Risk factors associated with acute myocardial infarction in the São Paulo metropolitan region: a developed region in a developing country

Objective To identify the risk factors associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and their respective powers of association in the São Paulo metropolitan region. Methods The cases comprised patients diagnosed with first AMI with an ST segment elevation. The controls were individuals with no known cardiovascular disease. The study comprised 271 cases and 282 controls from 12 hospitals. Risk factors were as follows: ethnic group; educational level; marital status; family income; family history of coronary artery disease; antecedents of arterial hypertension and of diabetes mellitus; hormonal replacement in women; smoking; physical activity; alcohol consumption; total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose levels; body mass index; and waist-hip ratio (WHR). Results The following risk factors showed and independent association with AMI: smoking [odds ratio (OR)=5.86; 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.25-10.57; P < 0.00001); waist-hip ratio (first vs. third tertile) (OR=4.27; 95% CI 2.28-8.00; P<0.00001); antecedents of arterial hypertension (OR=3.26; 95% CI 1.95-5.46; P< 0.00001); waist-hip ratio (first vs second tertile) (OR=3.07; 95% CI 1.66-5.66; P=0.0003); LDL-cholesterol level (OR=2.75; 95% CI 1.45-5.19; P=0.0018); antecedents of diabetes mellitus (OR= 2.51; 95% CI 1. 45-5.19; P=0.023); family history of coronary artery disease (OR=2.33; 95% CI 1. P=0.0005); P=0.011). Conclusion Smoking, waist-hip ratio, antecedents of arterial hypertension and of diabetes mellitus, family history of coronary artery disease, and LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels showed to be independently associated with AMI within the São Paulo metropolitan region

[pt] GLOSSÁRIO DE TERMOS COMPOSTOS EM CARDIOLOGIA: UMA PROPOSTA DE ELABORAÇÃO

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi elaborar um glossário português-inglês de termos compostos em cardiologia, com o auxílio de ferramentas eletrônicas de processamento de corpus baseadas em tecnologia de orientação automática. A motivação surgiu da verificação da escassez de material de consulta para tradutores e intérpretes na área médica em língua portuguesa e também da grande freqüência de ocorrência de termos compostos em medicina. O corpus desta pesquisa consistiu em vários artigos de uma revista científica mensal bilíngüe escritos originalmente em português por cardiologistas e traduzidos para o inglês pela pesquisadora, perfazendo um total de 21.872 palavras. Diferentes critérios de identificação de compostos foram utilizados, gerando uma lista em ordem alfabética com 271 termos, aos quais foram acrescentadas as traduções que constam dos textos publicados na revista acima referida. Daí resultou o glossário português-inglês com 271 termos compostos em cardiologia. A pesquisadora tece considerações sobre terminologia, disciplina que fundamentou a pesquisa, e sua relação com a tradução.This research aimed at developing a Portuguese-English glossary of compound terms in cardiology with the aid of electronic tools for corpus processing based on automation technology. The scarcity of reference material available for translators and interpreters in the medical area in Portuguese and the great frequency of occurrence of compound terms in the medical language motivated this research. The 21,872-word corpus consisted of several articles published in a monthly bilingual Brazilian scientific periodical, which is originally written in Portuguese by cardiologists and translated into English by the researcher. Different criteria were used for selecting the compound terms, yielding a 271-compound list in alphabetical order. Each term's corresponding English translation published in the scientific magazine was added to the list. The result was a Portuguese-English glossary with 271 compound terms in cardiology. Considerations on terminology, which served as basis for the research, and its relation to translation are provided