Influence of Teaching Style on Physical Education Adolescents’ Motivation and Health-Related Lifestyle

According to various WHO reports in 2018, a large number of adolescents worldwide are either overweight or obese. This situation is the result of not following a healthy and balanced diet, combined with a lack of practice of physical activity. In this sense, Physical Education classes could help to solve the problem. The present study seeks to analyze the relationship between the role of the teacher in relation to the structural dimensions of the PE teaching environment and the basic psychological needs and self-motivation of adolescents as determinants of their behaviors related to eating habits and the practice of physical activity. A total of 1127 secondary school adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 participated in this study. Questionnaires were used: Perceived Autonomy Support Scale, Psychologically Controlling Teaching Scale, Basic Psychological Needs in Physical Education, Frustration of Psychological Needs in PE context, Physical Activity Class Satisfaction Questionnaire, Perceived Locus of Causality Revised, and WHO’s Global school-based student health survey. A structural equations model was elaborated to explain the causal relationships between the variables. The results showed that autonomy support positively predicted the three structural dimensions of PE classes, while, in contrast, they were negatively predicted by psychological control. The three structural dimensions positively predicted the satisfaction of psychological needs and negatively predicted the thwarting of psychological needs. Self-determined motivation was positively predicted by the satisfaction of psychological needs and negatively predicted by the thwarting of psychological needs. Finally, self-determined motivation positively predicted healthy eating habits and the practice of physical activity and negatively predicted unhealthy eating habits. Certainly, the results obtained in this study support the postulates of the self-determination theory, demonstrating the predictability of PE class context towards the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits, such as a proper diet and the regular practice of physical activity

Cuidado humanizado de enfermería relacionado con los factores de riesgos psicosociales en el servicio de emergencia del Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal Sologuren - Essalud, Callao - 2020

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre el cuidado humanizado de enfermería y los factores de riesgos psicosociales del personal de enfermería en el servicio de emergencia del Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal Sologuren – Callao 2020. La Metodología aplicada fue de tipo cuantitativa diseño no experimental, descriptivo correlacional. La muestra estuvo conformada por 46 profesionales de enfermería, a quienes se le aplico se un cuestionario de cuidado humanizado de 20 preguntas en formato Likert con puntuación de 1 a 5 y factores de riesgos psicosociales conformado por 20 preguntas que se agrupan en 5 diferentes dimensiones basado en suceso/ istas en su versión breve 2018. Resultados según el estadístico de correlación utilizado Rho Spearman los datos obtenidos fueron: existe una relación entre el Cuidado Humanizado de enfermería y las dimensiones exigencias psicológicas P=0.001 α =0.05 y doble presencia P=0.986 > α = 0.05. Se concluyó que existe una relación o asociación directa de dependencia significativa entre el Cuidado Humanizado de enfermería y los Factores de riesgo psicosociales P=0.003< α = 0.05 en el personal de enfermería del servicio de emergencia del Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal Sologuren en concordancia con el metaanálisis existente.Tesi

Efectividad de las pausas activas en odontólogos con dolor cervical, Tacna – Arequipa, 2022

Objetivo: establecer la efectividad de las pausas activas en odontólogos que padecen de dolor cervical en Tacna y Arequipa, 2022. El presente trabajo de investigación tiene diseño cuasi experimental y es de tipo aplicativo. La población fue de 100 odontólogos, sin distinción de sexo y con más de dos años de experiencia laboral, de Tacna y Arequipa. Para la recolección de información se utilizó una ficha de datos personales y un cuestionario de dolor de cuello de Northwick Park (NPQ). La aplicación de pausas activas se realizó con un programa llamado Ejercicio cervical: el pilar del tratamiento de columna

Quantitative analysis of lead position vs. correction of electrical dyssynchrony in an experimental model of LBBB/CRT

International audienceCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a recommended treatment in patients with electrical dyssynchrony such as left bundle branch block (LBBB). The determination of the optimal leads position, and the quantification of the changes in electrical activation are two current major challenges. In this paper, we investigate these aspects through electroanatomical data from a controlled experimental protocol, which studied pigs with no structural disease under LBBB and CRT conditions. We propose to use a quasi-conformal mapping technique to standardize electroanatomical maps of endo- and epi-cardial walls of both ventricles to a common reference geometry, in which simple quantitative indices can be computed. Then, we investigate the relation between leads and simple surrogates of the recovery of the electrical activation based either on total activation times or on the spatial distribution of the patterns. Our methodology allows a better understanding of the complex electrical activation patterns in LBBB and CRT, and confirms hypotheses about the optimal leads position from previous studies

Automatic and interpretable prediction of the site of origin in outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias: machine learning integrating electrocardiograms and clinical data

