The LIDA Allport agent's cycle times at which the agent did not perceive movement (n = 12).

<p>The LIDA Allport agent's cycle times at which the agent did not perceive movement (n = 12).</p

The display and conscious percept in Allport's experiment.

<p>τ denotes the total cycle time. At cycle times τ >S, subjects could see multiple lines moving together (left panel). At τ = S, subjects saw all lines simultaneously and perceived no movement (right panel).</p

Average cycle times at which subjects did not perceive movement in Allport's experiment (n = 12. σ denotes the standard deviation).

<p>Average cycle times at which subjects did not perceive movement in Allport's experiment (n = 12. σ denotes the standard deviation).</p

The LIDA cognitive cycle, and the durations of the perception, understanding and action phases.

<p>The LIDA cognitive cycle, and the durations of the perception, understanding and action phases.</p

A histogram of the LRT agent's performance at the reaction time task.

<p>The blue bars represent the reaction time in single trials. The figure shows n = 30 trials; the average reaction time is 283 ms. The dashed blue line is LRT's average reaction time; the dotted black line represents human reaction time (200 ms, see Decision Making/Action Selection subsection).</p

Theta-gamma coupling.

<p>Three gamma cycles are sequentially “embedded” in a theta cycle. (A), (B), and (C) depict the temporal activity pattern of three different neuronal assemblies oscillating in the gamma range. Each is phase-locked to the underlying theta rhythm with a different phase offset, as indicated by the dashed lines. This type of coupling is known as phase-amplitude coupling, because the amplitude modulation of each gamma pattern is locked to a particular phase of the theta pattern (S).</p

Phase synchrony between two oscillations.

<p>The upper part shows two oscillations (in red and blue), and the lower part their phase-differences. In the two gray areas framed by dotted lines the oscillations are highly phase synchronous and the phase differences are low. Such phase-synchrony in the gamma band has been proposed to be responsible for perceptual binding (for example, cortical columns representing the same object are gamma synchronized).</p

Major brain areas involved in action selection.

<p>The left panel shows the brain areas involved when making voluntary actions; the right panel, object-oriented (stimulus driven) actions.</p

The timing of a single cognitive cycle.

<p>The perception sub-process is estimated to take P = 80–100 ms, the time until conscious processing C = 200–280 ms, the action selection sub-process A = 60–110 ms, and the entire cognitive cycle is hypothesized to take D = 260–390 ms.</p

The three phases of the LIDA cognitive cycle.

<p>A stimulus comes in from the environment via the senses. The perception sub-process includes obtaining this data, detecting features, and recognizing objects, categories and events. The understanding sub-process includes making sense of the perceived information and selecting the most relevant, urgent or novel information, which is included in the conscious broadcast (the agent is only consciously aware of the contents of this broadcast). Finally, the action selection sub-process selects the action best serving the agent's goals, based on the conscious broadcast contents.</p