Investigation of the Association between Bilateral Selective Anterograde Cerebral Perfusion and Postoperative Ischemic Stroke in Obese Patients with Emergency Surgery for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection

Background and objectives: The relationship between cerebral perfusion and new postoperative ischemic stroke in obese patients is not well defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between selective bilateral anterograde cerebral perfusion and new postoperative ischemic stroke in obese patients with emergency surgery for acute type A aortic dissection. Materials and methods: A total of 292 patients with emergency surgery for acute type A aortic dissection were included in this study. Patients with hemorrhagic stroke or ischemic stroke with severe neurological dysfunction at admission that were not candidates for surgery; patients who died in the first 48 h after intensive care admission and patients with incomplete medical records were excluded. Results: The mean age was 59.42 ± 10.68 years and the mean Euroscore was 9.12 ± 1.63. Obesity was present in 76.4%, the incidence of new postoperative ischemic stroke was 27.5%, and the postoperative mortality rate was 26.7%. The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 206.81 ± 75.48 min, the aortic cross-clamp time was 118.2 ± 46.42 min, and 90% of cases required cerebral perfusion. The mean cerebral perfusion time was 30.8 ± 24.41 min. Obese patients had a higher frequency of in-hospital death (p = 0.009), smoking (p = 0.036), hypertension (p = 0.023), left common carotid artery dissection (p p = 0.029), femoral artery cannulation (p = 0.026), aortic root replacement (p = 0.009), aortic valve replacement (p = 0.005) and early reintervention for bleeding (p = 0.004). Using logistic regression, selective bilateral anterograde cerebral perfusion over 40 min in obese patients was independently associated with new postoperative ischemic stroke (OR = 2.35; 95%CI = 1.36–4.86; p = 0.021). Conclusions: A patient-tailored strategy for cerebral perfusion should be considered in obese patients, considering the high atheromatous burden of the supra-aortic vessels in these patients and the potential risk of atheromatous embolization associated with this technique

Extended Venous Resections for Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Head Adenocarcinoma—A Retrospective Studies of Nine Cases

Background: pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The only chance to improve the long-term outcomes of patients with pancreatic cancer is surgery with radical intent. Methods: in the present paper, we aim to describe a case series of 9 patients submitted to radical surgery for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. Results: in all cases, negative resection margins were achieved. The types of venous resection consisted of tangential portal vein resection in four cases, circumferential portal vein resection with direct reanastomosis in one case and circumferential resection with graft placement in another four cases; postoperatively, one patient developed a vascular surgery-related complication consisting of graft thrombosis and thus necessitated prolonged anticoagulant therapy. Conclusions: extended venous resections can be a safe and efficient way to maximize the benefits of radical surgery in locally advanced, borderline resectable pancreatic cancer

Absolute cross sections of the

Absolute cross sections for the 86Sr(α,n)89Zr reaction at energies close to the Gamow window are reported. Three thin SrF2 targets were irradiated using the 9 MV Tandem facility in IFIN-HH Bucharest that delivered α beams for the activation process. Two high-purity Germanium detectors were used to measure the induced activity of 89Zr in a low background environment. The experimental results are in very good agreement with Hauser-Feshbach statistical model calculations performed with the TALYS code

Absolute cross sections of the 86Sr(α,n)89Zr reaction at energies of astrophysical interest

Absolute cross sections for the 86Sr(α,n)89Zr reaction at energies close to the Gamow window are reported. Three thin SrF2 targets were irradiated using the 9 MV Tandem facility in IFIN-HH Bucharest that delivered α beams for the activation process. Two high-purity Germanium detectors were used to measure the induced activity of 89Zr in a low background environment. The experimental results are in very good agreement with Hauser-Feshbach statistical model calculations performed with the TALYS code

Preliminary results of proton inelastic scattering on 57^{57}Fe

International audienceA proton inelastic scattering experiment on a 57Fe target was performed at the 9 MV TANDEM facility of Horia Hulubei-National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania. The purpose was to determine the γ-production cross sections of the transitions observed in the 57Fe(p, p’γ)57Fe reaction. The detection system consisted of 4 HPGe detectors for detection and a Faraday cup for beam integration. The proton energy was varied from 5 to 16 MeV, in 1-MeV steps. In the current analysis, experimental cross sections were determined only for the high-volume detectors, placed at 110◦ and 150◦ with respect to the beam axis. This work presents the data analysis procedure and the preliminary experimental cross sections for the most intense transitions decaying from the first seven excited states in 57Fe. The results are compared with TALYS 1.9 theoretical calculations performed using default input parameters

Cross section measurements of low-energy charged particle induced reactions using moderated neutron counter arrays

A high-and-flat efficiency moderated neutron detection array of 3He counters has been recently developed for photoneutron cross section measurements at the future ELI-NP gamma-ray beam source. We have designed a three rings geometry of 31 counters with a ˜37% efficiency flat within 5% in the 10 keV to 5 MeV neutron energy interval. A commissioning experiment was performed using proton beams delivered by the 9 MV Tandem accelerator of IFIN-HH. We measured the neutron production cross sections for proton induced reactions on nat Cu and 27Al. The (p, xn) reactions on nat Cu were investigated in the 4.5 MeV to 14 MeV proton energy range with 250 keV steps, using pulsed and continuous proton beams. The low energy measurements below 10 MeV served to validate the detection efficiency calibration against well-known natCu(p, n) cross sections. The 27Al(p, n) reaction was investigated in the 5.8 MeV to 6.75 MeV energy range with 5 keV steps. Preliminary cross section results are here compared with preceding data