Anatomical development in soybean hypocotyls sensitive to temperature-dependent growth anomaly

The present study was initiated to: (1) characterize the anatomical development of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) hypocotyls from cultivars (Amsoy 71 and Beeson 80) sensitive to inhibition of hypocotyl elongation and excessive radial expansion when grown at 25 C, (2) describe the timing of changes in hypocotyl anatomy and the relationship of these changes to the inhibition of elongation, and (3) compare the anatomical development of hypocotyls from 25 C sensitive cultivars to hypocotyls of non-25 C-sensitive cultivars (Corsoy 79 and Oakland). Seedlings grown in rolled towels at 20, 25, or 30 C were sampled at days one through seven after planting to determine hypocotyl length, percent dry matter, and hypocotyl diameter. Cross-sectional diameter, cortex width, vascular cylinder diameter, pith diameter, and cell number and size of the pith and cortex regions were measured along a transect across the middle of cross-sections taken from a 2 cm region of the hypocotyl immediately below the hypocotyl hook. Hypocotyls collected on days two through seven from each temperature-cultivar combination were fixed and stored in FAA until examination. There was a temporal relationship between hypocotyl elongation, hypocotyl diameter, and cortex width. As hypocotyl length increased in response to increased temperature, there was an associated decrease in diameter and width of the cortex. Size of cortex cells, and to some degree cortex cell number, were responsible for the change in cortex width leading to a change cortex width and hypocotyl diameter. Alterations in hypocotyl diameter and length were most noticeable at days three and four after planting. At this time, the inhibition of elongation and increase in diameter of Amsoy 71 at 25 C was most evident, as were the linear responses to temperature among the other cultivars. Pith diameter contributed to the overall increase in diameter over time in all cultivars, but was not important in the differences in hypocotyl diameter among temperatures within each cultivar. It was concluded that calculation of hypocotyl diameter from length and weight data may underestimate diameter compared to direct measurement in cross-sections of hypocotyls less than three days old

Leading by example : the impact of a spiritual growth experience on a church staff

https://place.asburyseminary.edu/ecommonsatsdissertations/1225/thumbnail.jp

Legio XX Valeria Victrix: a prosopographical and historical study

This study of legio XX Valeria Victrix combines a prosopographical and historical approach to the study of the legion as a whole. Epigraphic and historical evidence is presented for all those individuals known to have served with the Twentieth Legion in their various capacities. Sources are quoted, with translation, for each of these and significant details of the careers discussed. Further aspects of careers generally are considered at the end of the relevant sections. This corpus is supported by a number of indices - of nomenclature, origins, ranks, service and posts held in other units etc., as well as an index of primary sources. Other inscriptions attesting to the presence of the Twentieth legion and its activities in various quarters of the Empire are also collected and presented. This epigraphic evidence is drawn together with that of the archaeological and historical sources, along with the copious modem literature on the subject of the Roman Army, to present a history of the Twentieth Legion from its formation out of the legions of the civil wars of the late Republic, to its uncertain end in the changing conditions of the late third and fourth centuries. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of individuals and the light that their careers can shed on the history and activities of the legion. Studies on a number of other aspects of the history and organisation of the legion are appended

Ring chromosome 18 abnormality in acute myelogenous leukemia: the clinical dilemma

The ring chromosome is a circular, structural abnormality composed of either multiple chromosomes or a single chromosome with loss of genetic material at one or both ends. This chromosomal rearrangement is often unstable with frequent recombinations and may be accompanied by either loss or amplification of genetic material[1]. Considering that ring chromosomes are rare in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), it is difficult to risk stratify patient prognosis, particularly when the ring chromosome occurs as the sole abnormality. Here we report a case of a ring chromosome 18 abnormality in a patient with newly diagnosed AML with monocytic differentiation. Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated 46, XY, r(18)(p11q21) karyotype in 19 of 34 evaluated metaphase cells. The patient received induction chemotherapy and subsequent allogeneic cord blood transplant from a sex-matched donor, and remained in hematologic and cytogenetic remission for 120 days post transplant. Soon after, he developed post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder and died of multi-organ failure. Although r(18) chromosomal abnormalities were not classified in the recent updated evidence-and expert opinion-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of AML (likely due to the small number of reported cases), the patient was treated as high risk with stem cell transplantation. This was based on the unstable nature of the ring chromosome and the poor outcomes described in the literature of patients with sole ring 18 abnormalities

