Multi- and single-joint resistance exercises promote similar plantar flexor activation in resistance trained men

The present study aimed to compare soleus, lateral, and medial gastrocnemius muscles activation during leg press and calf raise exercises in trained men. The study involved 22 trained men (27.1 ± 3.6 years, 82.7 ± 6.6 kg, 177.5 ± 5.2 cm, 3.6 ± 1.4 experience years) who performed one set of each exercise using a 10-repetition maximum (10RM) load in a counterbalanced randomized order and separated by 10 min of rest. The electromyographic signal was measured for the three major plantar flexors: soleus, medial, and lateral gastrocnemius. A comparison between exercises showed that the mean adjusted by peak values during the leg press were 49.20% for the gastrocnemius lateralis, 51.31% for the gastrocnemius medialis, and 50.76% for the soleus. Values for calf raise were 50.70%, 52.19%, and 51.34% for the lateral, medial gastrocnemius, and soleus, respectively. There were no significant differences between exercises for any muscle (lateral gastrocnemius (p = 0.230), medial gastrocnemius (p = 0.668), and soleus (p = 0.535)). The present findings suggest that both leg press and calf raises can be used with the purpose to recruit triceps surae muscles. This bring the suggestion that one can chose between exercises based on personal preferences and practical aspects, without any negative impact on muscle activation

Considerações Acerca da Produção nos Assentamentos do Pontal do Aranapanema

This paper presents a preliminary analysis of the data collected in the research Uniara-INCRA (2011), especially from the sample survey conducted in the region of "Pontal do Paranapanema" (west of São Paulo State). Are presented and discussed data on family work and farming production in rural settlements of the "Pontal do Paranapanema", as well as aspects of the management of productive systems. Production data shown indicate the existence of a regionally important dairy basin, implanted in such settlements, although with technological and organizational limitations. Crop production is largely for self-consumption, especially the manioc and, more recently, the increment of horticulture, this stimulated by institutional marketing programs. The conditions of soil management and productive systems, considered "traditional", is another gap to be faced with stimulus of technical support and others public policies.Keywords: Land reform; Rural development; Farming produtction;Productive systems.Este trabalho constitui-se de uma análise preliminar dos dados coletadosna pesquisa Uniara-INCRA (2011), sobretudo a partir do levantamento amostralrealizado no Pontal do Paranapanema (região oeste do Estado de São Paulo).São apresentados e discutidos dados sobre trabalho e produção agropecuárianos assentamentos rurais do Pontal, assim como aspectos do manejo dos sistemasprodutivos. Os dados de produção evidenciados apontam para a existência deuma bacia leiteira importante regionalmente, implantada nos PAs, embora comlimitações tecnológicas e organizacionais. A produção agrícola é majoritariamentepara autoconsumo, com destaque para a mandioca e, mais recentemente, oincremento da horticultura, esta estimulada por programas de comercializaçãoinstitucional. As condições de manejo dos solos e dos sistemas produtivos,considerados "tradicionais", são outra lacuna a ser enfrentada, com estímulo daATER e de políticas públicas

ANÁLISE DO PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE PACIENTES INTERNADOS POR DOENÇA RENAL CRÔNICA NO ESPÍRITO SANTO ENTRE 2019 A 2023

Chronic kidney disease is considered a public health problem worldwide. In Brazil, the incidence and prevalence of kidney failure are increasing; the prognosis is still poor and the costs of treating the disease are extremely high. This disease is multifactorial and often presents with a variety of laboratory alterations and its interpretation goes beyond the simple assessment of serum creatinine and urea concentrations. Regardless of the etiology of the underlying disease, the main outcomes in patients with CKD are its complications, resulting from renal functional loss, death and loss of renal function. Therefore, early diagnosis and appropriate management is essential, so that healthy lifestyle habits can be implemented as non-drug treatment and, if necessary, adherence to drug treatment. Thus, despite appearing simple, most patients find it difficult to adhere to treatment, which leads to a worsening of their chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological profile of patients hospitalized for chronic kidney disease in Espírito Santo between 2019 and 2023.A doença renal crônica é considerada problema de saúde pública em todo o mundo. No Brasil, a incidência e a prevalência de falência de função renal estão aumentando; o prognóstico ainda é ruim e os custos do tratamento da doença são altíssimos. Essa doença é multifatorial apresentando inúmeras vezes com alterações laboratoriais diversas e sua interpretação ultrapassa a simples avaliação das concentrações séricas de creatinina e uréia. Independentemente da etiologia da doença de base, os principais desfechos em pacientes com DRC são as suas complicações, decorrentes da perda funcional renal, óbito e  perda de função renal. Assim, o diagnóstico precoce e manejo adequado é imprescindível, a fim de que se possa implementar hábitos de vida saudáveis como tratamento não-medicamentoso e, se necessário a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso. Dessa forma, apesar de parecer simples, a aderência da maioria dos pacientes ao tratamento é difícil, o que ocasiona a piora do quadro da doença renal crônica. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo é descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes internados por doença renal crônica no Espírito Santo entre os anos de 2019 a 2023

Um Retrato das Regiões da Pesquisa

This paper offers an approach to contextualization of the INCRA/UNIARA research regions, prioritizing the establishment of settlements; the struggle for land and public policy to deal with the social movement issues; and, the social background and life trajectory of the settled families. The analysis of selected axis was used as a tool for the characterization described in this dossier, which constitutes this volume of the Retratos de Assentamentos.Keywords: Research regions; The struggle for land; Family history and familylife trajectories.O artigo cumpre a função de contextualizar as regiões da pesquisa INCRA/UNIARA, priorizando a constituição dos assentamentos, a luta pela terra e a direção política dos movimentos sociais nela envolvidos, a origem social e a trajetória das famílias assentadas. Tal caracterização fundamenta as análises dos eixos selecionados e apresentados nos artigos temáticos que compõe este dossiê do Retratos de Assentamentos

Síntese das Regiões: Retomando Questões do Presente/Futuro dos Assentamentos

This article describes a systematization of the main barriers that were identified across the investigated regions and highlights strategies to overcome these barriers. Particular emphasis is placed on the analysis of barriers and bottlenecks that hamper growth and development and consequently the effectiveness of government programs aimed at improving settlements. On the other hand, this study proves the dynamic effects identified in recent programs, as well as emphasizes the changing roles of settled women and the dilemmas settled young people face.Keywords: Rural settlements; Regional development; Public policy.O artigo tem o caráter de sistematização dos principais bloqueios e perspectivas detectados nas regiões investigadas. Prioriza, nas suas considerações, referencia aos gargalos das políticas públicas e da infraestrutura nos assentamentos. Por outro lado, evidencia os efeitos dinamizadores constatados pelos programas recentes, além de ressaltar os papéis em transformação das mulheres assentadas e os dilemas vivenciados pela juventude assentada

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio