Anachronistic Grain Growth and Global Structure of the Protoplanetary Disk Associated with the Mature Classical T Tauri Star, PDS 66

We present ATCA interferometric observations of the old (13 Myr), nearby (86pc) classical T Tauri star, PDS 66. Unresolved 3 and 12 mm continuum emission is detected towards PDS 66, and upper limits are derived for the 3 and 6 cm flux densities. The mm-wave data show a spectral slope flatter than that expected for ISM-sized dust particles, which is evidence of grain growth. We also present HST/NICMOS 1.1 micron PSF-subtracted coronagraphic imaging of PDS 66. The HST observations reveal a bilaterally symmetric circumstellar region of dust scattering about 0.32% of the central starlight, declining radially in surface brightness. The light-scattering disk of material is inclined 32 degrees from face-on, and extends to a radius of 170 AU. These data are combined with published optical and longer wavelength observations to make qualitative comparisons between the median Taurus and PDS 66 spectral energy distributions (SEDs). By comparing the near-infrared emission to a simple model, we determine that the location of the inner disk radius is consistent with the dust sublimation radius (1400 K at 0.1 AU). We place constraints on the total disk mass using a flat-disk model and find that it is probably too low to form gas giant planets according to current models. Despite the fact that PDS 66 is much older than a typical classical T Tauri star (< 5 Myr), its physical properties are not much different.Comment: 31 pages, 7 figure

Teacher Classroom Management Practices in an Inclusive Virtual Setting

The main purpose of this study is to explore the special education teacher’s classroom management strategies engagement in an inclusive virtual setting among the selected teachers in Region VII and one City in Region VIII during remote learning. Five respondents from two regions of Visayas were chosen using convenience and purposive sampling techniques. The researchers of this study used Descriptive Qualitative research design following Colaizzi’s method in thematic analysis. An online interview questionnaire was distributed to the respondents through Google forms and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The results indicated that teacher classroom management strategies undeniably played a vital role to maximize students’ engagement in an inclusive virtual classroom. On this basis, it is recommended that teacher classroom management practices should also investigate the variables that limit students\u27 willingness to participate, as well as the importance of the entire class population in students’ engagement. And since our study solely identifies best practices and strategies to maximize student engagement, further study is needed to emphasize assessing teachers’ ICT skills, the parental factors, and appropriate assessment methods to give a greater understanding of the nature of why student engagement is declining in this new mode of learning

Comportamiento de la actividad comercial de San Juan de Pasto frente al fenómeno de la devaluación del peso en relación al dólar para el período 2014-2015 en las relaciones comerciales colombo ecuatorianas

El desarrollo de esta investigación tuvo como fin dar a conocer el comportamiento de la actividad comercial en la ciudad de San Juan de Pasto, mediante la realización de 149 encuestas realizadas a los comerciantes de la comuna uno de la ciudad. En el primer capítulo se analiza la estructuración de las empresas del sector, determinando su composición, los pros y contras existentes para los trabajadores así como unas conclusiones sobre el desarrollo de este, el segundo y el tercer capítulo están dedicados al volumen de compras y ventas para los periodos 2014-2015, respectivamente, para estos periodos se presentó una variación importante en la tasa de cambio del peso frente al dólar, ya que para un año se aumentaron las compras de productos importados y para el siguiente se presentó un incremento en el nivel de ventas de la mayoría de establecimientos encuestados, esto debido a que el municipio experimentó la llegada masiva de extranjeros a realizar compras, por lo que era más rentable hacerlas en esta ciudad que en su propio país. Finalmente en el capítulo cuarto se realiza una serie de propuestas las cuales pueden servir de base para dinamizar el comercio entre Colombia y Ecuador de tal manera que el municipio Pasto sea el más beneficiado a ser cercano a la frontera

Elaboración de cuentos urbanos basados en la experiencia personal como estrategia metodológica para mejorar la producción de texto

El presente texto presenta una herramienta didáctica basada en las vivencias personales como punto de partida para la elaboración de cuentos urbanos, apoyándose en diversas teorías que orientan tanto al docente como al estudiante en el empleo de nuevos instrumentos, permitiendo mejorar la producción textual, en los grados más avanzados de la secundaria de la jornada nocturna. Teniendo en cuenta que el bajo nivel de expresión textual es una dificultad que se presenta con frecuencia en los grupos de estudiantes de educación por ciclos, se hace pertinente elaborar estrategias para el mejoramiento de habilidades básicas comunicativas que le permitan al educando interactuar con su entorno de una forma efectiva; es decir, que explique y simultáneamente comprenda diferentes ideas a partir de una situación planteada.This paper presents an educational tool based on personal experiences as a starting point for the development of urban stories, based on various theories that guide both the teacher and the student in the use of new instruments, enabling improved text production in the most advanced high degrees of the night shift. Given the low level of textual expression is a difficulty that occurs frequently in groups of students of education cycles, it is appropriate to develop strategies for improving communication basic skills that allow the student to interact with their environment an effective way; that is, to explain and understand different ideas simultaneously from a raised position

Grain Growth and Global Structure of the Protoplanetary Disk Associated with the Mature Classical T Tauri Star, PDS 66

