Investigation of adsorption of chloroxexidine from spirituous solution on solid adsorbents

The results of the determination of the adsorption of chlorhexidine bigluconate on a solid surface from spirituous solutions of different concentrations at a constant temperature are given in the article. Different types of adsorption isotherms of chlorhexidine are shown on adsorbents of different chemical nature. Adsorbents with the highest sorption capacity for chlorhexidine have been identifiedВ статье приведены результаты определения адсорбции хлоргексидина биглюконата на твердой поверхности из спиртовых растворов разной концентрации при постоянной температуре. Показаны разные типы изотерм адсорбции хлоргексидина на адсорбентах разной химической природы. Выявлены адсорбенты с наибольшей сорбционной способностью к хлоргексидин

Cardiac tumors: analysis of surgical treatment

Aim. To analyze the preoperative status, intraoperative tumor characteristics and further clinical manifestations in patients after surgery for a cardiac tumor.Material and methods. The study included 54 patients who were operated on for a heart tumor from 2014 to 2020. We assessed clinical performance, diagnostic investigations before and after (during hospitalization) surgery, tumor size and histological characteristics.Results. Among patients operated on for cardiac tumors, women predominated (74%). Among comorbidities, hypertension (79,3%), chronic kidney disease (48,3%), and obesity (25,9%) were most common. There were following clinical manifestations before surgery: shortness of breath — 47 (81%) patients, palpitations and heart rhythm disturbance — 26 (44,8%), chest pain — 25 (43,1%), chest discomfort — 28 (49,1%), edema — 6 patients (10,3%). The predominant tumor localization was the left atrial fossa ovalis area (50%). According to histological analysis, myxoma prevailed — 38 cases (86,4%). After surgery, atrial fibrillation prevalence decreased from 8 patients before surgery to 6 after surgery (p=0,034), while left atrial size decreased by 0,6 mm (95% confidence interval, 4,39-6,2 mm) (p<0,001).Conclusion. According to presented analysis over a 6-year period, cardiac neoplasms are more common in women (74,1%), while the mean age of patients is 59,7 years. Among comorbidities, hypertension prevails — 79,3%. Histological examination revealed a predominance of myxoma (86,4%). Predominant tumor location was the left atrial fossa ovalis area (50%). Surgical treatment of neoplasms was effective. So, prevalence of atrial fibrillation decreased by 25%, while left atrial size decreased by 0,6 mm. Postoperative complications and in-hospital deaths were not registered

Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Down's disease

Down's syndrome is one of the most common genetic diseases. Recent studies have indicated that gene dosage effects and imbalance of gene expression underlie the disease. There is a review of the data available in the literature that in Down's syndrome there is oxidative stress that gives rise to oxidative injury and mitochondrial DNA dysfunction and seemingly determines the severity of neurodegenerative disorders. The role of coenzyme Qlo in bioenergy metabolism and the possibility of its use to correct metabolic and psychoneurological disorders in children with Down's syndrome are discussed

Severe Bloch—Sulzberger syndrome in a newborn baby

The diagnosis of neonatal skin diseases is often a complicated interdisciplinary problem. The authors present the data available in the literature data and their clinical observation of a newborn baby with Bloch—Sulzberger syndrome, a rare genetic dermatosis. The specific feature of the observation is the development of the disease immediately after birth and its complex differential diagnosis. Central nervous system involvement as epilepsy syndrome determines the severity of the patient's condition and seriously affects the prognosis of the disease. The issues of in-depth studies using molecular genetic technologies that enhance the value of medical genetic counseling to the family are discussed

Diagnostic value of blood coenzyme Qlo levels in children with mitochondrial diseases

То establish the diagnostic value of a change in the indicator coenzyme Qlo, its blood levels were tested in 15 children with mitochondrial diseases (Group 1). A comparison group consisted of 13 children with neurodegenerative diseases (Group 2). A control group included 29 healthy children of the same age. In Group 1 patients, the mean coenzyme Qlo level (0,56+0,06 mcmol/1) did not differ from that in the control group. However, these patients had a considerably lower coenzyme Q10/cholesterol ratio (0,10+0,01; /K0,001). The patients in the older age subgroup were found to have a significantly lower coenzyme Qlo level, which seems to reflect the progressive nature of the abnormality. There was a trend for the coenzyme Q10/cholesterol ratio to decline with age. Group 2 children had higher blood coenzyme Qlo levels (1,53+0,23; /K0,001) than Group 1 and an increased Q10/cholesterol ratio (0,31+0,04; /K0,001). It is advisable to continue the investigation to provide a rationale for using low coenzyme values as an additional criterion for the differential diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases

Interplay between hippocampal TACR3 and systemic testosterone in regulating anxiety-associated synaptic plasticity.

Tachykinin receptor 3 (TACR3) is a member of the tachykinin receptor family and falls within the rhodopsin subfamily. As a G protein-coupled receptor, it responds to neurokinin B (NKB), its high-affinity ligand. Dysfunctional TACR3 has been associated with pubertal failure and anxiety, yet the mechanisms underlying this remain unclear. Hence, we have investigated the relationship between TACR3 expression, anxiety, sex hormones, and synaptic plasticity in a rat model, which indicated that severe anxiety is linked to dampened TACR3 expression in the ventral hippocampus. TACR3 expression in female rats fluctuates during the estrous cycle, reflecting sensitivity to sex hormones. Indeed, in males, sexual development is associated with a substantial increase in hippocampal TACR3 expression, coinciding with elevated serum testosterone and a significant reduction in anxiety. TACR3 is predominantly expressed in the cell membrane, including the presynaptic compartment, and its modulation significantly influences synaptic activity. Inhibition of TACR3 activity provokes hyperactivation of CaMKII and enhanced AMPA receptor phosphorylation, associated with an increase in spine density. Using a multielectrode array, stronger cross-correlation of firing was evident among neurons following TACR3 inhibition, indicating enhanced connectivity. Deficient TACR3 activity in rats led to lower serum testosterone levels, as well as increased spine density and impaired long-term potentiation (LTP) in the dentate gyrus. Remarkably, aberrant expression of functional TACR3 in spines results in spine shrinkage and pruning, while expression of defective TACR3 increases spine density, size, and the magnitude of cross-correlation. The firing pattern in response to LTP induction was inadequate in neurons expressing defective TACR3, which could be rectified by treatment with testosterone. In conclusion, our study provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay between TACR3, sex hormones, anxiety, and synaptic plasticity. These findings highlight potential targets for therapeutic interventions to alleviate anxiety in individuals with TACR3 dysfunction and the implications of TACR3 in anxiety-related neural changes provide an avenue for future research in the field