Investigation of Ethyl Acetate Extract/Fractions of Acacia nilotica willd. Ex Del as Potent Antioxidant

This study was planned to evaluate the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extract/fractions of Acacia nilotica Willd. Ex. Del extracted with different solvents of increasing and decreasing order of solvent polarity. The antioxidative activities, including the 1’-1’ diphenylpicryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging effects, hydroxyl radical scavenging potential, chelating ability, reducing power and lipid peroxidation inhibition in rat tissue homogenate were studied in vitro. It was found that the antioxidative effect provided by extract/fractions was strongly concentration dependent and increased on fractionating the extract into water and ethyl acetate fractions. In general, the antioxidative activity increased with increasing extract/fractions concentration to a certain extent, and then leveled off with further increase in antioxidant activity. From a comparison of the antioxidant potential and IC 50 values for different antioxidative reactions, it seemed that extract/fractions were more effective in scavenging DPPH and hydroxyl radicals than reducing, chelating heavy metals and lipid peroxidation inhibitory potential

Rayleigh-Ritz method for analyzing free vibration of orthotropic rectangular plate with 2D thickness and temperature variation

A plate structure is of key interest to aerospace, mechanical and civil engineers. Vibration reduction is a major challenge pertaining to these fields; especially in aerospace applications, such a reduction must be achieved with a minimal increase in weight. The vibration of plates is a special case of the more general problem of mechanical vibrations. In this paper effect of bi-parabolic variation in temperature is premeditated on vibration of an orthotropic rectangular plate and whose thickness also varies bi-linear as in two dimensional. Frequency equation is derived by using Rayleigh-Ritz technique with a two-term deflection function. Time period, Deflection and Logarithmic decrement at different points for the first two modes of vibration are calculated for various values of thermal gradients, aspect ratio and taper constants

Letter regarding "Association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and risk of depression in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults: Evidence from a large national cohort study."

This correspondence addresses the recent study by Xu et al. examining the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and depression in older Chinese adults. The study\u27s identification of a J-shaped association between TyG levels and depressive symptoms adds meaningful insight into the connection between metabolic health and mental well-being. However, when considered alongside other findings, including those using combined indices such as TyG-BMI and TyG-WHtR, the results suggest that a broader, multidimensional approach may offer greater predictive value. Supporting studies have linked these composite measures not only to depression but also to wider metabolic and cardiovascular risks. Additionally, other reviews highlight the potential link between TyG and more severe psychiatric conditions. The letter emphasizes the need for further research, especially longitudinal and interventional studies, to clarify causal relationships and explore whether improving metabolic health can help prevent or reduce depressive symptoms. The authors encourage continued exploration of metabolic indicators not just as risk markers but as possible targets for intervention.