Legio XX Valeria Victrix: a prosopographical and historical study

This study of legio XX Valeria Victrix combines a prosopographical and historical approach to the study of the legion as a whole. Epigraphic and historical evidence is presented for all those individuals known to have served with the Twentieth Legion in their various capacities. Sources are quoted, with translation, for each of these and significant details of the careers discussed. Further aspects of careers generally are considered at the end of the relevant sections. This corpus is supported by a number of indices - of nomenclature, origins, ranks, service and posts held in other units etc., as well as an index of primary sources. Other inscriptions attesting to the presence of the Twentieth legion and its activities in various quarters of the Empire are also collected and presented. This epigraphic evidence is drawn together with that of the archaeological and historical sources, along with the copious modem literature on the subject of the Roman Army, to present a history of the Twentieth Legion from its formation out of the legions of the civil wars of the late Republic, to its uncertain end in the changing conditions of the late third and fourth centuries. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of individuals and the light that their careers can shed on the history and activities of the legion. Studies on a number of other aspects of the history and organisation of the legion are appended

Knowns and unknowns for psychophysiological endophenotypes: Integration and response to commentaries

We review and summarize seven molecular genetic studies of 17 psychophysiological endophenotypes that comprise this special issue of Psychophysiology , address criticisms raised in accompanying Perspective and Commentary pieces, and offer suggestions for future research. Endophenotypes are polygenic, and possibly influenced by rare genetic variants. Because they are not simpler genetically than clinical phenotypes, they are unlikely to assist gene discovery for psychiatric disorder. Once genetic variants for clinical phenotypes are identified, associated endophenotypes are likely to provide valuable insights into the psychological and neural mechanisms important to disorder pathology. This special issue provides a foundation for informed future steps in endophenotype genetics, including the formation of large sample consortia capable of fleshing out the many genetic variants contributing to individual differences in psychophysiological measures.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/109647/1/psyp12358.pd

Teachers’ attitudes/professional standards and mathematics teaching efficacy beliefs regarding students with intellectual disability

This study investigated the mathematics teaching efficacy beliefs and attitudes/ Professional Standards of 5 teachers towards students with intellectual disability (ID) educated within a special school setting. The Mathematics Teaching Efficacy Beliefs of the teachers was measured using the Mathematics Teaching Efficacy Beliefs Instrument (MTEBI) developed by Enochs, Smith, and Huinker (2000). Questionnaires, constructed in accordance with the Australian Professional Standards for Teachers (AITSL, 2011) were administered to para-professionals to measure teachers’ attitudes/Professional Standards. The outcomes of the study showed that while all 5 teachers demonstrated high Outcome Expectancy and Self Efficacy beliefs in their ability to teach mathematics to students with ID, teachers’ expectations of their students were found to be low, inconsistent and high for 20%, 40% and another 40% of the teachers respectively

Modeling Surface and Subsurface Pesticide Transport Under Three Field Conditions Using PRZM-3 and GLEAMS

