Fitossociologia do componente arbóreo de dois trechos de Floresta Estacional Perenifólia, Bacia do Rio das Pacas, Querência-MT

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509813317This study aimed to describe the tree component structure of two patches of Evergreen Seasonal Forest in Pacas River Basin in Querência municipality in Mato Grosso state, Brazil. The point-centered quarter method was applied to systematically distribute 200 points in pristine forest and 100 points in managed forest. In each quarter, the nearest tree to the sampling point with diameter at breast height equal or greater than 10 cm was included. Estimates of local species richness were obtained with the Jackknife 1 and the Jaccard index was used to determinate floristic similarity between the patches. Although the two forest patches have had distinct historical uses, with tree component structure distinct, the areas presented high floristic similarity (Cj=0.67), the local species richness was alike (57 species in pristine forest and 52 in managed forest) and the species with the highest importance value was the same in the both patches - Ocotea leucoxylon (Sw.) Laness. Despite the anthropogenic disturbances in the past, it is possible to conclude that the managed forest is in an advanced stage of regeneration as expected for the evergreen seasonal forests pattern since this forest is naturally less diverse than the Amazon ombrophilous forests.http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509813317Objetivou-se analisar a estrutura do componente arbóreo de dois trechos de Floresta Estacional Perenifólia na Bacia do rio das Pacas, Querência-MT. Foram distribuídos sistematicamente 200 pontos-quadrante em área preservada e 100 pontos em área alterada. Em cada ponto-quadrante foram medidos e identificados os quatro indivíduos mais próximos do ponto, adotando-se como critério de inclusão o diâmetro na altura de 1,30 m do solo ≥ 10 cm. Utilizou-se o estimador Jackknife 1 para estimar a riqueza específica e o índice de Jaccard para a similaridade florística entre os dois trechos. Embora os dois trechos apresentem históricos de alteração e preservação diferentes, com perfis fitossociológicos distintos, a similaridade florística entre eles foi alta (Cj=0,67), a riqueza específica foi similar (57 espécies na floresta preservada e 52 na alterada) e a espécie com maior Valor de Importância (VI) foi a mesma nos dois trechos - Ocotea leucoxylon (Sw.) Laness. Portanto, conclui-se que, apesar das alterações antrópicas sofridas no passado, o trecho de floresta alterado encontra-se em estágio avançado de regeneração para os padrões das florestas estacionais perenifólias, naturalmente menos diversas que as florestas ombrófilas amazônicas

Primeiro registro de melanismo no criticamente ameaçado gato-pampeano (Leopardus munoai), uma espécie endêmica das áreas abertas do Pampa

We report the first record of a melanistic individual of the critically endangered Pampa cat (Leopardus munoai), from July 8th, 2021, at 10:45 am (coordinates 30.096288° S; 54.941139° W) in the area of the Brazilian army, known as Campo de Instrução Barão de São Borja (CIBSB), popularly known as Saicã.Este trabalho reporta o primeiro registro de melanismo do criticamente ameaçado de extinção gato-pampeano (Leopardus munoai), realizado em 8 de julho de 2021, às 10:45 da manhã. O registro foi obtido nas coordenadas 30.096288° S; 54.941139° W na área do exército brasileiro Campo de Instrução Barão de São Borja (CIBSB), popularmente conhecida como Saicã

Pênfigo foliáceo em um gato de oito meses de idade: possível reação cutânea adversa a fármacos?

Background: Pemphigus foliaceus is an autoimmune skin disease whose the occurrence in feline clinic is uncommom. The etiology is unknown in most cases. Althought it is a rare condition in cats, pemphigus foliaceus can be induced by drugs. It may affect both adult and old cats with no sexual or racial predilection and diagnosis is based on animal historical, clinical examination and skin histopathology. Moreover, the treatment consists in immunosuppressive-based drugs. This paper describes a pemphigus foliaceus case in an eight-month-old kitten, probably due a cutaneous adverse drug reaction.Case: A 8-month-old, neutered male mongrel cat with crusted lesions located on face was examinated at the Veterinary Hospital. The owners reported that they had adopted the patient two months before the clinical presentation suggesting that this background was unknown. The cat was treated in a local veterinary clinic with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory for rhinotracheitis and herpetic dermatitis on face due to the occurrence of sneezing and crusted pruriginous dermatitis. The kitten presented erosions, purulent exudation and crusts on pinnae, nasal and supra ocular areas, paronychia with purulent exudate and alopecia at distal portion of the tail. Supplementary exams such as skin scraping, cytology and fungal culture were performed to rule out other agents and confirm the diagnosis. The parasitological and fungal examination resulted negative despite the fact that cytological exam showed coccoid bacteria. Complete blood count and biochemical profile showed no alteration and the test for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) resulted negative. Histological changes were consistent with intra-epidermal pustular subcorneal with acantholysis dermatitis. An immunosuppressive dose of prednisolona was prescribed for 15 days. After this time, the crusted lesions were substituted by alopecia areas. Every 20 days the corticosteroid dose was reduced by half and after 90 days, the patient showed repilation in all regions previously affected during 545 days whithout treatment.Discussion: Pemphigus foliaceus is usually an idiopathic disease but in some cases it may be induced by drugs and infectious or parasitic agents. Previous reports described that animals younger than 1 year-old and older than 17 year-old can be affected. However, the disease occurrence is rare in young cats. The age of onset of symptoms was early considering that the literature describes 5 years of age as an average for the starting of the disease. Pemphigus foliaceus is considered a pustular disease. However, pustule is rarely reported in cats in contrast with crusted lesions which are the most common clinical sign. The body regions affected were the same as reported in the literature with the addition of systemic signs as anorexia and lethargy. Fungal culture and parasitological examination should always be performed in cats with clinical evidence to discharge other agents. Diagnosis is made by skin histopathology in which acantholytic cells are the main characteristic. The importance of the differential diagnosis and skin biopsy regardless of age enabled the diagnosis and therapeutic success. It is suggested that Pemphigus foliaceus was of pharmacodermic etiology because of the age of the patient, a history of administration of unknown antimicrobial medication and the lack of recurrence of clinical manifestations after 545 days of the end of glucocorticoid treatmen

