Orchard Level Assessment of Irrigation Performance and Water Productivity of an Irrigation Community in Eastern Spain

[EN] Over the last three decades, a great investment effort has been made in the modernization of irrigation in the Valencian Community (Spain). The initial change from distribution networks to pressurized ones and the shift towards drip irrigation systems was followed by improvements in irrigation scheduling, based on agrometeorological data, soil water content sensors, and remote sensing. These improvements are considered adequate for increasing irrigation water use efficiency, but it is difficult to find systematic measurements to assess its impacts on irrigation adequacy along with irrigation productivity in fruit orchards. This work presents the results of a four year assessment of irrigation water and energy use efficiency along with water productivity of a recently established irrigation community in the province of Valencia (Spain). The study was carried out at the orchard level and focused on two fruit crops: persimmon and peach trees. Six irrigation performance indicators, relative water supply (RWS), relative irrigation supply (RIS), yield performance (Yp), global water productivity (WPoverall), output per unit irrigation water (OUI), and the percent of nitrogen fertilization obtained by irrigation water, were defined and calculated for years 2017 to 2020 in 104 persimmon and peach orchards. The results showed that most of the farmers irrigated below the crop water requirements, showing RWS and RIS values less than 1, and there was great variability among farmers, especially in WPoverall and OUI indicators.This research was funded by "Project 2019ES06RDEI7346 Improving the use of water and energy in modernized irrigation of fruit trees (GO INNOWATER)", founded by the Spanish Rural Development Program (2014-2020): EAFRD and MAPA.Puerto, H.; Mora, M.; Roig-Merino, B.; Abadía-Sánchez, R.; Cámara-Zapata, JM.; Suay, R.; Rocamora, C. (2021). Orchard Level Assessment of Irrigation Performance and Water Productivity of an Irrigation Community in Eastern Spain. Agronomy. 11(9):1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091829S11511

Actas de Horticultura

En un cultivo hidropónico recirculado de rosas cv. Dallas, se ha efectuado un seguimiento hora a hora de los consumos de agua y nitrato, con el objetivo de conocer mejor la cinética de absorción mineral por las plantas, con vistas a perfeccionar el manejo del sistema. Los resultados indican relaciones más o menos complejas con la radiación solar, temperaturas del aire y de la solución nutritiva, principalmente, así como con la tasa transpiratoria, con la que se registra relación lineal positiva durante las horas del día, pero no así por la noche. En las horas nocturnas la concentración de absorción de nitrato es más alta que de día

Estudio preliminar sobre la separación física sólido-líquido de purines para su reutilización

Con la finalidad de obtener un efluente líquido apto para su reutilización en granja, bien para limpieza bien para irrigación, se ha diseñado un sistema de manejo y tratamiento de purines que consta de una serie de dispositivos de separación sólido-líquido. En dicho sistema el purín es sometido a la separación física producida por una prensa de tornillo que puede trabajar de forma individual o como tratamiento previo a una centrífuga horizontal. La parte líquida se deja sedimentar en un depósito, desde el que es dirigida, a través de un depósito de regulación, a nueve filtros lentos de arena (3 repeticiones de 3 tipos de arenas), donde termina el proceso de separación y queda dispuesta para su reutilización

Protein adsorption/desorption dynamics on Ca-enriched titanium surfaces: biological implications

[EN] Calcium ions are used in the development of biomaterials for the promotion of coagulation, bone regeneration, and implant osseointegration. Upon implantation, the time-dependent release of calcium ions from titanium implant surfaces modifies the physicochemical characteristics at the implant-tissue interface and thus, the biological responses. The aim of this study is to examine how the dynamics of protein adsorption on these surfaces change over time. Titanium discs with and without Ca were incubated with human serum for 2 min, 180 min, and 960 min. The layer of proteins attached to the surface was characterised using nLC-MS/MS. The adsorption kinetics was different between materials, revealing an increased adsorption of proteins associated with coagulation and immune responses prior to Ca release. Implant-blood contact experiments confirmed the strong coagulatory effect for Ca surfaces. We employed primary human alveolar osteoblasts and THP-1 monocytes to study the osteogenic and inflammatory responses. In agreement with the proteomic results, Ca-enriched surfaces showed a significant initial inflammation that disappeared once the calcium was released. The distinct protein adsorption/desorption dynamics found in this work demonstrated to be useful to explain the differential biological responses between the titanium and Ca-ion modified implant surfaces.This work was supported by MINECO [MAT2017-86043-R; RTC-2017-6147-1], Generalitat Valenciana [GRISOLIAP/2018/091; APOSTD/2020/036, PROMETEO/2020/069], Universitat Jaume I under [ UJI-B2017-37], the University of the Basque Country under [GIU18/189] and Basque Government under [PRE_2017_2_0044]. The authors would like to thank Raquel Oliver, Jose Ortega and Iraide Escobes for their valuable technical assistance.Romero-Gavilán, F.; Cerqueira, A.; Anitua, E.; Tejero, R.; García-Arnáez, I.; Martínez-Ramos, C.; Ozturan, S.... (2021). Protein adsorption/desorption dynamics on Ca-enriched titanium surfaces: biological implications. JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry. 26(6):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00775-021-01886-4S11226

Bajas por arma de fuego: experiencia del hospital militar español deplegado en Herat (Afganistán) 2005-2008

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Dpto. de Cirugía. Fecha de lectura: 3 de Diciembre de 2009