Contaminant transport models should be evaluated over a wide range of conditions to determine their limitations. The models PRZM and GLEAMS have been evaluated many times, but few studies are available in which predicted movement in runoff and percolate were simultaneously evaluated against field data. Studies of this type are essential because pesticide leaching and runoff are mutually dependent processes. For this reason, PRZM-3 and GLEAMS were evaluated for their ability to predict metribuzin concentrations in runoff, sediment, subsurface soil, and pan lysimeters under three field conditions (yard waste compost amended, no-till, and conventional-till) on a Lowell silt loam soil. Sensitive input parameters were either site specific (climatic, soil, and chemical) or calibrated (K-factor, C-factor, curve number). In general, both models under-predicted metribuzin concentration in runoff water, runoff sediment, subplow layer soil (15-75 cm), and pan lysimeter water (75 cm). Contrary to field data, both models predicted that a large percentage (\u3e 50%) of metribuzin would move below the “mixing zone” (top 1 cm) during the first rainfall event after application. Relatively little metribuzin was predicted to move beyond the plow layer (top 15 cm) into the pan lysimeters or subsurface soil throughout the simulation period, possibly due to the lack of a macropore component in the models. High metribuzin concentrations in sediment (field data) indicated that relatively little metribuzin moved below the “mixing zone”, possibly because of hysteresis but much of the metribuzin that did move was quickly transported into the pan lysimeters, probably due to macropore flow. GLEAMS more accurately predicted pesticide concentration in sediment and PRZM predicted subsurface soil concentration somewhat more accurately than GLEAMS. Little difference in accuracy was detected between models on metribuzin concentration in runoff or metribuzin concentration in percolate. Although both models generally under-predicted metribuzin concentration in runoff, runoff transport (mass of metribuzin in runoff) for the study period was over-predicted by both models which emphasizes the importance of accurately predicting herbicide concentration and runoff volume soon after application when the surface pesticide concentrations are highest

The development and evaluation of an individualised learning tool for mathematics students with intellectual disability: IMPELS

IMPELS is an Individualised Mathematics Planning and Evaluation of Learning Tool for Students with Intellectual Disability. IMPELS was evaluated against 3 number sense tools and subjected to standard validity and reliability assessments. Results obtained indicated that IMPELS correlated strongly with the tools, ranging from 0.70 to 0.91 and 0.45 to 0.70 for Pearson and Spearman’s Rho correlation coefficients respectively. Cronbach’s alpha and Spilt-Half Reliability (KR-20) was 0.96. IMPELS is useful for the collection of baseline data to inform the development of individual education plans (IEPs) and for monitoring the progress of learning of individual students

Urinary ATP and visualization of intracellular bacteria: a superior diagnostic marker for recurrent UTI in renal transplant recipients?

Renal transplant recipients (RTR) are highly susceptible to urinary tract infections (UTIs) with over 50% of patients having at least one UTI within the first year. Yet it is generally acknowledged that there is considerable insensitivity and inaccuracy in routine urinalysis when screening for UTIs. Thus a large number of transplant patients with genuine urine infections may go undiagnosed and develop chronic recalcitrant infections, which can be associated with graft loss and morbidity. Given a recent study demonstrating ATP is released by urothelial cells in response to bacteria exposure, possibly acting at metabotropic P2Y receptors mediating a proinflammatory response, we have investigated alternative, and possibly more appropriate, urinalysis techniques in a cohort of RTRs.Mid-stream urine (MSU) samples were collected from 53 outpatient RTRs. Conventional leukocyte esterase and nitrite dipstick tests, and microscopic pyuria counts (in 1 ?l), ATP concentration measurements, and identification of intracellular bacteria in shed urothelial cells, were performed on fresh unspun samples and compared to ‘gold-standard’ bacterial culture results.Of the 53 RTRs, 22% were deemed to have a UTI by ‘gold-standard’ conventional bacteria culture, whereas 87%, 8% and 4% showed evidence of UTIs according to leukocyte esterase dipstick, nitrite dipstick, and a combination of both dipsticks, respectively. Intracellular bacteria were visualized in shed urothelial cells of 44% of RTRs, however only 1 of the 23 RTRs (44%) was deemed to have a UTI by conventional bacteria culture. A significant association of the ‘gold-standard’ test with urinary ATP concentration combined with visualization of intracellular bacteria in shed urothelial cells was determined using the Fisher’s exact test.It is apparent that standard bedside tests for UTIs give variable results and that seemingly quiescent bacteria in urothelial cells are very common in RTRs and may represent a focus of subclinical infection. Furthermore, our results suggest urinary ATP concentration combined with detection of intracellular bacteria in shed urinary epithelial cells may be a sensitive means by which to detect ‘occult’ infection in RTRs