Combined meteorological, atmospheric stability and spray volume effect on the control of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize: Efeito combinado da condição meteorológica, estabilidade atmosférica e volume de calda no controle de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em milho

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is the most important maize pest in Brazil and can cause major yield losses. This study aimed determine which the most favorable meteorological and atmospheric stability conditions are for obtaining maximum control effectiveness of S. frugiperda in maize in insecticide applications with different spray volumes. An insect pest natural infestation field experiment was carried in the 2018/2019 season. Spinetoram (12 g a.i. ha-1) was applied three times along the crop cycle. The experimental design was in blocks with nine treatments and four replicates within each block, besides the maintenance of a control treatment without application, totaling 10 treatments. The evaluated factors were the atmospheric condition represented by three times of application (TOA: 8AM, 2 and 6PM) and three spray volumes (SV: 200, 300 and 400 L ha-1). S. frugiperda foliar feeding damage was evaluated using a numerical scale score. Meteorological conditions at the time of application and SV interfered in the pest control effectiveness. Lowest average damage scores were observed in applications carried out at 8 am, when the air and dew point temperatures were lower, and the relative humidity and wind velocity were higher than at 2 pm and 6 pm, and with SV of 400 L ha-1. For the most efficient treatment (8 am - 400 L ha-1) applied at 12/27/2018, the atmosphere was stable

Análise do crescimento de plantas de soja em função do uso de fungicidas para controle de Corynespora cassiicola no cerrado tocantinense/ Analysis of soybean plant growth as a result of the use of fungicides to control Corynespora cassiicola in the cerrado tocantinense

Os fungicidas produzem efeitos fisiológicos capazes de interferir no crescimento de vegetais e auxiliar na obtenção de melhor produtividade mesmo sem a presença de patógenos. Objetivou-se avaliar a realocação de fotoassimilados de plantas de Soja em função de quatro combinações de ingredientes ativos de fungicidas e um grupo controle. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de campo em estação experimental da Universidade Federal do Tocantins no município de Gurupi. O delineamento adotado foi o de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 x 3 com 4 repetições. O primeiro fator foi composto por cinco tratamentos: T1: Piraclostrobina, Epoxiconazol e Fluxapiroxade; T2: Fluxapiroxade e Protioconazol; T3: Fluxapiroxade e Oxicloreto; T4: Dimoxistrobina e Boscalida; T5: Sem aplicação de fungicida (Testemunha). O segundo fator foi composto pelas épocas de aplicação dos fungicidas: respectivamente, os estádios fenológicos R1, R3 e R5. Foram avaliadas as variáveis: percentual de flores e vagens, massa seca total, área foliar, área foliar específica, taxa de crescimento absoluto, taxa de crescimento relativo, peso de mil grãos e produtividade. As maiores taxas de crescimento das plantas foram observadas com o uso de Dimoxistrobina e Boscalida. O percentual de flores e vagens, massa seca total, área foliar, área foliar específica são influenciadas pelo tipo de fungicida aplicado. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas para o peso de mil grãos e produtividade

Espectro de gotas de pulverização e controle da ferrugem-asiática-da-soja em cultivares com diferentes arquiteturas de planta

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o espectro de gotas de pulverização ideal para o controle da ferrugem-asiática-da-soja (Phakopsora pachyrhizi), em cultivares com diferentes arquiteturas de planta. O experimento foi conduzido na safra de 2009/2010. A aplicação de fungicida (piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, com óleo mineral) foi avaliada com quatro espectros de gotas de pulverização - muito fino, <119 μm; fino, 119 a 216 μm; médio, 217 a 352 μm; e grosso, 353 a 464 μm -, em quatro cultivares de soja (BMX Apollo RR, NA 7636 RR, Fcep 53 RR e TMG 4001 RR) contrastantes quanto a índice de área foliar, estatura de plantas e número de ramos por planta. Foram quantificadas as variáveis: número de gotas por cm², diâmetro mediano volumétrico das gotas, área abaixo da curva de progresso da ferrugem-asiática e produtividade da soja. A definição do espectro de gotas a ser utilizado deve considerar a cultivar e as condições ambientais em que a pulverização será realizada. A magnitude da proteção exercida pelo fungicida varia de acordo com a cobertura de plantas e a penetração de gotas no dossel, proporcionada pelos diferentes espectros de gota. O espectro de gotas fino proporciona boa deposição de gotas, controle da doença e produtividade, independentemente da cultivar avaliada