The Use of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Over the Past 10 Years [2013-2023]: a Citespace-Based Bibliometric analysis

BACKGROUND: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common genetic cardiac disorder characterized by the hypertrophy of a segment of the myocardium. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has been widely used in the assessment of HCM. However, no bibliometric assessment has been conducted on the progress of research in this field. This study thus aimed to examine the current state of research into the application of CMR in HCM and the hotspots and trends that have emerged in this field over the past decade. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted on the Web of Science regarding CMR in the assessment of HCM. The databases were searched from 2013 to June 2023. CiteSpace is an application that can be used to characterize the underlying knowledge of the scientific literature in a given field. We used it to analyze the relationship between publication year and country, institution, journal, author, bibliography, and keywords in the field of CMR for the assessment of HCM. RESULTS: A total of 1,427 articles were included in the analysis. In the assessment of HCM, the findings from the past decade have consistently demonstrated a progressive rise in the quantity of articles pertaining to CMR. The country with the largest number of publications was the United States [310], and the institution with the greatest number of publications was the University College London [45]. The analysis of keywords revealed the diagnosis and management of HCM with CMR to be the current research focus and emerging trend within this academic field. CONCLUSIONS: This study used a novel approach to visually analyze the use of CMR in HCM assessment. The current research trajectory in CMR consists of the diagnosis and management of patients with HCM. Although most studies confirmed the indispensability of CMR in the assessment of HCM, larger-scale cohorts are still needed to more comprehensively evaluate the role of CMR in the differential diagnosis, pre- and post-treatment assessment, and long-term management of patients with HCM

Integrative single-cell meta-analysis reveals disease-relevant vascular cell states and markers in human atherosclerosis

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by atherosclerotic plaque formation in the arterial wall. CAD progression involves complex interactions and phenotypic plasticity among vascular and immune cell lineages. Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) studies have highlighted lineage-specific transcriptomic signatures, but human cell phenotypes remain controversial. Here, we perform an integrated meta-analysis of 22 scRNA-seq libraries to generate a comprehensive map of human atherosclerosis with 118,578 cells. Besides characterizing granular cell-type diversity and communication, we leverage this atlas to provide insights into smooth muscle cell (SMC) modulation. We integrate genome-wide association study data and uncover a critical role for modulated SMC phenotypes in CAD, myocardial infarction, and coronary calcification. Finally, we identify fibromyocyte/fibrochondrogenic SMC markers (LTBP1 and CRTAC1) as proxies of atherosclerosis progression and validate these through omics and spatial imaging analyses. Altogether, we create a unified atlas of human atherosclerosis informing cell state-specific mechanistic and translational studies of cardiovascular diseases.</p

Spatiotemporal variation of long-term surface and vertical suspended particulate matter in the Liaohe estuary, China

The estuary and its nearshore waters are of great ecological value. As one of the important water quality evaluation indicators, suspended particulate matter (SPM) is also relevant to the ecology of the estuary. However, the current research on SPM of surface water is quite well established. It is urgent to study the vertical distribution of SPM due to its significance for further studies of biogeochemical processes in the water column. This study developed remote estimation model of SPM for five different depth water layers in the Liaohe estuary based on in situ Rrs(λ) data and support vector regression (SVR) methods, and the model performed well (RMSE = 24.32 mg/L, MAPE = 26.11%, MAE = 18.37 mg/L, N = 115). After applying the model to 10,090 MODIS images collected in 2000–2021, results show that: (1) Vertical distribution of SPM concentration in the Liaohe estuary could be divided into three types: top-down decreasing type (Type Ⅰ), uniform type (Type Ⅱ) and top-down increasing type (Type III). (2) Seasonal distribution of SPM concentration in the Liaohe estuary is: medium in spring (76.30 ± 10.34 mg/L), low in summer (61.80 ± 6.98 mg/L) and high in autumn (82.28 ± 19.12 mg/L). There is a significant decreasing trend of SPM from 2000 to 2021 (p < 0.01). (3) Meteorological factors (wind speed and precipitation), water depth, human reforestation and reclamation activities are closely related to SPM concentration

