Effects of Particle Size and Cement Replacement of LCD Glass Powder in Concrete

The high quality liquid crystal display (LCD) processing waste glass (LPWG) generated from the manufacturing process of Korea’s LCD industries, having the world’s highest technological level and production, was finely ground into particles smaller than cement particles (higher fineness than OPC) to verify their applicability and performance as a replacement for cement. For a concrete mix having a W/B ratio of 0.44, cement was replaced with LPWG glass powder (LGP) at ratios of 5, 10, 15, and 20% (LGP12) and 5 and 10% (LGP5) according to the particle size to prepare test cylinder specimens, which were tested with respect to air contents, slump in fresh concrete, and compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of hardened concrete. The microstructure of the concrete specimens was analyzed through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and a Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP). Replacement of cement with LGP for cement could effectively decrease the quantity of cement used due to the excellent performance of LGP. It may positively contribute to the sustainable development of the cement industry as well as waste recycling and environment conservation on a national scale

A better method of predicting face changes after cosmetic surgery: the partial least squares regression.

Accurate prediction of post-surgery face changes is an essential step in the treatment planning of cosmetic surgery. During cosmetic treatment in facial deformity patients, the face does not directly follow the surgical skeletal movements in the underlying bony structures. The algorithms of currently available commercial programs are all based upon the 1-to-1 correspondence ratio and/or the ordinary least squares methods, which is far from being accurate. Predicting face changes after surgery requires a number of variables to consider. Human face landmarks in face photos and x-rays have a 2-dimensional entity. A landmark (or variable) has 2 measurements in the x-axis and the y-axis. A certain degree of vertical repositioning surgery induces horizontal relocation also and vice versa. Furthermore, the face response at a specific face landmark is highly dependent on its adjacent response, and its neighboring points are also dependent on each other. Applying the PLS method would be a solution for prediction and interpretation of this highly correlated 2-dimensional situation. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to propose a better statistical method of predicting face changes after cosmetic surgery by applying the partial least squares regression. In addition, we will also discuss a method to report error analyses for 2-dimensional data. Previously published error reports of 2-dimensional data sets have inappropriately applied 1-dimensional approaches, such as differences in distance or angular measurements. Our visualization method can be applied to 2- dimensional data sets. This method shows errors in both the x-axis and the y-axis simultaneously, which can also identify any between-group differences.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2014-01/104/0000030821/2SEQ:2PERF_CD:SNU2014-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:104USER_ID:0000030821ADJUST_YN:NEMP_ID:A076080DEPT_CD:861CITE_RATE:0FILENAME:2014년03월03일 abstract_pls2014_word_2pages.pdfDEPT_NM:치의학과CONFIRM:

Regulation of Proinflammatory Mediators via NF-κB and p38 MAPK-Dependent Mechanisms in RAW 264.7 Macrophages by Polyphenol Components Isolated from Korea Lonicera japonica THUNB

Lonicera japonica THUNB., which abundantly contains polyphenols, has been used as a traditional medicine for thousands of years in East Asian countries because of the anti-inflammation properties. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of polyphenol components isolated from Korea L. japonica T. by nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway. Polyphenols significantly decreased lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced mRNA and protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, as well as mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, and IL-6. Moreover, polyphenols inhibited nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65, phosphorylation/degradation of the inhibitor of κB, and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, whereas the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Janus N-terminal kinase were not affected. These results indicate that polyphenol components isolated from Korea L. japonica T. should have anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells through the decrease of proinflammatory mediators expression by suppressing NF-κB and p38 MAPK activity

Flavonoids Isolated from Korea Citrus aurantium L. Induce G2/M Phase Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Gastric Cancer AGS Cells

Aim of the Study. Citrus species is used in traditional medicine as medicinal herb in several Asian countries including Korea. Flavonioids became known as various properties, such as anti-oxidants, anti-inflammation and anti-cancer, and so forth. The present study, the anti-cancer effect of flavonioids isolated from Citrus aurantium L. in human gastric cancer AGS cells has been investigated. Materials and Methods. The anti-proliferative activity was assayed using MTT assay. Cell cycle analysis was done using flow cytometry and apoptosis detection was done using by hoechst fluorescent staining and Annexin V-propidium iodide double staining. Western blot was used to detect the expression of protein related with cell cycle and apoptosis. Results. Flavonoids isolated from Citrus aurantium L. have the effect of anti proliferation on AGS cells with IC50 value of 99 μg/mL. Flavonoids inhibited cell cycle progression in the G2/M phase and decrease expression level of cyclin B1, cdc 2, cdc 25c. Flavonoids induced apoptosis through activate caspase and inactivate PARP. Conclusions. Flavonoids isolated from Citrus aurantium L. induced G2/M phase arrest through the modulation of cell cycle related proteins and apoptosis through activation caspase. These finding suggest flavonoids isolated from Citrus aurantium L. were useful agent for the chemoprevention of gastric cancer

Porphyra tenera Extracts Have Immune Stimulation Activity via Increasing Cytokines in Mouse Primary Splenocytes and RAW264.7 Macrophages

