Wage and Income Inequality in Slovenia, 1993-2002

This paper analyses the dynamics of wage and income inequality in Slovenia from 1993 to 2002, using two different data sources. The first is obtained by extracting relevant information on wage earners from the personal income tax (PIT) database and the second is obtained using published data on wages and the wage distribution. Analyses of both datasets clearly show a large increase in wage inequality in the period 1993-1995. However, even after 1995 wage inequality has been creeping up. To a large degree, we ascribe the major increase in wage inequality to the rapid development of a full-fledged market economy and also to the changing PIT legislation. A growing individualization of wage contracts doubtlessly also contributed to increased inequality. In addition, our analysis touches upon the effects of the tax system and shows that the tax system significantly moderated the large increases in income inequality.income distributions, income inequality, Slovenia, transition, wages, wage contracts

Perception of Income Satisfaction: An Analysis of Slovenian Households

Three comparable cross-section household datasets, relating to 1988, 1993 and 1997-1999 are used to analyse income satisfaction in Slovenian households. The ordered probit model is used to estimate the effects of ‘objective’ variables, such as actual disposable household income and household size on the perceived (subjective) economic well-being of the household. Variables that tend to capture income aspirations are also included, such as variables describing the socioeconomic structure of the household (share of children, share of elderly persons) as well as a variable denoting household wealth (homeownership). The estimated effects of these variables are all of the expected sign. Though unemployment results mostly in high non-pecuniary costs, it also has a strong negative influence on subjective economic well-being. Our results are in fine agreement with similar - but quite rare - studies on subjective economic well-being in other countries in transition.economic well-being, income satisfaction, transition, Slovenia

Institutional change in search of the market: The case of Slovenia

Six main characteristics of an economic order are discussed and empirically evaluated for the case of Slovenia. All of them pertain to the institutional setting ab urbe condita; they comprise the legal and jurisdictional situation, the role of private property, the institutionalised strive at competition among firms and individuals, the liberty of markets, the solution of the big assignment problem, and the approach to foreign-trade relations. All six aspects impinge upon the conditions which confront investors in material and in human capital in Slovenia. The analysis shows that Slovenia has had, for three years now, by and large the same problems that other countries in transition had. For example, it still has, among others, tight regulations regarding foreign exchange transactions, and a highly socialist property system burdened with too complicated procedures of privatisation. The authors conclude that in Slovenia, as in the other formerly socialist economies, transformation should first and foremost aim at being coherent. Secondly, first things should come first; the first thing would be to privatise. With a proper approach of institutional reforms there should be no barrier to achieving two-digit rates of real growth, just like Germany had after transition into a market economy in 1949.

Syntheses of Pyridazine Derivatives. I. Structure of 3-Mercapto- 6(1H)-pyridazinethione and its Addition to Some Unsaturated Systems

The structure of 3-mercapto-6(1H)-pyrida:dnethione is discussed. On the basts of spectroscopic evidence and pK values, structure (I) is proposed, with an important contTibution of the dipolar character. Some addition reactions on unsaturated systems, e.g. acrylonitrile, ethyl acrylate and cyclopentadiene, were performed affording invariably S-alkylated derivatives

Some Derivatives of Perhydro-imidazo(l,5-a)pyridine and Perhydro-pyrrolo(l,2-c)imidazole

Some derivatives o:t perhydro-imidazo(l,5-a)pyridine and -pyrrolo(l,2-c)imidazole were synthesized and a new synthetic route was also developed. This synthesis and other chemical and spectroscopical evidence indicates the structure for these substances with the exo-cyclic sulphur

Synthesis of Isomeric 3-Aminopyridopyrimidin-4(3H)ones

It could be established that the reaction between hydrazine and enamines, formed from ethyl 2(or 3)-aminopyridine-3(or 2)carboxylates and diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate or ethyl ethoxymethylenecyanoacetate, afforded 3-aminopyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin- 4(3H)one or 3-aminopyrido(3,2-d)pyrimidin-4(3H)one, respectively. Similarly, these aminopyridinecarboxylates condense with N,N- dimethylformamide dimethylacetal and react further with hydrazine to give the same bicyclic compounds

Contribution to the Structm·e of 2,5-Dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole and Related Compounds

The structure of 2,5 - dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole and some derivatives was studied from the dependence of UV spectra on pH and H 0 and a monomercapto monodipolar structure is proposed. Evidence was presented tha t addition reactions of 2,5-dimercapto- 1 ,3,4-thiadiazoles on unsaturated systems proceed with the formation of S-akyla ted derivatives involving thus the mercapto group