How Effective are Toll Roads in Improving Operational Performance?

The main focus of this research is to develop a systematic analytical framework and evaluate the effect of a toll road on region’s traffic using travel time and travel time reliability measures. The travel time data for the Triangle Expressway in Raleigh, North Carolina, United States was employed for the assessment process. The spatial and temporal variations in the travel time distributions on the toll road, parallel alternate route, and near-vicinity cross-streets were analyzed using various travel time reliability measures. The results indicate that the Triangle Expressway showed a positive trend in reliability over the years of its operation. The parallel route reliability decreased significantly during the analysis period, whereas the travel time reliability of cross-streets showed a consistent trend. The stabilization of travel time distributions and the reliability measures over different years of toll road operation are good indicators, suggesting that further reduction in performance measures may not be seen on the near vicinity corridors. The findings from link-level and corridor-level analysis may help with transportation system management, assessing the influence of travel demand patterns, and evaluating the effect of planned implementation of similar projects

Repudiating Morals Legislation: Rendering the Constitutional Right to Privacy Obsolete

This article is set out in three parts. Part II outlines the difficulties with the right to privacy. Part III articulates the relationship between morals legislation and privacy, demonstrating that we no longer need the latter as long as the state eschews the former. Part IV argues that the Court in Lawrence articulates a new standard of rational review where specific appeal to morality is constitutionally suspect, allowing us to reject the right to privac

Susceptibility of blood group ABO and Rh for COVID-19

Background: The ABO and Rh blood group systems are part of the innate immune system and it has been shown that individuals with different ABO and Rh blood groups differ in their susceptibility or resistance to viral and bacterial infections and diseases. With the discovery of blood groups and subsequent great advancement in its study, many workers have tried to find out a possible relationship between the incidence of these blood groups and the incidence of various diseases. Aim of the study was determine the association between COVID-19 virus infection and blood groups.Methods: This retrospective Case- control observational study was performed among subjects reported to hospital situated at central India for RT PCR-COVID-19 sampling during the period between March to September 2020. Total subjects enrolled were 1682.Results: The individuals with blood group Rh factor positive are found to be more susceptible in acquiring COVID-19 disease. Likelihood of getting COVID-19 is more with factor Rh positive in comparison to Rh negative counterparts. The association is observed statistically between Rh factor and status of COVID-19.Conclusions: In conclusion our results implicate that blood group are found to be associated with the status of COVID-19 disease. It is observed that the Rh positive individuals are more susceptible when compared to their Rh negative counterparts in acquiring COVID-19 disease