Frequency and time profiles of metric wave isolated Type I solar noise storm bursts at high spectral and temporal resolution

Type I noise storms constitute a sizeable faction of the active-Sun radio emission component. Observations of isolated instances of such bursts, in the swept-frequency-mode at metric wavelengths, have remained sparse, with several unfilled regions in the frequency coverage. Dynamic spectra of the burst radiation, in the 30 - 130 MHz band, obtained from the recently commissioned digital High Resolution Spectrograph (HRS) at the Gauribidanur Radio Observatory, on account of the superior frequency and time resolution, have unravelled in explicit detail the temporal and spectral profiles of isolated bursts. Apart from presenting details on their fundamental emission features, the time and frequency profile symmetry, with reference to custom-specific Gaussian distributions, has been chosen as the nodal criterion to statistically explain the state of the source regions in the vicinity of magnetic reconnections, the latent excitation agent that contributes to plasma wave energetics, and the quenching phenomenon that causes damping of the burst emission.Comment: 9 pages 7 black and white / grey-scale figures (inclusive of 3 composite). MNRAS - accepte

SYNTHESIS, SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION, AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF DISPIROPYRROLIDINES CONTAINING 2-THIOXOTHIAZOLIDIN-4-ONE NUCLEUS

Objective: Spiro compounds are present in nature, endowed with deep biological activities. Heterocyclic compounds with a pyrrolidine scaffold are one of the paradigms of organic chemistry that exhibits a wide variety of properties and biological functions. Based on these, seven dispiropyrrolidines have been accomplished by [3+2] cycloaddition reaction from acenaphthenequinone and sarcosine with several dipolaro files such as substituted 5-benzylidene-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-ones. Methods: Cycloadducts 4a-g were prepared by conventional method and the structures of the compounds 4a-g were completely characterized by infrared, 1H, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data, and elemental analysis. The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds was carried out by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Results: The dispiropyrrolidines 4a-g were showed a moderate-to-good cytotoxic activity against human cervical cancer lines. Among all the synthesized compounds, 4d was found to be more potent with human cervical cancer line with an half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 5.5 μM. Conclusion: The synthesized compound 4d found to be an excellent activity which is nearly closed to reference drug gemcitabine with an IC50 value of 4.6 μM

Role and acceptability of traditional birth attendants (DAIs) in a rural community in South India

Dais are the traditional birth attendants, conducting deliveries at home in the majority of villages in India. A study was planned to find out the feasibility of utilising the services of the dais in case-finding in Tuberculosis (TB) and for drug delivery to diagnosed patients. As a preliminary step, a survey was done with a view to find out the role and acceptability of the dais by the community in 5% of households in randomly selected 24 of the 48 villages in Sriperumbudur taluk in Tamil Nadu, where a voluntary organisation. "PREPARE" was delivering primary health care through dais. A total of 466 individuals, either the head of the household or any other responsible person available, were interviewed to find out the role and acceptability of the dais by the community. The salient findings of this study are that 83% mentioned that the dais reside in their respective villages. hence the services of the dais were available at ail times and 82 % had stated that the services were useful to them. This background information is essential for health planners so that this task force could be effectively utilised in health programmmes, in the rural areas in India

Knowledge of tuberculosis in a south Indian rural community initially and after health education

A study was undertaken in a south Indian rural community to assess the initial level of knowledge of tuberculosis (TB) and again after providing health education on TB, to evaluate the effectiveness of health education, after 2 years. A total of 466 respondents from 24 randomly selected villages in Sriperumpudur taluk, Tamilnadu were interviewed. The community was then educated about the important aspects of tuberculosis by means of pamphlets, film shows, exhibitions, role plays and group discussions. After 2 years, the respondents were revisited and interviewed using the same interview schedule. There was an overall increase of knowledge on various aspects of TB, ranging from 18% to 58%

An enduring in vitro wound healing phase recipient by bioactive glass-graphene oxide nanocomposites