The treatment of outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias (OTVA) through radiofrequency ablation requires the precise identification of the site of origin (SOO). Pinpointing the SOO enhances the likelihood of a successful procedure, reducing intervention times and recurrence rates. Current clinical methods to identify the SOO are based on qualitative analysis of pre-operative electrocardiograms (ECG), heavily relying on physician’s expertise. Although computational models and machine learning (ML) approaches have been proposed to assist OTVA procedures, they either consume substantial time, lack interpretability or do not use clinical information. Here, we propose an alternative strategy for automatically predicting the ventricular origin of OTVA patients using ML. Our objective was to classify ventricular (left/right) origin in the outflow tracts (LVOT and RVOT, respectively), integrating ECG and clinical data from each patient. Extending beyond differentiating ventricle origin, we explored specific SOO characterization. Utilizing four databases, we also trained supervised learning models on the QRS complexes of the ECGs, clinical data, and their combinations. The best model achieved an accuracy of 89%, highlighting the significance of precordial leads V1-V4, especially in the R/S transition and initiation of the QRS complex in V2. Unsupervised analysis revealed that some origins tended to group closer than others, e.g., right coronary cusp (RCC) with a less sparse group than the aortic cusp origins, suggesting identifiable patterns for specific SOOs

The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance

INTRODUCTION Investment in Africa over the past year with regard to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing has led to a massive increase in the number of sequences, which, to date, exceeds 100,000 sequences generated to track the pandemic on the continent. These sequences have profoundly affected how public health officials in Africa have navigated the COVID-19 pandemic. RATIONALE We demonstrate how the first 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Africa have helped monitor the epidemic on the continent, how genomic surveillance expanded over the course of the pandemic, and how we adapted our sequencing methods to deal with an evolving virus. Finally, we also examine how viral lineages have spread across the continent in a phylogeographic framework to gain insights into the underlying temporal and spatial transmission dynamics for several variants of concern (VOCs). RESULTS Our results indicate that the number of countries in Africa that can sequence the virus within their own borders is growing and that this is coupled with a shorter turnaround time from the time of sampling to sequence submission. Ongoing evolution necessitated the continual updating of primer sets, and, as a result, eight primer sets were designed in tandem with viral evolution and used to ensure effective sequencing of the virus. The pandemic unfolded through multiple waves of infection that were each driven by distinct genetic lineages, with B.1-like ancestral strains associated with the first pandemic wave of infections in 2020. Successive waves on the continent were fueled by different VOCs, with Alpha and Beta cocirculating in distinct spatial patterns during the second wave and Delta and Omicron affecting the whole continent during the third and fourth waves, respectively. Phylogeographic reconstruction points toward distinct differences in viral importation and exportation patterns associated with the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants and subvariants, when considering both Africa versus the rest of the world and viral dissemination within the continent. Our epidemiological and phylogenetic inferences therefore underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic on the continent and highlight key insights and challenges, for instance, recognizing the limitations of low testing proportions. We also highlight the early warning capacity that genomic surveillance in Africa has had for the rest of the world with the detection of new lineages and variants, the most recent being the characterization of various Omicron subvariants. CONCLUSION Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve. This is important not only to help combat SARS-CoV-2 on the continent but also because it can be used as a platform to help address the many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats in Africa. In particular, capacity building for local sequencing within countries or within the continent should be prioritized because this is generally associated with shorter turnaround times, providing the most benefit to local public health authorities tasked with pandemic response and mitigation and allowing for the fastest reaction to localized outbreaks. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century

Estimation of Purkinje trees from electro-anatomical mapping of the left ventricle using minimal cost geodesics

The electrical activation of the heart is a complex physiological process that is essential for the understanding of several cardiac dysfunctions, such as ventricular tachycardia (VT). Nowadays, patient-specific activation times on ventricular chambers can be estimated from electro-anatomical maps, providing crucial information to clinicians for guiding cardiac radio-frequency ablation treatment. However, some relevant electrical pathways such as those of the Purkinje system are very difficult to interpret from these maps due to sparsity of data and the limited spatial resolution of the system. We present here a novel method to estimate these fast electrical pathways from the local activations maps (LATs) obtained from electro-anatomical maps. The location of Purkinje-myocardial junctions (PMJs) is estimated considering them as critical points of a distance map defined by the activation maps, and then minimal cost geodesic paths are computed on the ventricular surface between the detected junctions. Experiments to validate the proposed method have been carried out in simplified and realistic simulated data, showing good performance on recovering the main characteristics of simulated Purkinje networks (e.g. PMJs). A feasibility study with real cases of fascicular VT was also performed, showing promising results.This work is partially funded by the Sub-programa de Proyectos de Investigación en Salud Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (FIS - PI11/01709), by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (TIN2011-28067 and TIN2012-35874), and by eTorso project (GV/2013/094) from Generalitat Valenciana. The authors thank specially Dr. Bart Bijnens for its comments and suggestions, and Dr. David Andreu and Dr. Juan Fernandez-Armenta for their assistance in the clinical data collection