Hate Watching Trash TV: Intersections of Class and Anti-Fandom

Hate watching has been described as fun and campy (Nussbaum, 2012); a form of self-deception in viewers who refuse to admit they like shitty things (Davies, 2013); a frustrating inability to let go of a show one no longer enjoys (Drumming, 2013); or a colossal waste of time (Goodman, 2013). Despite its popularity in entertainment journalism, hate watching remains largely unexplored in academic literature. Jonathan Gray (2003) argues for the importance of critically examining anti-fans as part of audience studies. He finds that anti-fans have a complex, if oppositional, reading of the text that is often just as critical as that of fans. I propose that educated middle-class viewers use the discourse of hate watching to distance themselves from the trashy TV shows they consume in order to protect their cultural capital from erosion. This research examines the results of my interviews with 18-35-year-old university students, who hate watch

PATHOGENIC VARIABILITY OF ASCOCHYTA LENTIS IN BULGARIA

Ascochyta blight, caused by Ascochyta lentis Vassiljevsky, is an important foliar disease of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) with worldwide occurrence and is a serious threat to lentil production. The investigation involved 13 isolates of Ascochyta lentis. The pathogen was isolated from naturally infected lentil plants from various locations in Bulgaria, using an agar plate method. Inoculum was also producedby growing  isolates on LDA. Ten plants (3 weeks old) of each of the cultivars were sprayed with a freshly prepared spore suspension (105 conidia mL-1). Disease symptoms were scored 14 days after inoculation. The virulence of the isolates was determined with the help of 11 lines and cultivars of lentil (ILL 358, ILL 5480, ILL 2429, ILL 5725, ILL 7537, Laird, Ilina, Bella, Nadejda, Naslada, Zornitsa). Based on the reaction of the used genotypes, the investigated isolates of Asc. lentis were grouped into seven pathotypes. The observations in the present study revealed a significant variation amongthe isolates of Ascochyta lentis for morphological traits as well as for pathogenicity

Destination image of Bulgaria: Comparative analysis of representations of Bulgaria in state authorities' and UK and Irish tour operators' brochures and websites

Desttination image is becoming a popular topic, nowadays, when the tourism industry marks its boom. The importance of marketing destinations is believed to be an esential part of promoting destinations. The growing number of destinations, competing in the international marketplace, poses a challenging situation of a merciless competition among them. A destination's tourism authorities try to present their country at the best possible way as a perfect blend of culture, nature, unforgettable experiences, which will be able to attract tourists, thus increasing tourists' receipts in the destination. Bulgaria is an emerging destination on the worldwide tourism marketplace. A former Communist country and one of the new members of the European Union, the country is trying to find its place amongst the other competing destinations by offering tourists breathtaking scenery, rich cultural and historical heritage, hospitable people and delicious cuisine. Great Britain and Ireland are of a significant importance to Bulgaria, especially the UK is one of the primary markets for the country in terms of number of tourists. Six brochures produced by the Bulgarian State Agency of Tourism for marketing campaign 2008 and the official website of Bulgaria(www.bulgariatravel.org) will be analysed both in terms of content and images. Eleven British and Irish tour operators have been selected as a sample for evaluating their promotional tools(brochures and websites) about Bulgaria. A content analysis as a qualitative method is used to compare the two parties' promotional techniques. The results of the findings part of the disertation aim to find out what image of Bulgaria has been created by two independent but very important to tourists sources - the Bulgarian tourism authorities and tour operators from two major, for the country, target markets. The results from the comparison of the brochures and websites reveal that the image of Bulgaria created by the tour operators is cheap destination, whereas the BSTA presents the country as a destination of endless natural beauty, rich cultural and historical heritage, hospitable people and delicious food. The task of creating a strong brand image of a destination is extremely difficult, time consuming and challenging; however Bulgaria possesses a great potential to turn into a popular destination by taking advantage of all its tangible and intangible resources and by implementing effective marketing techniques

Progress in tetraploid wheat breeding through the use of synthetic hexaploid amphiploids

Four amphiploid lines (SHW) based on T. monococcum (Tm) and T. boeoticum (Tb) were crossed to T. durum varieties to generate 13 combinations. Field germination and winter survival of hybrid plants in F2 were assessed. Among all crosses, those with SHW8A-Tb and SHW9A-Tm showed highest field germination but with different degrees of spike fragility. The variation on seed number and weight per main spike was studied in F4–6 from SHW8ATb/ Progres and SHW5A-Tb/Severina crosses after individual selection for these traits. Ten lines with durum phenotype from the former and three genotypes with dicoccum plant shape from the latter cross were developed. SDS-PAGE indicated the presence of HMW-GS 1Ax2*+1Aynull subunits in four lines, among which 1Ax2* was inherited from T. boeoticum acc.110 through SHW8A-Tb. Most of the selected genotypes possessed γ-gliadin45, which was relating to good end-use quality. Powdery mildew testing showed that all progenies resulted from the SHW8A-Tb/Progres were susceptible to 12 races of the pathogen, while three lines derived from the SHW5A-Tb/Severina cross behaved differently: G32 expressed resistance to six, G33 to 2, and G34 to 5 races. The selected genotypes from crosses involving SHW with T. boeoticum exhibited good breeding performance compared to tetraploid wheat parents, and might be of breeding interest to further research

High Yielding Triticale Lines With High Resistance to Powdery Mildew and Stem Rust

