicant and tries to recover from the stress of arsenic at various doses which indicated that arsenic may be considered as an essential trace element for this grasshopper, which was established for the fi rst time in such type of insect who regarded as primary consumer in the terrestrial ecosystem

Scaling–up public sector childhood diarrhea management program: Lessons from Indian states of Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar

Diarrhea remains a leading cause of death among children under five in India. Public health sector is an important source for diarrhea treatment with oral rehydration salts (ORS) and zinc. In 2010, Micronutrient Initiative started a project to improve service delivery for childhood diarrhea management through public health sector in Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Bihar. This paper aims to highlight feasible strategies, experiences and lessons learned from scaling–up zinc and ORS for childhood diarrhea management in the public sector in three Indian states. The project was implemented in six districts of Gujarat, 12 districts of UP and 15 districts of Bihar, which includes 10.5 million children. Program strategies included capacity building of health care providers, expanding service delivery through community health workers (CHWs), providing supportive supervision to CHWs, ensuring supplies and conducting monitoring and evaluation. The lessons described in this paper are based on program data, government documents and studies that were used to generate evidence and inform program scale–up. 140 000 health personnel, including CHWs, were trained in childhood diarrhea management. During three years, CHWs had sustained knowledge and have treated and reported more than three million children aged 2–59 months having diarrhea, of which 84% were treated with both zinc and ORS. The successful strategies were scaled–up. It is feasible and viable to introduce and scale–up zinc and ORS for childhood diarrhea treatment through public sector. Community–based service delivery, timely and adequate supplies, trained staff and pro–active engagement with government were essential for program success