Replication Data for: EntropyMasker

Background EntropyMasker is a fully automated approach for separating foreground (tissue) and background in bright-field microscopic whole-slide images of (immuno)histologically stained samples. This method is unaffected by changes in scanning or image processing conditions, by using a measure of local entropy and generating corresponding binary tissue masks. ExpressScan The ExpressScan is an ongoing, unfunded project to scan pathological slides of atherosclerotic plaques and aneurysm tissues at high-resolution using pathology scanners into whole-slide images (WSI). Here we describe these histological WSI data used for the EntropyMasker project from the Athero-Express (AE) Biobank Studies. Athero-Express Biobank Study The AE started in 2002 and now includes over 3,500 patients who underwent surgery to remove atherosclerotic plaques (endarterectomy) from one (or more) of their major arteries (majority carotids and femorals); this is further described here. The study design and staining protocols are described by Verhoeven et al.. A link to the public GitHub repository for EntropyMasker can be found here: https://github.com/CirculatoryHealth/EntropyMasker. Important notice on availability of data The amount of data is huge on average 1Gb size per WSI. There are also restrictions on use by commercial parties, and on sharing openly based on (inter)national laws and regulations and the written informed consent. Therefore these data (and additional clinical data) are only available upon discussion and signing a Data Sharing Agreement (see Terms of Access) and within a specially designed UMC Utrecht provided environment.</br

Effects of Mogrosides on High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice

Obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are highly prevalent and cause numerous metabolic diseases. However, drugs for the prevention and treatment of obesity and NAFLD remain unavailable. In this study, we investigated the effects of mogrosides (luo han guo, LH) in Siraitia grosvenorii saponins on high-fat-diet-induced obesity and NAFLD in mice. We found that compared with the negative control, LH reduced body and liver weight. LH also decreased fat accumulation and increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation (pAMPK) levels in mouse livers. We also found that high-purity mogroside V upregulated pAMPK expression in HepG2 cells. In addition, high-purity mogroside V inhibited reactive oxygen species production and upregulated sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1, p62) expression in THP-1 cells. These results suggest that LH may affect obesity and NAFLD by enhancing fat metabolism and antioxidative defenses. Mogroside V may be a main component of LH. However, the exact molecular mechanisms and active components responsible for the inhibitory effects of LH on obesity and NAFLD require further investigation

The genomic features of parasitism, Polyembryony and immune evasion in the endoparasitic wasp Macrocentrus cingulum

Abstract Background Parasitoid wasps are well-known natural enemies of major agricultural pests and arthropod borne diseases. The parasitoid wasp Macrocentrus cingulum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) has been widely used to control the notorious insect pests Ostrinia furnacalis (Asian Corn Borer) and O. nubilalis (European corn borer). One striking phenomenon exhibited by M. cingulum is polyembryony, the formation of multiple genetically identical offspring from a single zygote. Moreover, M. cingulum employs a passive parasitic strategy by preventing the host’s immune system from recognizing the embryo as a foreign body. Thus, the embryos evade the host’s immune system and are not encapsulated by host hemocytes. Unfortunately, the mechanism of both polyembryony and immune evasion remains largely unknown. Results We report the genome of the parasitoid wasp M. cingulum. Comparative genomics analysis of M. cingulum and other 11 insects were conducted, finding some gene families with apparent expansion or contraction which might be linked to the parasitic behaviors or polyembryony of M. cingulum. Moreover, we present the evidence that the microRNA miR-14b regulates the polyembryonic development of M. cingulum by targeting the c-Myc Promoter-binding Protein 1 (MBP-1), histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2E (KMT2E) and segmentation protein Runt. In addition, Hemomucin, an O-glycosylated transmembrane protein, protects the endoparasitoid wasp larvae from being encapsulated by host hemocytes. Motif and domain analysis showed that only the hemomucin in two endoparasitoids, M. cingulum and Venturia canescens, possessing the ability of passive immune evasion has intact mucin domain and similar O-glycosylation patterns, indicating that the hemomucin is a key factor modulating the immune evasion. Conclusions The microRNA miR-14b participates in the regulation of polyembryonic development, and the O-glycosylation of the mucin domain in the hemomucin confers the passive immune evasion in this wasp. These key findings provide new insights into the polyembryony and immune evasion