Neural network analysis of electroencephalograms based on their graphical representation

The article is devoted to the problem of recognition of motor imagery based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, which is associated with many difficulties, such as the physical and mental state of a person, measurement accuracy, etc. Artificial neural networks are a good tool in solving this class of problems. Electroencephalograms are time signals, Gramian Angular Fields (GAF) and Markov Transition Field (MTF) transformations are used to represent time series as images. The paper shows the possibility of using GAF and MTF EEG signal transforms for recognizing motor patterns, which is further applicable, for example, in building a brain-computer interface

Problems of Educational Processes Development and Labor Market Needs Analysis in Russia

This article is dedicated to the analysis of the problems of the educational process development and its relation to the labor market. Main problems caused by inconsistency of the education system and labor market needs were revealed. The study of the educational expectations and needs of graduates and students (using questionnaires) was made herein. Labor market analysis wad done to show the main negative and positive aspects of its development. Market industry forecast trends and the education market tendency for the next few years were built to reveal disproportion of the industry needs and educational system outcomes

Well-Being Indices Comparative Analysis: Russia And Foreign Countries

Using the OECD’s data, we study well-being indices comparison main areas for Russia and economically developed countries. The tendency of unleading countries to find mechanisms of economic growth by the welfare various aspects impact is noted. We used the method of complex efficiency estimation to solve the problem of economic well-being analysis. We assessed the effectiveness and optimality of economic well-being of the population. The effectiveness assessment of economic well-being in Russia revealed a significant gap from foreign countries by most indices. The optimality assessment of economic well-being did not reveal any major differences in values between men and women both in Russia and in foreign countries, but allowed to establish a greater gap between the values of indicators of leading and lagging groups in Russia than in other countries. Indicators ratio of lagging groups in Russia with foreign countries was worse than the ratio of indicators at the entire population level. The results of the economic well-being analysis are advisable to consider in the process of state regulation in Russia. State support of social services should be a priority of social and economic policy on the federal and regional authorities. Our analysis justifies the recommendation to reduce the gap between rich and poor groups of Russia's population by using various regulatory tools, including a progressive scale for a number of taxes

Companies profitability under economic instability: evidence from the manufacturing industry in Russia

This study analyzes factors affecting the efficiency (profitability) of enterprises in foreign, joint and domestic ownership in countries with unstable economy. The novelty of the study is that for the first time this kind of analysis has been carried out for the manufacturing industry in Russia, whose economy is characterized by the instability (crisis), external sanctions, and the internal trend for import substitution. Using a panel data on 6134 enterprises operating across several industries in Russia over the period of 2012–2016, the article suggests that generally production efficiency and scale efficiency positively affect profitability, whereas the share of borrowed capital, share of fixed assets and rising interest rates exert negative effects. The contribution of external financial factors is minimal, except for foreign and jointly owned firms. Production efficiency has a particularly pronounced effect for the automotive industry, machinery and equipment manufacturing, and in the metal industry. In contrast, in the chemical, electrical and optical manufacturing, and in food processing industries, internal financial factors emerge as a powerful predictor of performance. Firm ownership does not exert a significant effect on the relationship between the variables of interest when the share of borrowed funds is below 50%. When the share of borrowed capital exceeds 50%, internal financial factors emerge as a particularly prominent predictor of profitability

Developing Databank as an Instrument for the Elder People Wellbeing Analysis

Recent researchers succeed in well-being measuring of elder people life.Russian scientists have to run after the leaders investigating the official statistics data and analyzing the trends of indices. Within the project in Evaluation and enhancement of social, economic and emotional wellbeing of older adults we designed the model of older generation well-being measuring and the database to calculate objective and subjective indices according to this model. This paper is focused on the database created to elder people well-being research. The information system' structure is subscribed. It is consisted of database and web-interface. Either the results of its application for elder people well-being assessing are presented. Using the information system we defined some trends in indices dynamics for Tomsk region at 2000 - 2013. We found the next results: the employed pensioners' number increases significantly, the rural pensioners number is declining. The elder people's availability for using IT grew from 5.56 per cent to 78 per cent of the respondents during 2007-2013. There is a positive dynamics in all analyzed social objects visiting availabilities for elder people. More than 80 per cent of respondents can visit medical clinic, department store, pharmacy and the bank office on foot. The social care and Pension Fund nearness is less

Labor Indicators and Manufacturing Companies Ownership Patterns in Russia and its Regions: Results of Quantitative Analysis

Research background: There has been an extensive process of foreign and joint ownership enterprises establishment in the Russian economy since 2006. Domestic manufacturing industry experiences certain pressure on behalf of foreign direct investment bringing new technologies and higher labor requirements. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to investigate differences in employment strategies and labor indicators in the case of enterprises in foreign and joint ownership (FJO) and domestic enterprises in Russian ownership (RO). We analyze the manufacturing industry in Russia and its regions under conditions of stable and crisis periods. Methods: The study enhances the analysis of Rosstat's statistical data for 2005- 2016 and applies ANOVA method to compare the employment results for companies with different ownership patterns. The research is carried out both at the national level of the Russian Federation and at the regional level with the breakdown of the regions. Findings & Value added: The study identifies significant decline in employment and increase in productivity for the period of 2005-2016. In contrast to the crisis of 2008-2009, in 2014-2016 there has been no sharp drop in employment. However, there is a substantial decline in real salaries which is comparable to the crisis of 2008-2009. According to ANOVA, statistically significant differences in labor indicators between FJO and RO companies are manifested. RO companies dominate in employment and payroll funds while FJO enterprises have better productivity results with a higher average salary. FJO companies demonstrated faster growth in employment and payroll fund in relatively stable conditions (2012-2013). However, they reacted with a significant reduction in employment for a new crisis (2014-2016), although the creation of new FJO enterprises continued in separate regions of Russia. The results can be used in social policy to regulate the employment and earnings of industrial workers in the current economic conditions

Income and Wealth Status of Russian and Tomsk Region’s Pensioners

In the article the results of a study of income and material well-being of old generation of Russia and Tomsk Region are presented. Data of Russian federal and regional statistics shows that income of pensioners is growing fast and their wealth status in 2014 can be estimated as acceptable. Analysis of the data of an opinion survey of older people of the Tomsk region does not support this conclusion. According to the regression model in order to achieve a satisfactory standard of living pensioner's income should be at least 13-18 thousand rubles per month, while in 2014 the average pension was lower (about 11-12 thousand rubles). In our opinion state regulation requires further increase in the average pensions, as well as the revision of the minimum consumption basket and minimum needs of subsistence for this group