Tumor-containing CEA in Colon Cancers

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in serum and fresh cancer tissue taken at surgery was measured and analyzed in terms of the disease stage. The CEA level in serum (s-CEA ) has become higher with advance in the disease stage. However, in stage V it was lowered as well as CEA level in cancer mass (ca-CEA). It is suggested that S-CEA is influenced by cancer invasion into the vessel wall, tumor necrosis and/or degeneration which ca-CEA may well be migrated from the tumor cells

The Use of Machine Learning and Satellite Imagery to Detect Roman Fortified Sites: The Case Study of Blad Talh (Tunisia Section)

This study focuses on an ad hoc machine-learning method for locating archaeological sites in arid environments. Pleiades (P1B) were uploaded to the cloud asset of the Google Earth Engine (GEE) environment because they are not yet available on the platform. The average of the SAR data was combined with the P1B image in the selected study area called Blad Talh at Gafsa, which is located in southern Tunisia. This pre-desert region has long been investigated as an important area of Roman civilization (106 BCE). The results show an accurate probability map with an overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient of 0.93 and 0.91, respectively, when validated with field survey data. The results of this research demonstrate, from the perspective of archaeologists, the capability of satellite data and machine learning to discover buried archaeological sites. This work shows that the area presents more archaeological sites, which has major implications for understanding the archaeological significance of the region. Remote sensing combined with machine learning algorithms provides an effective way to augment archaeological surveys and detect new cultural deposits

Sequences in Cell Lines Derived from Cervical Carcinomas

carcinomas of Japanese patients, were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and the expression of viral mRNA. The DNA of HPV type 16 was shown to be linked covalently with SKG-IIIb, QG-U and QG-H cell DNA, and HPV 18 DNA with SKG-I and SKG-II cell DNA. Although different regions of the HPV genome were integrated in these cell lines, the non-coding region and an early region including the E6 and E7 open reading frames (ORFs) were conserved in all cell lines. The complete genome of HPV 16 was found in QG-H cells by digestion of the DNA with a single-cut restriction enzyme. The other early region ORFs E 1, E2, E4 and E5 were interrupted by flanking host cell DNA, suggesting that the integration into host cell DNA occurs preferentially in this region. HPV-specific mRNA species were detected in all five cell lines. In the three cell lines containing the HPV 16 genome, mRNAs hybridized with the early region of the genome, covering the entire E6 and E7 ORFs and a minor part of the E10RF, although the amount and size of the major mRNAs varied in these cell lines. These mRNAs did not hybridize with the late region of the HPV genome containing the LI and L20RFs. In SKG-II, SKG-IIIb and QG-

妊娠マウスを用いた先天性トキソプラズマ症モデルにおけるRT-PCRによるサイトカイン産生の解析

To explore the mechanisms of immune responses of host to Toxoplasma gondii ( T. gondii) infection in pregnant mice, we evaluated roles of cytokines [interferon gamma (IFN-y), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 4 (IL-4)] J by measuring mRNAS of these cytokines in placentas, lungs and spleens. The pathogenic effects of time and duration of the Fukaya infection on cytokine mRNA levels in pregnant mice were analyzed. The abundance of mRNAS encoding these cytokines was measured by reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR at early and late stages of pregnancy in various organs of both susceptible C57BL/6 and resistant BALB/c pregnant mice infected with T. gondii. IFN-y and TNF-α but not IL-6 or IL-4, were predominant in the immune responses of placentas, lungs and spleens of BALB/ c and C57BL/6 mice during T. gondii infection. Levels of IFN-y and TNF-α mRNA in placentas of early stage pregnant BALB/c mice (infected at one-week pregnancy and examined on day 4 after infection; 1W4D) were higher than those in corresponding C57BL/6 pregnant mice, which might correlate with the fact that higher parasite numbers in placentas and lungs of C57BL/6 mice (infected at one-week pregnancy and examined on day 11 after the Fukaya infection; 1W11D) were observed than those in placentas and lungs of corresponding BALB/c mice, but not correlate with the result of parasite numbers (T. gondii No./mg tissue) in spleens of C57BL/6 (O) and BALB/c (120±56) pregnant mice. In the late stage of pregnancy, levels of IFN-y and TNF-α did not show definite correlations with T. gondii loads in placentas, lungs and spleens. These results indicate that endogenous IFN-y and TNF-α of early stage pregnancy may be essential for inhibition of T. gondii growth in some organs (placentas and lungs), but not in spleens, and the mechanisms of genetic influence involved in the susceptibility and resistance to acute T. gondii infection may include several immune responses acting together