Life Skills Education (LSE) for Juvenile Delinquent: Developing a Behaviour Health Promotional Model

Juvenile delinquency is a rising problem all over the world and in India. Over the years researches have been conducted to coin a suitable intervention strategy and models that would decrease delinquent behaviour and promote pro-social development. Practical techniques are required to resolve their behavioural health issues and address their mental health problems. The current study examines the behavioural problems of juvenile delinquents in the observation homes in India and assesses the application and the effectiveness of intervention provided to them through Life Skills Education (LSE) module. Life Skill Education intervention comes up to be an effective and active learning method of behavioural health promotion, if built into a model that addresses the behavioural needs of juvenile delinquents

Women in Disasters and Conflicts in India: Interventions in View of the Millennium Development Goals

Abstract The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) with their holistic perspective of development are focused on different issues of vulnerability. This article highlights the situation of women in disasters and the challenges in achieving the MDGs with special reference to India. It is accepted that there is no disaster without human engagement and that issues of differential impact on genders is an essential consideration for recovery. The international guidelines on disaster management and intervention have a considerable focus on gender equality, balance, mainstreaming, and sensitive programing, yet the situation is quite grim. India still lacks separate policy guidelines on gender aspects in disaster. In the twenty-first century, India has witnessed a series of disasters in different parts of the country. The author’s personal experiences of working in intervention programs of these disasters showed that gender vulnerability depends on various factors like the intensity of the disaster impact, local sociocultural perspectives, effective disaster intervention strategies, the specific focus on issues of women in training of personnel, and gender-sensitive disaster intervention programs in the community. In the context of the MDGs, while development has become a priority concern to end age-old inequalities in society, the added challenge of disasters needs considerable focus on gender inequalities to achieve the goal of gender equity

Community interventions in disasters

Climate change or otherwise disasters seem to occur in every part of the world: largely natural and some attributed to wrong interventions of humans into nature. Only a few months ago (June 2013) the Indian government conducted a mammoth rescue operation in Uttarakhand. Most relief and recovery be it India or Australia requires time and resources that go beyond the immediate crisis relief. Crucially the survivors of disaster need to get back to normalcy through their engagement and recovery by strengthening their own capacity. This process of individual and community recovery is recognised as psychosocial supports essentially referred to as the most important intervention in disaster management practice. The survivor community in disaster recovery becomes the key stakeholder and community participation anchors the lifeline for pursuing community change. In this chapter the authors present a community development perspective of the various phases of the disaster management cycle focusing on relief, rehabilitation, rebuilding and finally disaster preparedness that attempts to strengthen resilience at individual and community levels. The authors have drawn on their previous work relating to the 2004 Tsunami while explaining the various concepts

In the Wake of Japan’s Triple Disaster: Rebuilding Capacity through International Collaboration

Natural disasters occur when the destructive forces of natural events, such as earthquakes, flood, and volcanoes, overwhelm the capacities of communities. In the winter of 2011, Japan, a model for disaster-preparedness, was shaken by one of the largest earthquakes on record, a ten-story tsunami, and a nuclear emergency on par with Chernobyl. In the acute stages of the disaster, the Japanese government officially asked for help from a number of countries. During this time period, international collaboration played a key role in providing help to survivors in the form of medical assistance, food aid, and psychosocial support. As provision of aid evolved into capacity building, national and local Japanese government agencies, in partnership with local grassroots non-profits, assumed most responsibilities, and international organizations transitioned into new roles. This paper will present a study of the collaboration facilitated by a global non-profit humanitarian organization between international faculty and local partners in Japan

Review of Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines in India

Japanese encephalitis virus belongs to the genus Flavivirus. Case fatality averages 30% and almost 50% of the survivors are left with permanent neuropsychiatric sequelae. Japanese encephalitis occurs in nearly all Asian countries including India. Patterns of JE transmission vary within individual countries and from year to year. In endemic areas, sporadic cases occur throughout the year. Japanese encephalitis or AES has been reported from 231 districts of 23 states. The best way to control JE in humans is through vaccination. Currently available vaccines in India are live attenuated, cell culture-derived SA 14-14-2, inactivated SA 14-14-2 vaccine (IC51; IXIARO® by Intercell and JEEV® by Biological Evans India Ltd.) and inactivated Vero cell culture-derived Kolar strain, 821564XY, JE vaccine (JENVAC® by Bharat Biotech). As 2006 position paper of WHO stated that mouse brain derived vaccines should be withdrawn and replaced by newer vaccines due to safety profile and as it is not available in our country now, this vaccine will not be discussed henceforth

Responsible Governance in Containing the Spread of COVID-19 in a Developing State

Aim. The study aims to evaluate the government policy implementation in tackling the global pandemic and framing universal policies for responsible governance. It also measures the impact of training interventions and non-training implications in containing the spread of COVID-19 at the grassroots level. Methods. The samples were drawn empirically from pathological tests conducted over 23 weeks to precisely examine the success of the State Government's approach in lowering COVID-19 mortality and spread. Through trend analysis, the outcome has been predicted. The study establishes a link between acknowledged ideas and government practices, providing insight into how relevant the implementation of planned state-craft programs is. Results. The findings indicated that government-imposed policies account for timely pandemic containment, and even a tiny developing state lacking advanced medical facilities and technology can set an example in combating the epidemic. Conclusions. The temporal analysis is based on the inputs acquired from government publications and other sources, allowing us to assess policy initiatives that encompass training interventions and non-training implications as prioritized by the State Government. The paper shows that a good emergency preparedness and response system is needed to prevent huge losses in any sector. This includes the already-struggling health sector, which India needs to put first to avoid more tragedies