High energy electron spikes at high latitudes

Over 750 spikes of precipitating electrons with E or = 425 KeV were observed aboard the low altitude polar orbiter OGO-D between 30 July 1967 and 31 December 1967. The spikes may be divided into three distinct populations, depending on whether they occur at latitudes below, at, or above the local limit of trapping

G conditioning suit Patent

Conditioning suit for normal function of astronaut cardiovascular system in gravity environmen

Effect of hydraulic fluid (MIL-H-83282) on selected commercial O-ring compounds

Acrylonitrile and fluorocarbon compounds were evaluated at various temperatures and time intervals in samples of the fluid obtained from three qualified suppliers. It was concluded that both polymers can function in hydraulic fluids within the conditions defined by this study. Hydraulic fluid from each manufacturer was similar in its effect upon each given O-ring material, with one exception. Similarly, there were no striking differences in the resistance of O-rings of the same generic rubber type when provided by the different manufacturers

Intravascular Imaging Guidance of Left Main PCI: Nice to Have or Must Have?

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Fast drift kilometric radio bursts and solar proton events

Initial results of a comparative study of major fast drift kilometric bursts and solar proton events from Sep. 1978 to Feb. 1983 are presented. It was found that only about half of all intense, long duration ( 40 min above 500 sfu) 1 MHz bursts can be associated with F 20 MeV proton events. However, for the subset of such fast drift bursts accompanied by metric Type 2 and/or 4 activity (approximately 40% of the total), the degree of association with 20 MeV events is 80%. For the reverse association, it was found that proton events with J( 20 MeV) 0.01 1 pr cm(-2)s(-1)sr(-1)MeV(-1) were typically (approximately 80% of the time) preceded by intense 1 MHz bursts that exceeded the 500 sfu level for times 20 min (median duration approximately 35 min)

Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Be/B Ratio and the Age of Cosmic Rays

The ratio Be/B depends on whether the confinement time of cosmic rays in the Galaxy is long or short compared to the radioactive half-life of ^(10)Be. We report observations of this ratio which were obtained with a dE/dx-Cerenkov detector launched into a polar orbit on OGO-6 as part of the Caltech Solar and Galactic Cosmic Ray Experiment. Be/B ratios were determined for various rigidity thresholds up to 15 GV. We find no statistically significant rigidity dependence of the ratio, which is 0.41 ± 0.02 when averaged over all observed cutoffs. When averaged over cutoffs ≥1.8 GV, the ratio is 0.43 ± 0.03, which can be compared directly to the ratio of 0.42 ± 0.06 calculated by O'Dell, Shapiro, Silberberg, and Tsao assuming ^(10)Be survival. Additional calculations suggest that if the present fragmentation parameters are correct, then the lifetime of cosmic rays in the Galaxy is < 10^7 y

The Elemental Composition of Quiet Time Low Energy Cosmic Rays Measured on the Voyager Spacecraft

We have used the large collecting area of the Voyager telescopes to obtain greatly improved statistics on the elemental composition of quiet time low energy cosmic rays above ~3MeV/nuc. Three quiet time periods totaling 115 days between August, 1977 and February, 1978 are used. These quiet times are further subdivided into still quieter periods totaling 47 days. At low energies, the most prominent feature is the anomalous component which has a peak intensity at ~6 MeV/nuc. It is observed most prominently for N, 0 and Ne nuclei, but we believe it has been identified for the first time for C, Mg and Si nuclei as well at a much lower intensity level. This component undergoes strong solar modulation effects, and also for 0 nuclei at least, shows 27 day enhancements associated with enhanced intensities of ~0.5 MeV proton

Elemental composition of solar energetic nuclei

It is found for four major solar-flare events that the average solar energetic particle (SEP) abundances are similar to abundances in the solar wind and to recent coronal measurements. The average SEP and galactic cosmic-ray source abundances are also similar for elements with nuclear charge in the range 8≤ Z ≤ 28, but are different for helium, carbon, and nitrogen

Flight test evaluation of a separate surface attitude command control system on a Beech 99 airplane

A joint NASA/university/industry program was conducted to flight evaluate a potentially low cost separate surface implementation of attitude command in a Beech 99 airplane. Saturation of the separate surfaces was the primary cause of many problems during development. Six experienced professional pilots who made simulated instrument flight evaluations experienced improvements in airplane handling qualities in the presence of turbulence and a reduction in pilot workload. For ride quality, quantitative data show that the attitude command control system results in all cases of airplane motion being removed from the uncomfortable ride region