23 research outputs found
Gradients in cytoarchitectural landscapes of the isocortex: Diprotodont marsupials in comparison to eutherian mammals
Although it has been claimed that marsupials possess a lower density of isocortical neurons compared with other mammals, little is known about crossâcortical variation in neuron distributions in this diverse taxonomic group. We quantified upperâlayer (layers IIâIV) and lowerâlayer (layers VâVI) neuron numbers per unit of cortical surface area in three diprotodont marsupial species (two macropodiformes, the red kangaroo and the parma wallaby, and a vombatiform, the koala) and compared these results to eutherian mammals (e.g., xenarthrans, rodents, primates). In contrast to the notion that the marsupial isocortex contains a low density of neurons, we found that neuron numbers per unit of cortical surface area in several marsupial species overlap with those found in eutherian mammals. Furthermore, neuron numbers vary systematically across the isocortex of the marsupial mammals examined. Neuron numbers under a unit of cortical surface area are low toward the frontal cortex and high toward the caudoâmedial (occipital) pole. Upperâlayer neurons (i.e., layers IIâIV) account for most of the variation in neuron numbers across the isocortex. The variation in neuron numbers across the rostral to the caudal pole resembles primates. These findings suggest that diprotodont marsupials and eutherian mammals share a similar cortical architecture despite their distant evolutionary divergence
Neocortical neuron morphology in Afrotheria: comparing the rock hyrax with the African elephant.
Acute Vaso-Occlusive Pain is Temporally Associated with the Onset of Menstruation in Women with Sickle Cell Disease
Correlation between Cocaine Prices and Purity with Trends in Emergency Department Visits in a Major Metropolitan Area
Acute exercise-related cognitive effects are not attributable to changes in end-tidal CO2 or cerebral blood velocity
Plasma Lycopene Is Associated with Pizza and Pasta Consumption in Middle-Aged and Older African American and White Adults in the Southeastern USA in a Cross-Sectional Study
Examination of the Utility of Psychotherapy for Patients with Treatment Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review
EspĂ©cies do gĂȘnero Munida Leach (Crustacea, Decapoda, Galatheidae), distribuĂdas na costa do Brasil Species of the genus Munida Leach (Crustacea, Decapoda, Galatheidae) with distribution in the Brazilian coast
<abstract language="eng">The purpose of this work is to analyse the taxonomy and distributional patterns of the species of the genus Munida Leach, 1820 which occur along the Brazilian coast. The species of Munida present some peculiar characteristics, rarely found in any other marine group. They live in groups with great number of individuals (gregariousness) and with several species found together in the same population (sintopy). In addition, they exhibit a great degree of intraspeciftc variation and, paradoxally, a little variability among the species. These factors make a better understanding of the systematics of this group very difficult. In the present study the utilization of non variable characters was emphasized. As a corollary of this study, "species-complexes" were defined including groups of species morphologically very similar but yet well characterized. Sixteen species with distribution along the Brazilian coast were studied. An identification key is provided. A general discussion where the main problems on taxonomy and distributional patterns of species were analysed was done