Higher attacks by some fungal diseases are observed in triticale in the recent years. Together with yellow and brown rust, powdery mildew and stem rust are main economically important diseases on triticale. The breeding for resistant cultivars is economically the most efficient and environmentally friendly method for disease control. During 2015 ndash%253B 2016, 43 triticale lines were selected, which had shown resistance to the causative agents of powdery mildew (Blumeri graminis f.sp. tritici %253D Erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici) and stem rust Puccinia graminis. f.sp. tritici, and which possessed very good economic parameters. The investigation was carried out in an artificial infection field at Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute. The lines were divided into two groups according to their resistance to the studied pathogens and their productivity. All lines were analyzed for production potential. Triticale lines 102%252F99-212, 211%252F05-107, 63%252F08-89, 218%252F08-97 and 93%252F08-87 demonstrated full resistance to the causative agents of powdery mildew and stem rust and possessed productivity exceeding the used standard with over 20 %25. Lines 63%252F08-86, 63%252F01-293, 63%252F08-83, 100%252F08-93, 218%252F08-81, 100%252F08-87, 11%252F07-95, 195%252F05-120, 113%252F07-86, 111%252F07-102, 93%252F08-89, 63%252F08-88, 63%252F08-79, 157т%252F9-4, 196%252F06-135, 195%252F05-148 combined high productivity with full resistance to powdery mildew and good resistance to stem rust

BREEDING OF CEREAL CROPS AT DOBRUDZHA AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE – GENERAL TOSHEVO, BULGARIA

The climate of Bulgaria is very diverse in spite of its small territory. The soil and climatic conditions in the region where Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute is situated are suitable for obtaining high and stable yields from all winter cereals. The breeding program of the institute is aimed at developing high-yielding cultivars of common and durum wheat, triticale, malting and feed barley adaptable to growing under variable soil and climatic conditions. The aim of this investigation is to present the major directions, problems and achievements of the breeding work on the winter cereals at Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute.The results were summarized on several levels:Evaluation of the risk factors for the development, the yield formation and the quality indices;Developing and study on a gene pool of the best world and Bulgarian accessions;Developing of own initial material by using the methods of intervarietal hybridization, experimental mutagenesis and other biotechnology approaches;Developing of a more efficient methodology for field and laboratory evaluation of the breeding materials;Testing of new varieties and production of certified planting material.The portfolio of the institute is quite variable. From the cultivars developed here, 36 genotypes of common wheat and 5 genotypes of durum wheat, 11 triticale cultivars and 6 winter barley varieties have been included in the National Vareital List of Bulgaria

Acceptance of Others, Feeling of Being Accepted and Striving for Being Accepted Among the Representatives of Different Kinds of Occupations

This paper deal with an important issue related to the human attitudes and needs in interpersonal and professional aspects. The theoretical part deals with several psychological components of the self-esteem and esteem of the others – acceptance of the others, feeling of being accepted, need for approval. Some gender differences in manifestations of acceptance and feeling of being accepted at the workplace are discussed. This article presents some empirical data for the degree of acceptance of others, feeling of being accepted, and the strive for being accepted among the representatives of helping, pedagogical, administrative and economic occupations, as well as non-qualified workers. The goals of the study were to reveal the interdependency between these constructs and to be found some significant differences between the representatives of the four groups of occupations. The methods of the first study were W. Fey’s scales “Acceptance of others”, and “How do I feel accepted by others”. The method of the second study was Crown and Marlowe Scale for Social Desirability. The results indicated some significant differences in acceptance of others and feeling of being accepted between the non-qualified workers and the representatives of helping, administrative and economic occupations. There were not any significant difference in strive for being accepted between the four occupational groups. Language: Bulgaria

Phenolic Compounds Composition of Hypericum perforatum L. Wild-Growing Plants from the Republic of Macedonia

The aim of this study was to provide comprehensive understanding of phenolic compounds composition in roots (RO), non-flower shoots (NFS) and flower shoots (FS) of Hypericum perforatum wild-growing plants from the Republic of Macedonia. Identification of phenolic compounds in plant methanolic extracts was performed by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS analysis. Chlorogenic acid and 3-p-coumaroylquinic acid were identified in NFS and FS, while 3-feruloylquinic acid was detected in RO and FS extracts. From the group of flavan- 3-ols, (epi)catechin and procyanidins were found in all tested samples, whereas catechin and B-type procyanidin dimer were confirmed in NFS and FS. Four flavonol glycosides (hyperoside, rutin, quercitrin and kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside) were identified in aerial parts. Guaijaverin and kaempferol 3-O-glucoside were exclusively found in NFS. Quercetin, amentoflavone and I3-II8 biapigenin as flavonoid aglycones were detected only in FS extracts. The NFS and FS extracts showed a capability for the accumulation of cyanidin 3-O-glycoside and cyanidin 3-O-rhamnoside, as well for hyperforin and adhyperforin. Naphthodianthrones were represented with pseudohypericin, hypericin and  protopseudohypericin  in  FS, while only hypericin was detected in NFS. Six xanthones, γ-mangostin, 5-O-methyl-2- deprenylrheediaxanthone B, garcinone C, 3,6-dihydroxy-1,5,7-trimethoxy-xanthone, cadensin G and cadensin C were exclusively confirmed in RO extracts. Padiaxanthone was detected in NFS, while dimethylmangiferin in FS extracts. The major finding of this study is the identification of novel xanthones in H. perforatum roots that could be potentially used as bioactive compounds in food and pharmaceutical industry