Technological parameters of groundwater rapid filtration through oxidative and non-active filtration materials

Badania prowadzono na instalacji doświadczalnej składającej się z trzech kolumn filtracyjnych. Wyniki badań pozwoliły porównać straty hydrauliczne osiągane w czasie filtracji przez złoża chemicznie aktywne i czyste złoża kwarcowe.In the paper the results of laboratory and pilot research on filtration process are presented. The oxidative and chemically non-active filtration materials were used. The experimental installation was implemented. The results of the research allowed to estimate and compare the values of hydraulic head loss for tested filtration materials

Wastewater disinfection

W artykule poddano dyskusji konieczność stosowania dezynfekcji ścieków w aspekcie ochrony zdrowia publicznego i wymagań stawianych jakości ścieków oczyszczonych. Przedstawiono metody stosowane w dezynfekcji ścieków. Omówiono obowiązujące w Polsce i za granicą regulacje prawne i praktykę dotyczącą dezynfekcji ścieków.In the article the necessity of wastewater disinfection is discussed, in the aspect of public health protection and treated sewage requirements. The methods of wastewater disinfection are presented. The regulations in Poland and abroad are discussed as well as practice in that matter

EDUCATION OF STUDENTS WITHIN ENVIRONMENT ENGINEERING COURSE OF AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SUBJECTS. EXPERIENCE OF POZNAŃ UNIVERSITY

Abstract: The program of courses for students within environment and civil engineering is currently modified in accordance with technology progress. Compact of students ’ knowledge requires co-ordination of all subjects, that is possible only if the lecturers are currently committing. The philosophy of design and exploitation the HVAC systems as well as power supply and technology of wastewater treatment are based upon the recent advantages of CAD, automatic control and monitoring systems. The new attempt to teaching process, applying the methods of AI, enables new possibilities to individual attempt to tutor procedures

Charakterystyka laminarnego płynięcia w rurociągach jednorodnych osadów pokoagulacyjnych aproksymowanych modelem cieczy plastyczno-lepkich Vočadli

The study presents the manners of determination of the Darcy friction factor λ for a homogenous hydromixture of alum sludge of varied hydration and temperature for the laminar flow zone. The rheological evaluation of the hydromixture as a viscoplastic body has been conducted with use of measurements of viscosity. The curves of flow were approximated with use of the generalized Vočadlo model. The Darcy friction factor λ of the pipeline was determined with use of the non-dimensional criterion λ(Regen) and λ(Re, He).Praca przedstawia sposoby określenia współczynnika oporów rurociągu λ, dla jednorodnej hydromieszaniny osadów pokoagulacyjnych o różnym uwodnieniu i różnej temperaturze, dla laminarnej strefy przepływu. Ocenę reologiczną hydromieszaniny, jako ciała plastyczno-lepkiego, wykonano na podstawie pomiarów wiskozymetrycznych, przy zastosowaniu do aproksymacji krzywych płynięcia uogólnionego modelu Vočadli. Określenie współczynnika oporu rurociągu λ przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem bezwymiarowego kryterium λ(Regen) oraz λ(Re, He)

Characteristics of Laminar Flow in Pipelines of Homogenous Alum Sludge Approximated with use of the Vočadlo Model for Viscoplastic Liquids

The study presents the manners of determination of the Darcy friction factor λ for a homogenous hydromixture of alum sludge of varied hydration and temperature for the laminar flow zone. The rheological evaluation of the hydromixture as a viscoplastic body has been conducted with use of measurements of viscosity. The curves of flow were approximated with use of the generalized Vočadlo model. The Darcy friction factor λ of the pipeline was determined with use of the non-dimensional criterion λ(Regen) and λ(Re, He).Praca przedstawia sposoby określenia współczynnika oporów rurociągu λ, dla jednorodnej hydromieszaniny osadów pokoagulacyjnych o różnym uwodnieniu i różnej temperaturze, dla laminarnej strefy przepływu. Ocenę reologiczną hydromieszaniny, jako ciała plastyczno-lepkiego, wykonano na podstawie pomiarów wiskozymetrycznych, przy zastosowaniu do aproksymacji krzywych płynięcia uogólnionego modelu Vočadli. Określenie współczynnika oporu rurociągu λ przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem bezwymiarowego kryterium λ(Regen) oraz λ(Re, He)

