A Look-Ahead Feature - Sow Stalls for Indiviudal Feeding

Overfeeding sows and gilts during gestation is a common mismanagement practice. Here\u27s how concrete stalls were built for individual feeding to assure a minimum, but adequate, amount of feed for each animal

Corn Silage for Sows

Experiments with more than 2,000 pigs farrowed at Iowa State College show that corn silage- properly supplemented- makes an excellent and low-cost base ration for sows during pre-gestation and gestation

An off-shell I.R. regularization strategy in the analysis of collinear divergences

We present a method for the analysis of singularities of Feynman amplitudes based on the Speer sector decomposition of the Schwinger parametric integrals combined with the Mellin-Barnes transform. The sector decomposition method is described in some details. We suggest the idea of applying the method to the analysis of collinear singularities in inclusive QCD cross sections in the mass-less limit regularizing the forward amplitudes by an off-shell choice of the initial particle momenta. It is shown how the suggested strategy works in the well known case of the one loop corrections to Deep Inelastic Scattering.Comment: 25 pages, 3 figure

Iodinated Casein for Sows Boosts Early Baby Pig Gains

Experiments to date show considerable promise for the feeding of small amounts of iodinated casein to nursing sows. Its use has boosted baby pig gains 27 percent in the first week. This article is a progress report on the results of the three separate experiments so far completed

New procedures in estimating feed substitution rates and in determining economic efficiency in pork production II. Replacement rates of corn and soybean oilmeal in fortified rations for growing-fattening swine on pasture

A previous bulletin reported results from an experiment designed to predict substitution rates and economic optima in corn/soybean oilmeal rations for growing and fattening hogs in drylot.2 Principles and analytical models were included which illustrate that the least-cost ration depends both on (1) the marginal rate of substitution between feeds and (2) the ratio of feed prices. These basic concepts will not be repeated in this bulletin. Since more hogs are farrowed in spring than in fall, the research reported in this study was conducted for growing and fattening hogs raised on pasture. Like the drylot study, the objectives of the pasture experiment were to estimate: (1) the production function, (2) the substitution rate between corn and soybean oilmeal at different points on the production surface, (3) the least-cost ration for different soybean oilmeal/corn price ratios, (4) the relationship between the rate of hog gains and the input of corn and soybean oilmeal and (5) the proportion of the years in which a least-cost feeding system results in greater profits than a least-time feeding system. Substitution between major classes of feed such as corn and soybean oilmeal is possible mainly where the rations are fortified with appropriate quantities of trace minerals (as well as antibiotics in the case of drylot feeding). These fortifying elements have been included in the rations of this study

Position Dependence of Charge Collection in Prototype Sensors for the CMS Pixel Detector

This paper reports on the sensor R&D activity for the CMS pixel detector. Devices featuring several design and technology options have been irradiated up to a proton fluencec of 1E15 n_eq/cm**2 at the CERN PS. Afterward they were bump bonded to unirradiated readout chips and tested using high energy pions in the H2 beam line of the CERN SPS. The readout chip allows a non zero suppressed full analogue readout and therefore a good characterization of the sensors in terms of noise and charge collection properties. The position dependence of signal is presented and the differences between the two sensor options are discussed.Comment: Contribution to the IEEE-NSS Oct. 2003, Portland, OR, USA, submitted to IEEE-TNS 7 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Revised, title change

Extraction of electric field in heavily irradiated silicon pixel sensors

A new method for the extraction of the electric field in the bulk of heavily irradiated silicon pixel sensors is presented. It is based on the measurement of the Lorentz deflection and mobility of electrons as a function of depth. The measurements were made at the CERN H2 beam line, with the beam at a shallow angle with respect to the pixel sensor surface. The extracted electric field is used to simulate the charge collection and the Lorentz deflection in the pixel sensor. The simulated charge collection and the Lorentz deflection is in good agreement with the measurements both for non-irradiated and irradiated up to 1E15 neq/cm2 sensors.Comment: 6 pages, 11 figures, presented at the 13th International Workshop on Vertex Detectors for High Energy Physics, September 13-18, 2004, Menaggio-Como, Italy. Submitted to Nucl. Instr. Meth.

Simulation of Heavily Irradiated Silicon Pixel Detectors

We show that doubly peaked electric fields are necessary to describe grazing-angle charge collection measurements of irradiated silicon pixel sensors. A model of irradiated silicon based upon two defect levels with opposite charge states and the trapping of charge carriers can be tuned to produce a good description of the measured charge collection profiles in the fluence range from 0.5x10^{14} Neq/cm^2 to 5.9x10^{14} Neq/cm^2. The model correctly predicts the variation in the profiles as the temperature is changed from -10C to -25C. The measured charge collection profiles are inconsistent with the linearly-varying electric fields predicted by the usual description based upon a uniform effective doping density. This observation calls into question the practice of using effective doping densities to characterize irradiated silicon. The model is now being used to calibrate pixel hit reconstruction algorithms for CMS.Comment: Invited talk at International Symposium on the Development of Detectors for Particle, AstroParticle and Synchrtron Radiation Experiments, Stanford Ca (SNIC06) 8 pages, LaTeX, 11 eps figure