A Scalable VRU Protection System Based on Edge Servers

Various vulnerable road user (VRU) protection systems have been proposed based on the edge server paradigm to take advantage of the reduced latency as well as computational offloading to servers. In most existing studies, the authors presume that each edge server receives data from its associated users and takes care of the collision risks among them. Because of this presumption, the collision risks between users associated with different edge servers can be overlooked until one of the users at risk crosses the boundary of the server. Therefore, users located at or near the boundary of the edge server domain can receive late alerts or, more seriously, miss the alert entirely until a collision occurs. To address this hazardous scenario, we propose a scalable VRU protection system (SVPS) with an edge server cooperation mechanism. SVPS minimizes additional communication and computational overhead while maintaining satisfactory service accuracy even if users are moving. The numeric results demonstrate that SVPS effectively predicts users’ risks associated with different edge servers. Furthermore, SVPS is demonstrated to be scalable: The larger the edge server coverage area, the lower the overhead. Therefore, the coverage area should be set as large as possible while still satisfying latency requirements

Second primary malignancy risk in thyroid cancer and matched patients with and without radioiodine therapy analysis from the observational health data sciences and informatics

Purpose Risk of second primary malignancy (SPM) after radioiodine (RAI) therapy has been continuously debated. The aim of this study is to identify the risk of SPM in thyroid cancer (TC) patients with RAI compared with TC patients without RAI from matched cohort. Methods Retrospective propensity-matched cohorts were constructed across 4 hospitals in South Korea via the Observational Health Data Science and Informatics (OHDSI), and electrical health records were converted to data of common data model. TC patients who received RAI therapy constituted the target group, whereas TC patients without RAI therapy constituted the comparative group with 1:1 propensity score matching. Hazard ratio (HR) by Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the risk of SPM, and meta-analysis was performed to pool the HRs. Results Among a total of 24,318 patients, 5,374 patients from each group were analyzed (mean age 48.9 and 49.2, women 79.4% and 79.5% for target and comparative group, respectively). All hazard ratios of SPM in TC patients with RAI therapy were <= 1 based on 95% confidence interval(CI) from full or subgroup analyses according to thyroid cancer stage, time-at-risk period, SPM subtype (hematologic or non-hematologic), and initial age (< 30 years or >= 30 years). The HR within the target group was not significantly higher (< 1) in patients who received over 3.7 GBq of I-131 compared with patients who received less than 3.7 GBq of I-131 based on 95% CI. Conclusion There was no significant difference of the SPM risk between TC patients treated with I-131 and propensity-matched TC patients without I-131 therapy.N