Abstract Porphyra tenera has long been consumed as food in Korea and Asia. The effects of Porphyra tenera extracts on the immune system are largely unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the immune-stimulating effects of ethanol and water extracts of P. tenera. The immunomodulatory potential of P. tenera was evaluated by determining its effect on cell viability and cytokine expression of mouse RAW264.7 cells and splenocytes. We investigated the effect of 10% ethanol extracts of laver (P. tenera) on the RAW264.7 cells. Production of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-2, and IL-4, inducible NO synthase, and interferon-γ) in RAW264.7 macrophages was slightly higher after treatment with P. tenera extracts. Ethanol extracts upregulated and enhanced the functions of macrophages, such as NO and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-4, inducible NO synthase, and interferon-γ) production. In addition, cytokine concentrations were significantly increased in cells treated with different doses of P. tenera ethanol extracts compared to the control group. Overall, the results demonstrated that P. tenera extracts enhanced cytokine secretion in mouse splenocytes and macrophages. From these findings, it can be concluded that P. tenera possess a natural compound with immune-stimulatory activity. P. tenera extract is a good immunostimulant from natural compounds

Impact of successful restoration of sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation and acute heart failure: Results from the Korean Acute Heart Failure registry

Background: Restoring and maintaining sinus rhythm (SR) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) failed to show superior outcomes over rate control strategies in prior randomized trials. However, there is sparse data on their outcomes in patients with acute heart failure (AHF).Methods: From December 2010 to February 2014, 5,625 patients with AHF from 10 tertiary hospitals were enrolled in the Korean Acute Heart Failure registry, including 1,961 patients whose initial electrocardiogram showed AF. Clinical outcomes of patients who restored SR by pharmacological or electrical cardioversion (SR conversion group, n = 212) were compared to those of patients who showed a persistent AF rhythm (AF persistent group, n = 1,662).Results: All-cause mortality both in-hospital and during the follow-up (median 2.5 years) were significantly lower in the SR conversion group than in the AF persistent group after adjustment for risk factors (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.26 [0.08–0.88], p = 0.031 and 0.59 [0.43–0.82], p = 0.002, for mortality in-hospital and during follow-up, respectively). After 1:3 propensity score matching (SR conversion group = 167, AF persistent group = 501), successful restoration of SR was associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR [95% CI] = 0.68 [0.49–0.93], p = 0.015), heart failure rehospitalization (HR [95% CI] = 0.66 [0.45–0.97], p = 0.032), and composite of death and heart failure rehospitalization (HR [95% CI] = 0.66 [0.51–0.86], p = 0.002).Conclusions: Patients with AHF and AF had significantly lower mortality in-hospital and during follow-up if rhythm treatment for AF was successful, underscoring the importance of restoring SR in patients with AHF

Effect of chitinase- 3- like protein 1 on glucose metabolism: In vitro skeletal muscle and human genetic association study

We investigated the effect of chitinase- 3- like protein 1 (CHI3L1) on glucose metabolism and its underlying mechanisms in skeletal muscle cells, and evaluated whether the observed effects are relevant in humans. CHI3L1 was associated with increased glucose uptake in skeletal muscles in an AMP- activated protein kinase (AMPK)- dependent manner, and with increased intracellular calcium levels via PAR2. The improvement in glucose metabolism observed in an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test on male C57BL/6J mice supported this association. Inhibition of the CaMKK was associated with suppression of CHI3L1- mediated glucose uptake. Additionally, CHI3L1 was found to influence glucose uptake through the PI3K/AKT pathway. Results suggested that CHI3L1 stimulated the phosphorylation of AS160 and p38 MAPK downstream of AMPK and AKT, and the resultant GLUT4 translocation. In primary myoblast cells, stimulation of AMPK and AKT was observed in response to CHI3L1, underscoring the biological relevance of CHI3L1. CHI3L1 levels were elevated in cells under conditions that mimic exercise in vitro and in exercised mice in vivo, indicating that CHI3L1 is secreted during muscle contraction. Finally, similar associations between CHI3L1 and metabolic parameters were observed in humans alongside genotype associations between CHI3L1 and diabetes at the population level. CHI3L1 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetes.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162777/2/fsb220907.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162777/1/fsb220907_am.pd

Evaluation of barley to replace milk by-product in weaning pig’s diet

The supplementation level of barley was limited because of high contents of fiber in monogastric animals. Barley contained high soluble fiber, thus it could prevent to diarrhea of weaning pigs. Moreover, as the barley break down by enzymes, free sugars come out from the barley, which could be used as an energy source in weaning pigs and replace milk by-products in weaning pig’s diet. Therefore, present study was conducted to investigate the influence of barley to replace milk by-product in weaning pig’s diet on growth performance, blood profile, nutrient digestibility, diarrhea incidence, and economic analysis in weaning pigs. A total of 112 crossbred ([York-shire × Landrace] × Duroc, weaned at 28 days of age) piglets were allotted to 4 treatments in a randomized complete block (RCB) design. Each treatment has 7 replications with 4 pigs per pen. Pigs were fed each treatment diet which containing different levels of barley (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) at the expense of whey powder and lactose. Three phase feeding programs were used for 6 weeks of growth trial (phase 1: 0–2 weeks; phase 2: 3–4 weeks; phase 3: 5–6 weeks). During 0–2 week, body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) and G:F ratio were decreased as barley level increased in the diet (linear response, p < 0.01). In blood profile, blood urea nitrogen was decreased as the barley level increased in the diet (linear, p < 0.01). However, no significant differences were observed in blood glucose level. In nutrient digestibility, crude fat digestibility was linearly increased as barley increased (linear, p < 0.01). The incidence of diarrhea was improved as increasing barley contents in all phases (linear, p < 0.01). These results demonstrated that supplementation of barley to replace milk by-product influenced negatively on growth performance during 0–2 week. However, the incidence of diarrhea and later growth performance from 3 week postweaning were improved as dietary barley level increased