Reading, Writing and Gender in Early Modern Scotland

Peer reviewedPostprin

Engineering Curriculum Readiness: Implementing an Analytical and Communication Skills Building Course for the Technical Disciplines

Many domestic and international students arrive at college lacking the skills needed for academic careers in engineering or engineering technology. To support academic progress and develop essential skills, TECH 101, Engineering Technology Fundamentals, was proposed, approved, and funded by the School of Engineering and Technology at a large urban public university. The course offered students the preparatory skill development needed to begin an engineering or engineering technology major. TECH 101 facilitated a completely different approach, utilizing a very rare collaboration. Course design and implementation were championed by an experienced engineering technology instructor and a uniquely qualified faculty member whose background includes both transition to college expertise as well as second language acquisition. Drawing the two diverse skill-sets together resulted in context-based activities closely integrated with hands-on technical work, as well as development of a technical vocabulary and English language skills. A small group of learners participated in the initial course offering in the fall of 2014. This Work In Progress paper will explore the unique technical and preparatory course components that promote the support of underprepared domestic and international students

Improving the Performance of Single Chip Image Capture Devices

Single chip charge-coupled devices (CCDs) coupled with filters for isolating red, green, and blue color content are commonly used to capture color images. While this is more cost effective than multiple chip systems, best results are obtained when full RGB color information is obtained for every point in an image. The process of color subsampling in a single chip system degrades the resulting image data by introducing artifacts such as blurry edges and false coloring. We propose an algorithm for enhancing color image data that were captured with a typical single chip CCD array. The algorithm is based on stochastic regularization using a Markov random field model for the image data. This results in a constrained optimization problem, which is solved using an iterative constrained gradient descent computational algorithm. Results of the proposed algorithm show a marked improvement over the original sampled image data

The Small World of the University: A Classroom Exercise in the Study of Networks

A small world study is an easy way to introduce students to the challenges and rewards of network studies. Hypotheses about networks can be formulated and easily tested during the course of a term. Here, hypotheses about the communication patterns among undergraduates were tested by creating a small world study with an administrator as a target. Undergraduates were found to prefer to pass small world folders among their own class and did not pass folders to lower classes. Graduate students, faculty and staff were more closely connected to the administration as compared to undergraduate students, and freshmen were particularly isolated in communication networks. Women relied more on homophilous ties to pass folders compared to men, and both sexes relied on homophilous ties when passing folders across occupational boundaries

Portland’s Auction Success

The Portland Fish Exchange, opened in 1986 has grown into a highly successful auction. During the same period other auctions in New England have diminished in their importance. Other attempted display auctions on both the east and west coast of the United States have failed. What factors have made the Portland auction a success and are those factors transferable?Keywords: display auction, groundfis

Digital Epidemiology Reveals Global Childhood Disease Seasonality and the Effects of Immunization

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We would like to thank Fernando Gonzalez-Dominguez and Gilberto Vaughan for providing the chicken pox case reports from Mexico, and the Estonia Health Board, Department of Communicable Disease Surveillance and Control, for Estonian chicken pox case reports. KB would like to thank Mercedes Pascual, her lab, and Marisa Eisenberg for helpful comments. Jesus Cantu (research assistant, Princeton University) translated and categorized chicken pox searches from Mexico, Thailand, Australia, and the US.Peer reviewedPostprintPostprin

Literacy and mental disorders

Purpose of review: This review examines recent evidence on the comorbidity between literacy problems and psychiatric disorder in childhood and discusses possible contributory factors. Recent findings: Recent studies confirm the substantial overlap of literacy problems with a range of emotional/behavioural difficulties in childhood. Literacy problems and inattention may share genetic influences, contributing to associations with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. To an extent, links with conduct problems may be also mediated by attentional difficulties. In addition, findings suggest bidirectional influences whereby disruptive behaviours impede reading progress and reading failure exacerbates risk for behaviour problems. Associations between literacy problems and anxiety disorders are not entirely mediated by inattentiveness. Rather, comorbid anxiety disorders seem likely to arise from the stressors associated with reading failure. Findings in relation to depression are less consistent, but suggest that poor readers may be vulnerable to low mood. Children with autism seem more likely to face problems in reading comprehension than the decoding difficulties more prominent in other disorders. Summary: Literacy problems are associated with increased risks of both externalizing and internalizing disorders in childhood, with different mechanisms likely to be implicated in each case. When comorbid problems occur, each is likely to require separate treatment

Seeing futures now: Emergent US and UK views on shale development, climate change and energy systems

Shale development – extraction of oil and gas from shale rock formations using hydraulic fracturing or ‘fracking’ – has become a critical focus for energy debates in the US and UK. In both countries, potential industry expansion into new areas for shale extraction is expected to produce a wide range of environmental and social impacts and to change the configuration of future energy systems. To engage with emergent views on these complex, multi-scale issues, we held a series of day-long deliberation workshops (two in the US and two in the UK) designed and facilitated for diverse groups of people to discuss a range of possible consequences and meanings of shale development. Amid nuanced differences between and within national contexts, notable similarities in views were tracked across all four workshops. Concerns in common were not limited to specific risks such as water contamination. Participants also questioned whether shale development was compatible with their visions for and concerns about the longer-term future – including views on impacts and causes of climate change, societal dependency on fossil fuels, development of alternative energy technologies, the perceived short-term objectives of government and industry agencies, and obligations to act responsibly toward future generations. Extending prior qualitative research on shale development and on energy systems change, this research brings open-ended and cross-national public deliberation inquiry to bear on broader issues of climate change, responsibility, and ideas about how shale development might undermine or reinforce the energy systems that people consider important for the future