We present Australia Telescope Compact Array interferometric observations of the old (13 Myr), nearby (86 pc) classical T Tauri star (cTTS), PDS 66. Unresolved 3 and 12 mm continuum emission is detected toward PDS 66, and upper limits are derived for the 3 and 6 cm flux densities. The millimeter-wave data show a spectral slope flatter than that expected for interstellar medium-sized dust particles, which is evidence of grain growth. We also present HST/NICMOS 1.1 μm point-spread-function-subtracted coronagraphic imaging observations of the circumstellar environment of PDS 66. The Hubble Space Telescope observations reveal a bilaterally symmetric circumstellar region of dust scattering ~0.32% of the central starlight, declining in surface brightness as r ^(–4.53). The light-scattering disk of material is inclined 32° ± 5° from a face-on viewing geometry, and extends to a radius of 170 AU. These data are combined with published optical and longer wavelength observations to make qualitative comparisons between the median Taurus and PDS 66 spectral energy distributions. By comparing the near-infrared emission to a simple model, we determine that the location of the inner disk radius is consistent with the dust sublimation radius (~1400 K at 0.1 AU). We place constraints on the total disk mass using a flat-disk model and find that it is probably too low to form gas giant planets according to current models. Despite the fact that PDS 66 is much older than a typical cTTS (≤5 Myr), its physical properties are not much different

Emotional prejudice can lead to infra-humanization

Groups are social constructions with differences. People spontaneously attempt to explain differences between groups. Stereotypes often play this explanatory role. Specifically, group members tend to attribute different essences to social categories. Given widespread ethnocentrism, it is not surprising that individuals reserve “the human essence” for their ingroup, while other groups are attributed a lesser humanity. This phenomenon is called infra‐humanisation and happens outside people's awareness. Secondary emotions (e.g., love, hope, contempt, resentment) are considered uniquely human emotions in contrast to primary emotions (e.g., joy, surprise, fear, anger) that are shared with animals. The research programme summarised in this chapter demonstrates through various paradigms that members of groups not only attribute more secondary emotions to their ingroup than to outgroups, but are also reluctant to associate these emotions with outgroups. Moreover, people behave less cooperatively with an outgroup member who expresses himself with secondary emotions than with an ingroup member who uses the same terms. Interestingly, infra‐humanisation occurs for both high‐ and low‐status groups, even in the absence of conflict between groups

TGF-β receptor expression and binding in rat mesangial cells: Modulation by glucose and cyclic mechanical strain

TGF-β receptor expression and binding in rat mesangial cells: Modulation by glucose and cyclic mechanical strain.BackgroundTransforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a causal factor in experimental glomerulosclerosis, and it mediates the increased extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation that occurs in cultured mesangial cells (MCs) exposed to high glucose concentrations and cyclic mechanical strain. This change is associated with increased levels of TGF-β, but may also involve alterations in receptor expression and binding.MethodsRat MCs cultured in media containing either 8 or 35 mM glucose were seeded into culture plates with elastin-coated flexible bottoms. Thereafter, they were subjected to cyclic stretch or static conditions and then examined for125I-TGF-β1 binding and expression of TGF-β receptors at the gene and protein levels.ResultsKinetic studies showed that MCs bound TGF-β1 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, expressing 6800 high-affinity receptors per cell, with an apparent dissociation constant (Kd) of 15.4 pM, while cross-linking analysis identified three TGF-β receptors (βR) corresponding to βRI, βRII, and βRIII of 54, 73, and 200 kDa, respectively. Immunocytochemical studies of βRI and βRII protein revealed MC expression in a homogeneous, punctate distribution, whereas Northern analysis demonstrated the presence of the corresponding mRNAs. Exposure to cyclic stretching significantly increased (10%) the overall number of TGF-β receptors, whereas ligands associated with βRs I, II, and III also increased (25 to 50%). The finding of increased (30 to 40%) βRI and βRII transcript levels and immunoreactive protein (163 and 59%, respectively) in the absence of significant changes in the apparent Kd indicated that stretch-induced binding was the result of increased receptor synthesis and expression and not due to a change in binding affinity. In a similar, but more dramatic fashion, exposure to high glucose also elevated (50%) the receptor number, as well as the amount of ligands associated with βRs I, II, and III (100 to 250%). This same treatment also increased the levels of βRI and βRII mRNA (30 to 40%) and the immunoreactive protein (82 and 82%, respectively), without significantly altering the binding affinity of the receptor. A concerted or synergistic effect of both stimuli was not evidenced.ConclusionThese results suggest that the modulation of TGF-β receptors may be an additional control point in mediating the glucose- and mechanical force-induced increase in ECM deposition by MCs

Ponatinib in patients with refractory acute myeloid leukaemia: findings from a phase 1 study

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/99099/1/bjh12382.pd

Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: Placing Our Solar System in Context with Spitzer

We summarize the progress to date of our Legacy Science Program entitled "The Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems" (FEPS) based on observations obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope during its first year of operation. In addition to results obtained from our ground-based preparatory program and our early validation program, we describe new results from a survey for near-infrared excess emission from the youngest stars in our sample as well as a search for cold debris disks around sun-like stars. We discuss the implications of our findings with respect to current understanding of the formation and evolution of our own solar system.Comment: 8 postscript pages including 3 figures. To appear in "Spitzer New Views of the Cosmos" ASP Conference Series, eds. L. Armus et al. FEPS website at http://feps.as.arizona.ed