Bioactive glass (BG) is an interesting topic in soft tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and bonding potential to increase fibroblast cell proliferation, synthesize growth factors, and stimulate granulation tissue development. The proposed BG with and without sodium (Na), prepared by the sol–gel method, is employed in wound healing studies. The BG/graphene oxide (GO) and BG (Na-free)/GO nanocomposites were investigated against fibroblast L929 cells in vitro; the 45S5 BG nanocomposites exhibited desired cell viability (80%), cell proliferation (30%), cell migration (25%), metabolic activity, and wound contraction due to extracellular matrix (ECM) production and enhanced protein release by fibroblast cells. Additionally, the antioxidant assays for BG, BG (Na-free), GO, and BG/GO, BG (Na-free)/GO were evaluated for effective wound healing properties. The results showed decreased inflammation sites in the wound area, assessed by the (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) (DPPH) assay with ~ 80% radical scavenging activity, confirming their anti-inflammatory and improved wound healing properties

Perception of preparedness among primiparous on self-care and infant care before discharge in a private hospital in Malaysia

Primiparous refers to a woman who has given birth for the first time to an infant or infant, alive or stillborn. These primiparous mothers have concerns pertaining to their self-care and their newborn infants' care. These expectations and concerns of Primiparous mothers are unlikely to be met due to a lack of preparedness for information about self-care and infant care. This study aimed to identify the perception of preparedness for self-care and infant care among the primiparous before discharge and the information needs, after delivery in a private hospital in which this study was conducted. This study adopted a cross-sectional and descriptive design to achieve the research objective. The target population was primiparous who had given birth to a healthy baby in a private hospital in Penang. There was a total of 72 participants in this study. Data was collected using a self-develop questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale to generate quantitative data. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. The findings of this study revealed that the perception and understanding of primiparous towards the information provided before discharge from the hospital has not reached a satisfactory level as primiparous were not confident enough with some of the information provided and the needs to be prepared themselves before discharge. Hence, this study concludes that future studies are needed to explore new practices to enhance the quality of maternal health care and promote positive maternal experience and well-being for mother and infant

ESD testing and combdrive snap-in in a MEMS tunable grating under shock and vibration

This work describes a method for tracking the dynamics of electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensitive MEMS structures during ESD events, as well as a model for determining the reduced combdrive snap-in voltage under vibration and shock. We describe our ESD test setup, based on the human body model, and optimized for high impedance devices. A brief description of the MEMS tunable grating, the test structure used here, and its operation is followed by results of the measured complex device dynamics during ESD events. The device fails at a voltage up to four times higher than that required to bring the parts into contact. We then present a model for the snap-in of combfingers under shock and vibration. We combine the results of the analytical model for combdrive snap-in developed here with a shock response model to compute the critical shock acceleration conditions that can result in combdrive snap-in as a function of the operating voltage. We discuss the validity regimes for the combdrive snap-in model and show how restricting the operation voltage below the snap-in voltage is not a sufficient criterion to ensure reliable operation especially in environments with large disturbances

Vibration and shock reliability of MEMS: modeling and experimental validation

A methodology to predict shock and vibration levels that could lead to the failure of MEMS devices is reported as a function of vibration frequency and shock pulse duration. A combined experimental–analytical approach is developed, maintaining the simplicity and insightfulness of analytical methods without compromising on the accuracy characteristic of experimental methods. The minimum frequency-dependent acceleration that will lead to surfaces coming into contact, for vibration or shock inputs, is determined based on measured mode shapes, damping, resonant frequencies, and an analysis of failure modes, thus defining a safe operating region, without requiring shock or vibration testing. This critical acceleration for failure is a strong function of drive voltage, and the safe operating region is predicted for transport (unbiased) and operation (biased condition). The model was experimentally validated for overdamped and underdamped modes of a comb-drive driven SOI-based tunable grating. In-plane and outofplane vibration (up to 65 g) and shock (up to 6000 g) tests were performed for biased and unbiased conditions, and very good agreement was found between predicted and observed critical accelerations