Immunohistochemical expression profiles of MUC1 and MUC2 mucins in urothelial tumors of bladder

Background: Mucins may show aberrant expression, localization, and/or glycosylation in multiple malignancies. However, information regarding expression of these mucins is mostly unknown in urothelial tumors. Aim: This study was conducted for examining the expressions of membrane associated and secreted mucin (MUC1) and a secreted gel-forming mucin (MUC2) in urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder. Subjects and Methods: Archival transurethral resection materials of 97 urothelial carcinoma cases were reexamined light microscopically and graded according to the 2004 WHO Classification. Pathological stage was given as pTa, pT1, and pT2. Demonstrative sections were recut for immunohistochemistry for MUC1 and MUC2. The results were statistically analyzed, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The positivity for MUC1 and MUC2 was 89.7\% and 44.3\%, respectively. Independent from pathological stage of the tumor, MUC1 expression showed statistically significant correlation with tumor grade (P < 0.05). We did not find any correlation between pathological stage and MUC1 and MUC2 expression (P > 0.05). MUC1 staining pattern in papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential cases was more commonly apical and superficial (luminal cell layer only). Intermediate cells +/- basal cells or isolated cells or islands of tumor cells with cytoplasmic and/or circumferential membrane positivity for MUC1 and MUC2 were more commonly observed in both low- and high-grade carcinomas. The difference between groups in terms of MUC1 and MUC2 staining was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The staining patterns of both mucins are different between urothelial papillary tumors and may be used to make a differentiation, especially for low-grade papillary urothelial lesions. This difference may also be important in the carcinomatous transformation of urothelial neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions

Pregnancy in cancer patients and survivors; experience of a university hospital in Turkey

The aim of this study was to assess the obstetrical and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies in cancer patients and survivors. A retrospective analysis of 68 pregnancies with a history of cancer and 31 newly diagnosed pregnant cancer patients were included in the study. The mean birth weight and the mean gestational age at delivery were significantly lower in the pregnant cancer patients (p < .001). The incidences of delivery less than 34 weeks were 8.8% and 29.1% in the cancer survivors and cancer diagnosed during pregnancy groups respectively (p < .01). In 23 (76.4%) pregnant cancer patients, a single or a combination of treatment modalities was initiated. There were four (12.9%) maternal deaths in pregnant cancer patients. There were no early neonatal death and any congenital anomaly detected in the newborns. Pregnancy in cancer patients and cancer survivors has completely different clinical outcome. Pregnancy in cancer patients has increased the risk of pregnancy complication

Genetic aspects of human male infertility: the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities and Y chromosome microdeletions in severe male factor infertility

Objective: The main purpose of this, study is to detect the frequency and type of both chromosomal abnormalities and Y chromosome microdeletions in patients with severe male factor infertility and fertile control subjects. The association between the genetic abnormality and clinical parameters was also evaluated. Methods: This study was carried out in 208 infertile and 20 fertile men. Results of 208 patients, 1 19 had non-obstructive azoospermia and 89 had severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT). Seventeen out of 119 (14.3%) azoospermic patients and two out of 89 (2.2%) patients with OAT had Y chromosome microdeletions. In total, 19 cases with deletions were detected in 208 infertile men, with a frequency of 9.1%. The AZFc locus, mainly DAZ gene cluster was the most frequently deleted region. Five other cases with azoospermia (4.2%) and two cases with OAT (2.2%) had a chromosomal abnormality, with a total number of seven (3.4%). Including Y chromosome deletions and structural chromosome abnormalities, the rate of genetic abnormalities was 12.5% (26/208) in our patients. On the other hand, 20 men with proven fertility and fathers of five cases with microdeletions were genetically normal. Y chromosome deletions and chromosomal abnormalities were associated with various histological alterations in testis. Sertoli cell-only (SCO) syndrome and maturation arrest predominated in these cases, whereas hypospermatogenesis occurred more frequently in genetically normal patients. Conclusion: Various chromosomal abnormalities and deletions of Y chromosome can cause spermatogenic breakdown resulting in chromosomally derived infertility. All these findings strongly;support the recommendation of genetic screening of infertile patients. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd

The Role of Pathological Margin Distance and Prognostic Factors After Primary Surgery in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Vulva

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the impact of clear surgical margin distance and other factors associated with the recurrence and survival of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva

The prevalence of endometrioma and associated malignant transformation in women over 40 years of age

Objective: Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent chronic disease. which is regarded as a disease of reproductive-aged women. Endometriosis is most frequently diagnosed during reproductive period. We aimed to determine the frequency of endometrioma in women over 40 years of age who were operated for adnexial mass

Maternal serum autotaxin levels in early- and late-onset preeclampsia

Purpose: We aimed to compare the serum autotaxin levels in early- and late- preeclamptic and healthy pregnant patients at a university hospital. Methods: A total of 55 singleton preeclamptic women who delivered at Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty were included in the study. The patients were subdivided into two groups: early-onset preeclampsia (n = 31) and late-onset preeclampsia (n = 24). Demographic and clinical data were compared between early-onset and late-onset preeclamptic patients. The control group was composed of 32 healthy pregnant patients. Results: The mean autotaxin levels were 1.16 ± 0.97 and 0.7 ± 0.35 ng/ml in the early- and late-onset preeclampsia groups, respectively. Autotaxin levels were significantly higher in early-onset preeclampsia group compared with late-onset preeclampsia group. Autotaxin levels were found to be significantly higher in preeclamptic patients compared with control group. Serum autotaxin levels showed a significant positive correlation with maternal systolic, diastolic blood pressures and uric acid levels. Conclusion: Autotaxin might be a promising marker for detecting early-onset preeclampsia. However, further studies are necessary to confirm this hypothesis

Common surgical procedures in pilonidal sinus disease: A meta-analysis, merged data analysis, and comprehensive study on recurrence

Abstract We systematically searched available databases. We reviewed 6,143 studies published from 1833 to 2017. Reports in English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish were considered, as were publications in other languages if definitive treatment and recurrence at specific follow-up times were described in an English abstract. We assessed data in the manner of a meta-analysis of RCTs; further we assessed non-RCTs in the manner of a merged data analysis. In the RCT analysis including 11,730 patients, Limberg & Dufourmentel operations were associated with low recurrence of 0.6% (95%CI 0.3–0.9%) 12 months and 1.8% (95%CI 1.1–2.4%) respectively 24 months postoperatively. Analysing 89,583 patients from RCTs and non-RCTs, the Karydakis & Bascom approaches were associated with recurrence of only 0.2% (95%CI 0.1–0.3%) 12 months and 0.6% (95%CI 0.5–0.8%) 24 months postoperatively. Primary midline closure exhibited long-term recurrence up to 67.9% (95%CI 53.3–82.4%) 240 months post-surgery. For most procedures, only a few RCTs without long term follow up data exist, but substitute data from numerous non-RCTs are available. Recurrence in PSD is highly dependent on surgical procedure and by follow-up time; both must be considered when drawing conclusions regarding the efficacy of a procedure