Legal View on the Introduction of New Technologies

According to the Concept of Long-Term Social and Economic Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020, in the next few years the imbalance in world trade, as well as capital flows, will continue to increase, which will lead to changes in foreign exchange rates. That is why the final goal is to promote priority national interests in the framework of bilateral and multilateral trade and economic relations with foreign countries. In pursuit of this goal, the following improvement of customs regulation, and export and currency control mechanisms in the Russian Federation will be aimed at reducing barriers to foreign economic activity of innovative enterprises. Achievement of the set goals today is subject to the influence of a constantly changing world and new technologies. New technologies are increasingly penetrating the life of modern society. Meanwhile, the speed of introduction of new technologies is such that point changes in current legislation will gradually nullify the effectiveness of legal regulation as a system. Therefore, the changes today should concern not only the monetary and financial sphere, but also take into account other areas. The article is devoted to the study of crucial problems of implementing modern technologies from the legal point of view. Thus, at the international level, uncertainty still remains over issues of currency and legal responsibility, which is largely due to various legal regulations. Starting in 2018, the new rules for calculating the liquidity of banks and the ratio of borrowed funds to assets will come into full force in the European Union. Several large banks in France, dissatisfied with the policy of the European Central Bank (ECB), even appealed to the European Court of Justice for a change in the rules. According to FxPro analysts’ reports, economic growth in Europe has accelerated slightly, and the ECB is on the verge of abandoning its ultra-easy monetary policy in the direction of neutral and is preparing for further tightening. One of the subjects of the research is the system of monetary relations from the point of view of analyzing the problems of ensuring its stability, including criminal and legal means. The purpose of this analysis is to illustrate how to protect the domestic foreign exchange market and the challenges facing the monetary system today. The article has been prepared on the basis of legal and technical analysis of legal norms, as well as comparative legal and formal logical methods and system analysis methodology. In the authors’ view, this could contribute to a uniform approach to the problem, without which it would be extremely difficult to achieve success. It is concluded that in view of new challenges facing the global economy and the emergence of cryptocurrency, it is necessary to rethink the phenomenon of currency crimes, to study the experience of combating monetary crimes in other countries and to evaluate the common mechanisms for combating currency crimes. However, this approach cannot be considered legitimate insofar as different interpretation of the same term in different branches of legislation does not allow full realization of the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens. After all, branches of legislation do not exist in isolation from one another, but are interrelated. It is concluded that the person conducting proceedings in a case can and is obliged, based on an analysis of the circumstances under consideration, to proceed from a comprehensive assessment of the category used in making the decision as applied to its understanding in aggregate in various branches of legislation. It is also necessary to create a universal state database for judges, prosecutors, investigators, etc., which would allow free cross-sectoral information exchange on the same subject. The new digital economy also requires retraining of civil servants and state employees, including the judiciary branch of government. At the same time, the article deals with the transformation of the legal profession in the future. It is concluded that classical legal education will not sink into oblivion. However, the lawyers of the future will play a slightly different role, namely, they will act as machinists, builders, operators and inventors of a useful model of legal relations for robot judges

The formation of a risk management system for projects in the field of aquaculture innovative development in the Kaliningrad region: a case study

This article sets out to develop the concept and the principal scheme of the formation of a risk management system for innovative economic development projects in the field of aquaculture. The research carried out by the authors helps identify the main problems and characteristics of risk management projects for the development of aquaculture in presentday Russia. The authors outline the status and features of aquaculture development projects in the North-western federal district and the Kaliningrad region. The article formulates and justifies the concept of “risk management projects in innovative development of aquaculture in the region” focusing on the classification of aquaculture risks in relation to innovative development projects, which expands the conceptual framework of risk management in view of the specific risks relating to economic development projects in the field of aquaculture. The authors characterize modern methods and approaches to risk management projects and organizations in the context of their application in the framework of aquaculture development projects and offer mechanisms for risk management of aquaculture development projects, which make it possible to include risk management activity in the general context of activities of parent project organizations. The authors develop the concept and principal scheme of the formation of risk management system for innovative development projects in aquaculture

