Avalia??o microsc?pica e pesquisa de sujidades em amostras comerciais de or?gano (Origanum vulgare L.), salsa (Petroselinum sativum Hoffim.) e chimichurri.

Entende-se por condimentos e especiarias, produtos naturais de origem vegetal ou ? sua mistura, podendo apresentar-se inteiros, fragmentados ou em p?. Devido ? sua origem no campo e forma de processamento, pesquisas demonstram a incid?ncia de sujidades nesta mat?ria prima. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar microscopicamente amostras de or?gano, salsa e chimichurri comercializados na cidade de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais. As amostras foram submetidas aos m?todos de desengorduramento e descolora??o, e posteriormente, foram visualizadas em estereosc?pio e microsc?pio ?tico. Foram utilizadas quatro amostras distintas de cada condimento: duas marcas comerciais embaladas, e duas comercializadas a granel. Em todas elas, foi constatada a presen?a de sujidades leves, como pelos e fragmentos de insetos, e sujidades pesadas, como areia, pedras e acr?lico. Com rela??o ? presen?a de insetos e seus fragmentos, todas as amostras estavam dentro dos limites estabelecidos pela legisla??o vigente. No entanto, seis amostras foram classificadas como em desacordo ao regulamento, por apresentarem sujidades n?o previstas. Em uma amostra de or?gano, foi detectada a presen?a de outras esp?cies vegetais, caracterizando uma poss?vel fraude, uma vez que sua presen?a n?o foi declarada no r?tulo.Condiments and spices are natural vegetable products, marketed alone or in a mixture, whole, fragmented or powdered. Due to their origin in the field and processing form, researches have been demonstrating incidence of soils in these products. Thus, this work aimed evaluates microscopically samples of oregano, parsley and chimichurri marketed in Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais. The samples were submitted to degreasing and discoloration methods, and then, stereoscopic and optical microscope visualization. Four different samples of each condiment were used: two packaged trade marks, and two commercialized in bulk. In all of them, the presence of light soils, such as hair and insects? fragments, and heavy soils, such as sand, stones and acrylic, were observed. Regarding the presence of insects and their fragments, all samples were within the limits established by current legislation, however, six samples were classified as in disagreement, because they presented soil with aren?t covered by legislation. In a sample of oregano, it was detected other plant species, characterizing a possible fraud, since its presence wasn?t declared on the label

Influence of abrasive dentifrices on polymeric reconstructive material properties after simulated toothbrushing

AbstractTo assess the influence of dentifrices with different abrasiveness levels on the properties of dental reconstructive materials. Forty-eight cylinders were obtained from four polymeric materials, being two CAD/CAM acrylic resins (Ivotion-Dent and Ivotion-Base), one injected acrylic resin (IvoBase-Hydrid) and one light-cured resin composite (Empress Direct). Specimens were allocated to four subgroups for toothbrushing simulation according to the dentifrice relative dentin abrasivity (RDA) and silica content: (i) RDA 0 = 0%; (ii) RDA 50 = 3%; (iii) RDA 100 = 10%; and (iv) RDA 120 = 25%. Specimens were then subjected to toothbrushing. Surface analyses [surface roughness Ra (SR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)] along with hardness and optical properties [translucency parameter (TP) and contrast ratio (CR)] were evaluated before and after toothbrushing. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA and Tukey test. A significant increase in SR was observed after toothbrushing with higher RDA toothpastes for Ivotion-Dent (100 and 120) and IvoBase-Hybrid (120). Ivotion-Base and Empress Direct presented no significant differences in SR when analyzed as a function of timepoint and RDA levels. Hardness was not influenced by toothbrushing with different RDA dentifrices, except for Empress Direct with RDA 0 toothpaste, where a decrease in the hardness was observed. TP of Ivotion-Dent and Empress Direct significantly decreased after toothbrushing with higher RDA dentifrices and CR of Ivotion-Dent, Empress Direct and IvoBase-Hybrid significantly increased with higher RDA dentifrices. The levels of dentifrice abrasiveness affected differently the SR, hardness and optical properties of polymeric reconstructive materials after toothbrushing