The methodical concept for operation control of infiltration water intake

Optymalna realizacja procesów technologicznych związanych z ujęciem wody wymaga zastosowania zaawansowanych układów sterowania oraz nowoczesnych narzędzi informatycznych. Dotychczasowe algorytmy sterowania ujęciami wód były ograniczone do wybranych urządzeń (pompy, zasuwy). Brakuje natomiast opisu algorytmów sterowania całym układem, z uwzględnieniem zmian warunków hydrogeologicznych w dłuższym czasie. W pracy przedstawiono koncepcję sterowania infiltracyjnym ujęciem wody, która uwzględnia procesy na wszystkich poziomach eksploatacji obiektu. W tym celu przyjęto hierarchiczną strukturę eksploatacji ujęcia, wyróżniając i opisując trzy warstwy – sterowania urządzeniami, planowania produkcji oraz zarządzania ujęciem. Opis wielowarstwowej struktury uzupełniono diagramem przepływu danych wymaganych do sterowania ujęciem oraz wskazano, jak można wykorzystać nowoczesne narzędzia informatyczne do realizacji opracowanej koncepcji.Optimal implementation of technological processes related to water intake requires application of advanced control systems and modern computer tools. Previously developed control algorithms for water intakes were limited to selected devices (e.g. pumps, valves). Therefore, description of the control algorithms of the entire system that would take into account changes in the hydrogeological conditions in the long term was missing. The paper presents a methodical concept of infiltration water intake control that takes into account processes at all operational levels. For this purpose, an analysis was conducted assuming a hierarchical structure of the intake operational process, singling out and describing the three layers: device control, production planning and intake management. Description of the multilayer structure was supplemented with the data flow diagram required for determining the intake operation control. Also, it was indicated how to employ modern tools for practical implementation of the developed concept

Characteristics of Laminar Flow in Pipelines of Homogenous Alum Sludge Approximated with use of the Vočadlo Model for Viscoplastic Liquids

The study presents the manners of determination of the Darcy friction factor λ for a homogenous hydromixture of alum sludge of varied hydration and temperature for the laminar flow zone. The rheological evaluation of the hydromixture as a viscoplastic body has been conducted with use of measurements of viscosity. The curves of flow were approximated with use of the generalized Vočadlo model. The Darcy friction factor λ of the pipeline was determined with use of the non-dimensional criterion λ(Regen) and λ(Re, He)

Redefining the purpose, goals and methods of disinfection in contemporary water supply systems

This paper presents a new concept of disinfection traditionally applied in water treatment systems. The new definition of this process results from the change in its functionality, aims and methods, which guarantee high quality of water supply. The literature review and technical practice demonstrate a demand for disinfection to act as a functional element of the integrated water distribution system and an active intermediate link between the technology of water treatment and the water distribution network. The presented concept of a disinfection process enables evaluation of water treatment, increases its effectiveness in integrated water treatment systems. Such defined disinfection addresses water conservation and its biological stability within the water supply network. The presented here new concept of disinfection assigns its new role and function in the integrated water distribution system. The controlling and diagnostic function of the disinfection defined in the paper provides a transparent and comprehensive method, with considerable application in experimental design, as well as practical solutions for integrated water distribution systems

Properties of catalyst for iron and manganese oxidation in filter materials

The aim of this work is to determine the properties of contact layers of grain of different type of filter media in term of their suitability for catalytical manganese oxidation and auto-activation for manganese removal from groundwater. The following oxidative filtration materials were investigated: auto-activated silica sand taken from full-scale filters (oxide coated filter media), Pyrolox – manganese ore – natural material and Hydrolit – artificially activated material. As a reference two natural not chemically active materials were tested: clean silica sand and clean chalcedonite. The investigation resulted in chemical composition and microstructure parameters of catalyst contact layers of grains. The modern analytical methods were used: EDAX, Raman spectroscopy, mercury and helium porozymetry. The data indicated that catalyst from autoacivated filtration material has better chemical composition and porosity parameters in comparison to tested catalytic filtration materials, making it more suitable for adsorption and catalytic manganese oxidation