КОНЦЕПТ МИФОЛОГЕМЫ ИСТОРИИ В РАКУРСЕ ОНТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ГНОСЕОЛОГИИ Н. ГАРТМАНА

Goal. The subject space of the article outlines the issues related to determining the status of historical knowledge in the paradigm perspective of rational culture. The article implements the concept of the mythologeme of socio-historical knowledge in the format of N. Hartmann’s theory of multilevel reality.Methods. The research is based on the concept of mythologem as an attributive form of history reproduction. The methodological basis of the research is based on the principles of neoclassical, phenomenological, logical-theoretical, and the system-synthetic approaches.Results. The history involved by a person in the process of organizing social knowledge is endowed by the cognizing subject with other qualities than it has objectively. This circumstance is due to the fact that history and the subject belong to opposite formats of reality. Establishing the parameters of correlation interaction between history and the subject of historical reflection provides opportunities to reveal the existential meanings of historical development. The mythologeme that arises as a result of the synthesis of the known and the supposed becomes one of the attributes of historical knowledge, the function of which is to combine images of the past with the cultural paradigm of the present. The mythologeme is defined not as an arbitrary reaction of the subject caused by an excess of his imagination, but as a consequence of the processes of adaptation of historical information to the corresponding type of culture.The scope of the results. The results can be used to form concepts for organizing a picture of socio-historical reality.Цель. Предметное пространство статьи очерчивает проблематику вопросов, связанных с определением статуса исторического знания в парадигмальном ракурсе рациональной культуры. В статье реализована концепция мифологемы социально-исторического знания в формате теории многоуровневой реальности Н. Гартмана.Методы. Основу исследования составляет концепт мифологемы как атрибутивной формы воспроизведения истории. Методологический базис исследования составили принципы неоклассического, феноменологического, логико-теоретического, системно-синтетического подходов.Результаты. История, вовлечённая человеком в процесс организации социального знания, наделяется познающим субъектом иными качествами, чем располагает объективно. Данное обстоятельство обусловлено принадлежностью истории и субъекта к противоположным форматам реальности. Установление параметров корреляционного взаимодействия между историей и субъектом исторической рефлексии предоставляет возможности раскрыть экзистенциальные смыслы освоения исторического. Мифологема, возникающая вследствие синтеза известного и предполагаемого, становится одним из атрибутов исторического знания, функция которого заключается в объединении образов прошлого с культурной парадигмой настоящего. Мифологема определяется не как произвольная реакция субъекта, вызванная избытком его воображения, а как следствие процессов адаптации исторической информации соответствующему типу культуры.Область применения результатов. Результаты могут быть задействованы для формирования концептов организации картины социально-исторической реальности

Technology of receiving fresh water from forcedly saturated air through the use of solar energy

At present, as a result of climate change and man-caused impact on the environment, fresh drinking quality water deficit is observed in many regions of the world. The sufficiency of fresh water provides high quality of living, the stabilization of the internal and foreign political situation, especially in developing countries. A lot of fresh drinking quality water production technologies are known today. Most of them consume a significant amount of energy and pose a considerable danger to the environment. As a source of energy, as a rule, hydrocarbon raw material is used, which is an exhaustible resource. The authors developed a technology for obtaining fresh water of drinking quality from atmospheric air using the solar energy. The article provides a substantiation of the way of fresh water production from air and also describes the energy balance in its implementation

Density and microstructural investigation of Ce:YAG ceramic subjected to powerful ultrasonic treatment during the compaction process

The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of the applied pressure, sintering temperature and ultrasonic treatment during the pressing process on the density and microstructure of translucent ceramics based on yttrium-aluminum garnet doped with cerium ions (Ce: YAG) obtained by conventional sintering of pressed compacts. The optimization of manufacturing conditions of the ceramics was carried out. It was shown that the ultrasonic treatment of initial powder in optimal sintering conditions leads to an increase in the relative density and grain size and decrease in the pore size of the sintered ceramics

Horizon-T Experiment Status

Horizon-T is an innovative detector system constructed to study Extensive Air Showers (EAS) in the energy range above 1016 eV coming from a wide range of zenith angles (0o - 85o). The system is located at the Tien Shan High-altitude Science Station of the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences at 3340 meters above sea level. It consists of eight charged particle detection points separated by distances up to one kilometer as well as an optical detector subsystem to measure the Vavilov-Cherenkov light from the EAS. The time resolution of charged particles and Vavilov-Cherenkov light photons passage of the detector system is a few ns. This level of resolution allows conducting a research of the atmospheric development of individual EAS. This report focuses on a general description of the detector system and the individual sub-systems providing an overview of the operations and latest results

Extensive Air Showers with Unusual Structure

The total of 23500 Extensive Air Showers (EAS) with the energy above 1016 eV have been detected during the 3500 hours of Horizon-T (HT) detectors system operations before Aug 2016. Among these EAS, more than a thousand had an unusual spatial and temporary structure that showed the pulses with several maxima (modals or modes) from several detection points of the HT at the same time. These modes are separated in time from each other starting from tens to thousands of ns. These EAS have been called multi-modal. Analysis shows that the multi-modal EAS that have been detected by Horizon-T have the following properties: 1. Multi-modal EAS have energy above 1017 eV. 2. Pulses with several modes are located at large distances from EAS axis. The overview of the collected data will be provided. General comments about the unusualities of the structure of the multi-modal EAS will be presented

Extensive Air Showers with Unusual Structure

The total of 23500 Extensive Air Showers (EAS) with the energy above 1016 eV have been detected during the 3500 hours of Horizon-T (HT) detectors system operations before Aug 2016. Among these EAS, more than a thousand had an unusual spatial and temporary structure that showed the pulses with several maxima (modals or modes) from several detection points of the HT at the same time. These modes are separated in time from each other starting from tens to thousands of ns. These EAS have been called multi-modal. Analysis shows that the multi-modal EAS that have been detected by Horizon-T have the following properties: 1. Multi-modal EAS have energy above 1017 eV. 2. Pulses with several modes are located at large distances from EAS axis. The overview of the collected data will be provided. General comments about the unusualities of the structure of the multi-modal EAS will be presented