More insights into approachs with potential effect against pathogenic Fusarium species

Fusarim species are a group of pathogenic fungi responsible for different plant diseases as well as damage of stored products like banana, rice and cereals. They are characterized by a widspread distribution because of their capacity to grow in different substrates. Against these pathogenic fungi, many approachs have been tried to protect crops and stored products from their devastating effects. Chemical molecules are widely used for their effective activity as fungicides, but they may cause important damage to crops, human and environment. For this reason, researchers are trying to find an alternative allowing the farmer to ovoid these negative effects of chemical fungicides. Among these potential alternatives, we find the use of natural products (monoterpenes, flavonoids etc), plant extracts (including essential oils), biological control agents (bacteria and fungi), antimicrobial nanomaterials and approachs aiming to improve plant resitance and defence.&nbsp

Hemisynthesis and evaluation of pharmacological activities of carvacrol-derivatives

Hemi-synthesis, a process widely used in pharmacological research, consists of a modification in the chemical structure of a natural product in order to improve its activity and/or to reduce its side effects. Two carvacrol-derivatives (P1 and P2) have been synthetized using reactions of alkylation by binding alkan groups at the hydroxyl group of carvacrol. NMR analysis was performed for synthetized derivatives to confirm the success of the reactions. Then, cytotoxic activity, against two tumour cell lines (P-815 and MCF-7), and antibacterial activity of carvacrol, P1 and P2 were performed. Cytotoxicity was measured using the colourimetric methyl tetrazolium test (MTT) and antimicrobial activity was measured using the diffusion technique on solid media and the determination of CMI on liquid media. Our results show that chemical modifications made on carvacrol have no effect on its antitumor activity. However, an important decrease of its antibacterial activity was observed, especially for P1. Our results suggest that hydroxyl group at this position of the molecule may be responsible for carvacrol antibacterial activity, while the other parts of the molecule may be responsible for its antitumor activity. On the other hand, introduced modifications may affect mechanism of action of the molecules as well as its pharmacokinetics properties

Hemisynthesis and evaluation of pharmacological activities of carvacrolderivatives

537-542Hemi-synthesis, a process widely used in pharmacological research, consists of a modification in the chemical structure of a natural product in order to improve its activity and/or to reduce its side effects. Two carvacrol-derivatives (P1 and P2) have been synthetized using reactions of alkylation by binding alkan groups at the hydroxyl group of carvacrol. NMR analysis was performed for synthetized derivatives to confirm the success of the reactions. Then, cytotoxic activity, against two tumour cell lines (P-815 and MCF-7), and antibacterial activity of carvacrol, P1 and P2 were performed. Cytotoxicity was measured using the colourimetric methyl tetrazolium test (MTT) and antimicrobial activity was measured using the diffusion technique on solid media and the determination of CMI on liquid media. Our results show that chemical modifications made on carvacrol have no effect on its antitumor activity. However, an important decrease of its antibacterial activity was observed, especially for P1. Our results suggest that hydroxyl group at this position of the molecule may be responsible for carvacrol antibacterial activity, while the other parts of the molecule may be responsible for its antitumor activity. On the other hand, introduced modifications may affect mechanism of action of the molecules as well as its pharmacokinetics properties

Effect of Growth Medium Composition on the Physicochemical Surface Properties of Pseudomonas Savastanoi , the Agent of Olive Tuberculosis

Research into the formation of Pseudomonas savastanoi biofilms on olive trees is essential to prevent infections that induce tumor formation and damage tree health. To prevent the development of P. savastanoi biofilms, it is crucial to comprehend the factors influencing its adhesive behaviour. This research analysed the physicochemical properties of P. savastanoi in two types of media. P. savastanoi was cultivated in two media: nutrient agar (NA) and King B (KB), in solid and liquid forms. Wettability (θw), electron acceptor (γ+) / electron donor (γ-) properties, and surface free energy (ΔGiwi) are evaluated by contact angle measurements. The obtained results indicated that in solid media (NA and KB), P. savastanoi exhibited hydrophobic surface (θ_w^NA= 82.23°; θ_w^KB= 94.9°), with strong electron donor (γ_NA^-= 43.54 mJ.m-2; γ_KB^-= 58.34 mJ.m-2) and mild electron acceptor (γ_NA^+= 0.32 mJ.m-2; γ_KB^+= 0.52 mJ.m-2) properties, along with negative surface free energy (〖ΔG〗_iwi^NA = -76.13 mJ.m-2; 〖∆G〗_iwi^KB= -65.33 mJ.m-2). Conversely, in liquid media (NB and KB), the surface of P. savastanoi was generally hydrophilic (θ_w^NB= 55.43°; θ_w^KB= 64.43°), with strong electron donor (γ_NB^-= 29.23 mJ.m-2; γ_KB^-= 41.83 mJ.m-2) and a surface free energy that registers as positive. Modification of the growth medium composition conducted to minor variations in P. savastanoi hydrophobicity and surface free energy. By understanding the factors involved in this adhesive behaviour, we can develop ecological methods to protect crops and contribute to more efficient environmental management and conservation of natural resources