Victorian Influence on \u3cem\u3eBeauty and the Beast\u3c/em\u3e

This essay examines a unique publication of the well-known Beauty and the Beast fairy tale. W.B. Conkey Company’s adaptation of Beauty and the Beast demonstrates the influence of Victorian culture on children’s literature (1897). An in-depth analysis of the cultural and historical context of the publication uncovers new meaning in the lost text. This three-part analysis discusses norms of Victorian courtship, explains Victorian literary elements, and applies these cultural contexts to textual analysis. This lens highlights W.B. Conkey Company’s tailored message to a young Victorian audience

Endocrine therapy: defining the path of least resistance

One of the best-characterized oncogenic mechanisms in breast cancer is the aberrant activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, protein kinase B, and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling. In both endocrine-resistant disease and breast cancer stem cells, this is commonly caused by specific genetic lesions or amplification of key pathway components or both. These observations have generated two interesting hypotheses. Firstly, do these genetic anomalies provide clinically significant biomarkers predictive of endocrine resistance? Secondly, do tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells emerge from a stem-like cell population? New studies, published in Breast Cancer Research, raise the possibility that these hypotheses are intrinsically linked

Spirituality in Nursing

Abstract Aims: This dissertation examines currently available UK literature on spirituality in nursing, explores which theory of spirituality (found within the pool of literature used this dissertation) is being applied to current nursing practice, and discusses the merits of the various theories of spirituality found within the nursing literature in the application of nursing care within the NHS. Background: Both spirituality in nursing, and spiritual care within nursing, have recently become points of contention within both the academic world of nursing and within the public eye, partly due to the case of Caroline Petrie. This focus on these issues has generated interest in the ongoing debate surrounding spirituality and its place in nursing care. Method: A critical review of appropriate literature was undertaken. A summary of the points found within the current debate within the field of spirituality in nursing has been produced. Conclusions: This work concludes that while the NHS may state that spiritual care is one of its key standards alongside patient dignity, in order that spiritual care be included an absolute working definition based on evidence needs to be found. Until this definition and sufficient supporting evidence is identified, the subjective nature of spirituality creates issues for the provision of nursing care. As such, spirituality should only be considered as part of other care criteria such as those put forward under holistic care models. Relevance to nursing and clinical practice: While there is debate on the relevance of spirituality to nursing care and practice throughout all of the literature found and used within this dissertation the relevance of spirituality to individuals is not discounted. As such spirituality can be said to have relevance to individuals and must be assessed each individual's needs at the current time, it is currently carried out using holistic assessments

Cell-Selective Chemoproteomics for Biological Discovery

Cellular protein synthesis changes rapidly in response to internal and external cues in ways that vary from cell to cell. Global proteomic analyses of microbial communities, tissues, and organisms have provided important insights into the behavior of such systems, but can obscure the diversity of responses characteristic of different cellular subpopulations. Recent advances in cell-specific proteomics—fueled in part by the development of bioorthogonal chemistries, more sensitive mass spectrometers and more advanced mining algorithms—have yielded unprecedented glimpses into how proteins are expressed in space and time. Whereas previous cell-specific proteomic analyses were confined to abundant cells in relatively simple systems, recent advances in chemoproteomics allow researchers to map the protein expression patterns of even rare cells in complex tissues and whole organisms. Chapter 1 highlights recently developed strategies for cell-selective proteomics, including metabolic labeling strategies such as bioorthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT). Bioorthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) is a chemoproteomic technique that enables temporal labeling of proteins. In cell-selective BONCAT, expressing a mutant aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase under the control of cell-specific genetic elements affords cellular resolution; only cells of interest can selectively incorporate a noncanonical amino acid into proteins for subsequent detection and identification. Chapter 2 details protocols to set up a cell-selective BONCAT system. While BONCAT had previously been applied to studies of microbial pathogenesis in tissue culture-based models of infection, we sought to further develop the method to identify the proteome of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) within a mouse model of infection, as detailed in Chapter 3. We used this technique to enrich for staphylococcal proteins made within the host and in addition to finding many factors known to be important for infection, we also found many that had not previously been associated with infection. Screening several of these previously unknown factors in vivo led to the discovery of a novel protein important for MRSA infection. This unbiased approach to cell-selectively label pathogenic proteins during infection could be used as a global discovery tool for novel anti-infective strategies. In Chapter 4, we combine this cell-selective BONCAT strategy with microbial identification after passive clarity technique (MiPACT) to visualize both staphylococcal protein synthesis and ribosomal RNA within whole skin abscesses during infection. In Chapter 5, we continue developing cell-selective BONCAT to study microbial protein synthesis in the context of a living mouse by extending the system to Bacteroides fragilis, a common human gut commensal. Finally, cell-selective BONCAT is wholly dependent on the bioorthogonal nature of the azide and its detection reagents. Fishing out an azide-tagged molecule from the rest of the cellular milieu requires optimization of enrichment-based strategies. In Chapter 6, we describe the development of a peptide to quantitate the gain of our enrichments. While innovations in mass spectrometry and computational algorithms have facilitated the identification and quantification of thousands of proteins simultaneously from complex samples, this abundance of data does not necessarily lead to biological insight. Cell-specific proteomic techniques will play a key role in the identification of the mechanisms that govern cell specialization and that allow organisms to respond to changing environments. Overall, this work demonstrates the power of cell-selective chemoproteomics to ascertain biological insights in complex systems.</p

The eyes have it: a visual-vestibular rehabilitation program for pediatric oncology and neuro-rehabilitation

