Blokus-Roszkowska Agnieszka Methodology for Electric Cables Critical Infrastructure Network safety and resilience to climate change analysis

Abstract In the paper the energy sector as a critical infrastructure is presented and basic terminology concerned with the energy critical infrastructure is given. The interactions and connections between critical infrastructures are described and the effects of power disruptions to other critical infrastructures are highlighted. Next, presented terminology and taxonomy refer to climate change and resilience to climate change of electric cable critical infrastructure. Finally, taxonomy of electric cable critical infrastructure network in Baltic Sea Region is given, especially in terms of climate change and resilience to climate change. Basic notions related to extreme weather events and climate change having impact on energy generation, transmission and distribution are introduced

Safety and security of Baltic Sea area critical infrastructure networks : integrated management system

The Baltic Sea basin is analyzed and Baltic Sea main geographical and climatological parameters are presented. The Baltic Sea environmental impacts of human activity and the ways of their consequences protection are discussed. The set of critical infrastructure networks at Baltic Sea and its seaside is identified and critical infrastructures and their operation environment methodology is introduced. The integrated management system of safety and security of Baltic Sea area critical infrastructure networks is proposed as a new research project continuing HAZAD project subjects and its core aims and description are presented. The project research team conception is created and partner cooperation added values are addressed. Seven main steps of project implementation are suggested. Moreover, the appropriate and wide references are given

Reliability of Renewable Power Generation using the Example of Offshore Wind Farms

The issue of reliability and the cost of failure or maintenance costs of renewable energy sources, including wind farms, is becoming increasingly important, especially as the volume of electricity supply from such installations increases

Gender inequality in polish companies in women's opinions

Celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy w polskich przedsiębiorstwach obserwowane są nierówności ze względu na płeć, a jeśli tak, to jaka jest ich skala? W ramach wprowadzenia do tej tematyki, dokonano krótkiego przeglądu literatury na temat terminologii i badań nad różnymi rodzajami nierówności w miejscu pracy, w tym nierówności płci, w Unii Europejskiej i na świecie. Analiza ilościowa została oparta na badaniu przeprowadzonym na próbie ponad 4000 respondentek. Kobiety biorące udział w badaniu zatrudnione są w firmach z różnych sektorów (telekomunikacja, finanse, bankowość i ubezpieczenia, usługi, turystyka, uroda, prawo, energetyka, telekomunikacja i IT, medycyna, inne) i o różnej wielkości (50-250 pracowników, 251-1000 pracowników, powyżej 1000 pracowników). W przeprowadzonym badaniu zapytano, czy według ankietowanych kobiet, otrzymują one takie same możliwości rozwoju i awansu jak mężczyźni na podobnym stanowisku. Czy wielkość firmy i sektor przemysłu ma wpływ na to, kto jest najwyżej w hierarchii badanej firmy - kobieta czy mężczyzna? Czy bycie kobietą sprawia, że badana osoba otrzymuje takie same, czy gorsze warunki i czy wpływ na to ma również wielkość firmy i branża, w której zatrudnione są respondentki oraz czy płeć bezpośredniego przełożonego ma wpływ na wsparcie rozwoju ankietowanych kobiet? Przeprowadzona w artykule analiza ilościowa wykazała, że w polskich firmach nadal występuje nierówność płci, mimo coraz większej świadomości istnienia problemu. Niniejszy artykuł ułatwia zrozumienie występujących w badanym zakresie problemów, co pomoże również opracować strategie pomocy w celu poprawy istniejącej w przedsiębiorstwach nierówności traktowania ze względu na płeć.The aim of this article is to answer the question whether gender inequalities are observed in Polish companies and, if so, what is their scale? As an introduction to this topic, a brief literature review of the terminology and research on different types of workplace inequalities, including gender inequality, in the European Union and globally, was conducted. The quantitative analysis was based on a survey with a sample of over 4,000 female respondents. The women in the survey are employed in companies in various sectors (telecommunications, finance, banking and insurance, services, tourism, beauty, law, energy, telecommunications and IT, medicine, other) and of different sizes (50-250 employees, 251-1000 employees, more than 1000 employees). The survey asked whether, according to the women surveyed, they receive the same opportunities for development and promotion as men in a similar position. Does the size of the company and the industry sector influence who is highest in the hierarchy of the company surveyed - a woman or a man. Whether being a woman makes the respondent receive the same or worse conditions, and whether this is also influenced by the size of the company and the industry in which the respondents are employed, and whether the gender of the immediate supervisor influences the support for the development of the female respondents. The quantitative analysis carried out in this article shows that gender inequality still exists in Polish companies, despite a growing awareness of the problem. This article facilitates an understanding of the issues at stake, which will also help to develop support strategies to improve the existing gender inequality in companies

Model of System Safety Related to Climate-Weather Change Process

The article is devoted to the climate-weather change impact on the critical infrastructure safety. A general safety analytical model of the technical system related to the climate-weather change process in its operating area is proposed. It is the integrated model of the complex technical system safety, linking its multistate safety model and the model of the climate-weather change process at its operating area. The conditional safety functions at the climate-weather particular states and the unconditional safety function of the complex system at changing in time climate-weather conditions, the mean value and the variance of the system unconditional lifetime and other safety indicators are defined in general for any critical infrastructure