The results of the study of the qualitative parameters of the multifunctional seeding machine

The article presents a constructive scheme of a multifunctional seeding apparatus and substantiates the relevance of its use for agricultural producers of the Southern Federal district with a total area of arable land up to 50-70 hectares. This multifunctional seeding machine allows sowing in various ways for each crop. To assess the qualitative performance of the multifunctional seeding machine in Kuban State University named after I. T. Trubilin, a private methodology and experimental setup were developed at the PriMa department. A mathematical model of the frequency of a single seed supply by a multifunctional seeding machine for sowing corn and wheat has been developed. The parameters for the rational mode of operation of the multifunctional sowing machine for sowing wheat and corn have been determined: the rotation frequency of the disk n, the pressure in the seed chamber P and the frequency of a single seed supply is M for sowing wheat and corn. It was found that the frequency of a single seed supply during wheat sowing is more influenced by the value of excess pressure in the seed chamber. The frequency of a single seed supply during corn sowing is greatly influenced by the value of excess pressure in the seed chamber

Design and technological scheme of a multifunctional seeding unit

Currently, the vast majority of agricultural producers in the Southern Federal District with a total area of arable land up to 50-70 hectares cultivate three main crops, namely grain ears, usually winter wheat, and row crops – corn for grain and sunflower. Grain ear crops are sown in the usual ordinary way, and row crops use the dotted method. These key agrotechnological features lead to the need to use different sowing machines equipped with different types of sowing units. Since the vast majority of agricultural producers of the Southern Federal district with a total area of arable land up to 50-70 hectares do not use monoculture in the structure of crops, this leads to a low annual load of these seeders. This is through deductions for depreciation, maintenance service and repairs inevitably affect the final cost of production. It should also be noted that often, due to the high cost of sowing machines, small agricultural producers are not able to purchase the required agricultural machinery, in addition, this is most often not economically feasible. The use of hired units does not allow sowing in the specified agrotechnical terms, which significantly reduces their productivity and quality parameters. The use of specialized seeders leads to an increase in metal consumption and multi-marking on the farm. This problem can be solved by using a multifunctional seeding machine (MSU). This will make it possible to abandon the use of specialized seeders and perform sowing of grain and row crops with the same machine by carrying out conversion for a specific crop. We have de-scribed the design scheme of the MSU and the principle of its operation. The technical result of the development is also presented and the way to achieve is described