The Marianjoy Rehabilitation Hospital (MRH) Occupational Therapy (OT) Pediatric Visual-Vestibular Dysfunction (PVVD) program is a clinical education and training program that aims to teach OT clinicians to better assess and treat PVVD in children with CNS cancer and/or other neurologic conditions. With a growing number of children surviving and participating in daily life with chronic and disabling health conditions, it is imperative that OTs stay informed on how to best support these children to live their best lives. Through education and training efforts of OTs at MRH, and by providing clinicians with tools to implement assessment and intervention techniques aimed to address PVVD, the program intends to expand OT practice and improve care for children with PVVD. In turn, this program will impact short and long-term health outcomes for these children. In addition to these training and clinical support efforts, the program will examine how effective these interventions are and publish results in order to advance OT practice and rehabilitation science as a whole. In combination with the outlined dissemination plan, the MRH OT PVVD program has the potential to significantly and positively influence OT practice and the lives of children with and at-risk for PVVD

History of the Woman\u27s Movement in Tennessee

The discussion of the woman\u27s movement in this thesis will not refer exclusively to feminine operations for equal suffrage, but will include, also, the intellectual, the political, the humanitarian, and the economic development of women. One cannot say dogmatically that on such a day in such a month of such a year woman started to free herself from her inferior position. The woman\u27s movement, like other great movements, has been in the process of evolution during a long period of time. In practice, woman\u27s position has varied from age to age; but, in theory, woman has not been considered an equal of man until recently. In the first quarter of the nineteenth century a tangible movement was initiated for the emancipation and development of woman. Some aspects of this movement in the United States will be discussed in this chapter. In later chapters some aspects of this movement in Tennessee will be discussed

More Seats at the Table: An Examination of the Role of Natural Supports in Promoting Postsecondary Transition for Students with Disabilities in Rural Maine

Students with disabilities who receive special education services are entitled under federal law, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, to have an Individualized Education Program (IEP) that includes measurable postsecondary goals and identifies the transition services that are needed in order for the student to reach those goals. Transition planning for students with disabilities in rural areas can be uniquely challenging due to lack of access to transportation, service providers, and accessible programs. Failure to prepare for postsecondary education or employment is correlated with life-long challenges, including poverty, un/under-employment, and limited educational attainment. Natural supports, in the form of family members, friends, or community members, could be a resource to assist transition planning for students with disabilities but they may not be invited into the transition planning process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the barriers to transition planning in rural Maine today, the role that natural supports have played in transition and postsecondary outcomes for students with disabilities living in rural Maine as well as any barriers that may prevent more fully accessing and integrating these natural supports into transition planning. This study used qualitative methods to first review the legal and policy context, second draw out the voices of youth with disabilities and third take a retrospective appraisal of the lived experiences of these stakeholders as they supported the transition of students with disabilities to adulthood. Data collected in this study included the voice of youth with disabilities (from multiple sources) and interviews with parents of students with disabilities and special educators who are both responsible for overseeing development and implementation of the Individualized Education Program and serve as gatekeepers to “seats at the table” at transition planning meetings. Key findings in this study confirmed that many barriers to transition planning exist for students in rural Maine – particularly related obstacles to accessing the IEP process, overwhelming responsibilities of parents and educators, lack of knowledge about transition resources, paid services that do not meet students’ needs and divergent beliefs about what is possible for students with disabilities as they enter adulthood. The study also found that rural “Yankee ingenuity” result in creative use of natural supports to meet transition needs – including through the use of family, friends, community members and interestingly educators who stepped outside their classroom role. These natural supports, however, rarely were physically present at the IEP meeting or explicitly named in transition planning, and special education law and practices failed to promote their inclusion. The voice of youth with disabilities also highlighted that they do not perceive the support of caring adults and that they wanted to be part of the solution through education and support of other youth coming up behind them. Applying a transdisciplinary approach, these experiences inform recommendations for sustainable ways to promote inclusion of natural supports as a means to strengthen transition planning and postsecondary outcomes for young people living in rural communities in Maine

Tropospheric constituent variability associated with baroclinic waves

Baroclinic waves are fundamental to tropospheric dynamics, and therefore it is of interest to understand their impact on atmospheric constituents. Here we examine the dynamics of the troposphere during baroclinic wave life cycles and study in detail their influence on constituent transport. We incorporate two methods of studying the atmosphere. The first is the study of observations made by remote sensing of the atmosphere by satellites. The second is the examination of the atmosphere through the use of an atmospheric general circulation model;In an observational case study, we used upper tropospheric water vapor measurements from the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite Microwave Limb Sounder to investigate the structure and evolution of eastward traveling medium-scale wave features in Southern Hemisphere summertime and found that the water vapor field is well correlated with meteorological fields and derived potential vorticity fields. These results are consistent with model paradigms for the structure and evolution of baroclinic disturbances;In order to study the details of transport associated with baroclinic waves, we build upon the successes of other studies which use general circulation models to simulate baroclinic wave life cycles. These nonlinear simulations have shown that the wave evolution consists of baroclinic growth, maturity and barotropic decay. In our study, two life cycles are simulated with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) community climate model (CCM2), starting with baroclinically unstable initial conditions similar to those used by Thorncroft et al. (1993). The two life cycles differ in the strength and sense of the horizontal shear of the zonal wind. This strongly influences the behavior which ensues. In terms of potential vorticity-potential temperature diagnostics, the basic case is characterized by thinning troughs which are advected anti-cyclonically and equatorward, while the anomalous case has broadening troughs which wrap up cyclonically and poleward. In order to investigate transport during these two life cycles, four passive tracers are included in the simulation to be advected by the semi-Lagrangian transport scheme of CCM2. The resulting tracer budgets are analyzed in terms of the transformed Eulerian mean constituent transport formalism. Results show a net upward and poleward transport and a strong influence of the eddy flux term on the time tendency of the tracer. The largest transport occurs during the nonlinear growth stage of the life cycle. We also find that the transport varies little with the initial tracer distributions