360 research outputs found
Similarity based hierarchical clustering of physiological parameters for the identification of health states - a feasibility study
This paper introduces a new unsupervised method for the clustering of
physiological data into health states based on their similarity. We propose an
iterative hierarchical clustering approach that combines health states
according to a similarity constraint to new arbitrary health states. We applied
method to experimental data in which the physical strain of subjects was
systematically varied. We derived health states based on parameters extracted
from ECG data. The occurrence of health states shows a high temporal
correlation to the experimental phases of the physical exercise. We compared
our method to other clustering algorithms and found a significantly higher
accuracy with respect to the identification of health states.Comment: 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in
Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC
ScanComplete: Large-Scale Scene Completion and Semantic Segmentation for 3D Scans
We introduce ScanComplete, a novel data-driven approach for taking an
incomplete 3D scan of a scene as input and predicting a complete 3D model along
with per-voxel semantic labels. The key contribution of our method is its
ability to handle large scenes with varying spatial extent, managing the cubic
growth in data size as scene size increases. To this end, we devise a
fully-convolutional generative 3D CNN model whose filter kernels are invariant
to the overall scene size. The model can be trained on scene subvolumes but
deployed on arbitrarily large scenes at test time. In addition, we propose a
coarse-to-fine inference strategy in order to produce high-resolution output
while also leveraging large input context sizes. In an extensive series of
experiments, we carefully evaluate different model design choices, considering
both deterministic and probabilistic models for completion and semantic
inference. Our results show that we outperform other methods not only in the
size of the environments handled and processing efficiency, but also with
regard to completion quality and semantic segmentation performance by a
significant margin.Comment: Video: https://youtu.be/5s5s8iH0NF
Cloud computing and adult literacy: How cloud computing can sustain the promise of adult learning
Adult literacy in Canada consists of a patchwork of large and small adult
education providers: many of them are autonomous community societies,
some are school boards, and others are community college based, as well
as a range of independent community-based groups. Funding for adult
literacy comes from several pockets: from different provincial and/or federal
government departments and from charitable organizations. Much of
the federal funding is short term in response to shifting government priorities.
Indeed, Crooks et al. [1] suggest that the ongoing funding search,
with the attendant application and reporting activities, detracts from the
ability to provide more effectively planned and sustainable adult education
programs. A major challenge for adult literacy providers is that while their
client base has significant human and economic potential, low-literacy
adults are not perceived as large contributors to the economy, and thus,
much of the funding is intermittent—from project to project.Alpha Adult Literacy Ontari
Decoding auditory attention to instruments in polyphonic music using single-trial EEG classification
Objective. Polyphonic music (music consisting of several instruments playing in parallel) is an intuitive way of embedding multiple information streams. The different instruments in a musical piece form concurrent information streams that seamlessly integrate into a coherent and hedonistically appealing entity. Here, we explore polyphonic music as a novel stimulation approach for use in a brain–computer interface. Approach. In a multi-streamed oddball experiment, we had participants shift selective attention to one out of three different instruments in music audio clips. Each instrument formed an oddball stream with its own specific standard stimuli (a repetitive musical pattern) and oddballs (deviating musical pattern). Main results. Contrasting attended versus unattended instruments, ERP analysis shows subject- and instrument-specific responses including P300 and early auditory components. The attended instrument can be classified offline with a mean accuracy of 91% across 11 participants. Significance. This is a proof of concept that attention paid to a particular instrument in polyphonic music can be inferred from ongoing EEG, a finding that is potentially relevant for both brain–computer interface and music research
Reduction of Chemical Reaction Networks with Approximate Conservation Laws
Model reduction of fast-slow chemical reaction networks based on the
quasi-steady state approximation fails when the fast subsystem has first
integrals. We call these first integrals approximate conservation laws. In
order to define fast subsystems and identify approximate conservation laws, we
use ideas from tropical geometry. We prove that any approximate conservation
law evolves slower than all the species involved in it and therefore represents
a supplementary slow variable in an extended system. By elimination of some
variables of the extended system, we obtain networks without approximate
conservation laws, which can be reduced by standard singular perturbation
methods. The field of applications of approximate conservation laws covers the
quasi-equilibrium approximation, well known in biochemistry. We discuss both
two timescale reductions of fast-slow systems and multiple timescale reductions
of multiscale networks. Networks with multiple timescales have hierarchical
relaxation. At a given timescale, our multiple timescale reduction method
defines three subsystems composed of (i) slaved fast variables satisfying
algebraic equations, (ii) slow driving variables satisfying reduced ordinary
differential equations, and (iii) quenched much slower variables that are
constant. The algebraic equations satisfied by fast variables define chains of
nested normally hyberbolic invariant manifolds. In such chains, faster
manifolds are of higher dimension and contain the slower manifolds. Our
reduction methods are introduced algorithmically for networks with linear,
monomial or polynomial approximate conservation laws.
Keywords: Model order reduction, chemical reaction networks, singular
perturbations, multiple timescales, tropical geometry
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